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Biomedical subjects

J L Demarquez

Publications and source records attributed to J L Demarquez.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[The venous route in total parenteral nutrition of the adult patient (author's transl)].

Total parenteral nutrition (T.P.N.) takes presently an important place in the therapeutic methods. Nevertheless multiple complications, directly related to the venous route can constitute a limiting factor in the application of such procedures. Therefore complications such as sepsis and venous thrombosis must be prevented during T.P.N. Some conditions issued from our experiences and from the results in the literature can be now well defined: 1) Surgical catheterization of the vein in cases of long term T.P.N. and transcutaneously in cases of short term T.P.N. with in all cases a long subcutaneous way of the catheter. 2) Silastic catheter must be systematically used. 3) The intravenous way of the catheter must be as short as possible. 4) Nutrients must be strictly infused in the superior vena cava. 5) The utilisation of nutritive mixtures must be prefered if possible. 6) Handling of the infusion line must be avoided. Finally the management of T.P.N. in the best conditions requires a specialized staff.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Early diagnosis of respiratory distress in premature infants. Application of the Clements test to the gastric fluid].

The stomach of the newborn infant contains swallowed amniotic fluid. The gastric fluid of 66 newborn infants was placed in contact with alcohol, following the technique reported by Clements in relation to amniotic fluid. The stability of the bubbles formed after mixing correspond to the presence of surfactant. In the case of respiratory distress in a premature infant, a positive test is in favour of transient respiratory distress. Intermediate or negative results are seen essentially in the presence of idiopathic respiratory distress. Application of the Clements test to gastric fluid collected immediately after birth is an excellent mean of diagnostic orientation in the presence of early respiratory problems in a premature infant. When negative, the child should be transferred to a specialised centre in order that intermittent positive pressure therapy may be started, the effectiveness of the latter being related to how soon it is begun.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1977

[Islet cell adenoma with neonatal onset. Clinical, hormonological and ultrastructural study of a case].

A case of hyperinsulinism occuring in a newborn, with a birthweight of 4,050 g, is reported. The hypoglycaemia was refractory to the usual therapy (increase of glucose administration per os, and I.V., corticosteroids, glucagon, diazoxide). At surgery, undertaken at 9 days of age, an adenomatous nodule was removed along with the left part of the pancreas. Death occurred at 18 days, after the child had developed a transitory acidoketosic diabetes and an encephalopathy. Measurement of insulin by radio-immunoassay revealed a strong increase in the ratio insulin/glycaemia, characteristic of nesidioblastoma, as well as a high concentration of insulin in the tumor as compared to normal tissue. On the ultrastructural level, the observed features differed from those seen in children and adults and showed an abnormal overload of dense deposits in the cytoplasm of some histiocytes.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1977

[Adrenal cysts in the newborn. Apropos of 2 cases].

Cysts of the adrenal gland are very rare in the neonatal period and are always diagnosed either at surgery or at autopsy. Two patients are reported. One is an infant born at term in whom a mass in the left loin was discovered on the 3rd day of life. At surgery a suprarenal tumour was discovered and a polycystic adrenal was removed: recovery was uneventful. Histology showed a cystic haemangioma in the adrenocortical tissue. The diagnosis made was that of a cystic haemangioma. The other patient is an infant born at 38 weeks gestation who became jaundiced and developed a haemolytic streptococcal septicaemia. A mass was found in the right lumbar region on the 3rd day. The calcified egg-shell appearance, renal arteriography and an intravenous pyelogram demonstrated the cystic appearance of the adrenal. The cystic mass and the adrenal gland were removed and the patient recovered. Histological examination suggested that a pseudocyst had arisen secondary to a haemorrhagic infarct caused by a septic embolus. Adrenal cysts are classified as true cysts and pseudocysts (which must be distinguished from unilateral haematomas). The histological appearances are reviewed. These patients may be added to the 11 neonatal case reports in the literature (9 haemorrhagic pseudocysts, only 2 true cysts). To our knowledge cystic haemangioma has not previously been reported.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1976

[Alpha-1 antitrypsin and idiopathic respiratory distress of the newborn infant. Study in serum and lungs].

Serum level of alpha-1-antitrypsin is significantly reduced in newborns with idiopathic respiratory distress when compared to matched controls. This decrease was predominantly due to the group of infants who died from I.R.D., provided that alpha-1-antitrypsin determination was carried out on the first day of life. Alpha-1-antitrypsin was demonstrable by indirect immunofluorescence in hyaline membranes whereas fluorescence was negative in the alveolae of infants who had no hyaline membranes.

Gestational Age↗
PubMed1975

[Renal vein thrombosis in the newborn infant].

In a child born with traumatism to a diabetic mother, an acute thrombosis of the left renal vein occurred. An arteriography performed at the acute stage, established the diagnosis. The newborn received urokinase and heparin administered through an arterial catheterism. An arteriography, repeated at the 3rd day, showed an improvement in the vascularization of the kidney, which returned to normal functions. The radiological symptons of renal vein thrombosis are reviewed including the arteriography which is never used for the diagnosis in newborns. The interest of the use of urokinase and its efficiency in this disorder are discussed. This therapy harmless and efficient seems of interest. Such a therapy has to be tried because of the failure of isolated heparin-therapy and of the sequellae which may be observed after spontaneous recovery or after anticoagulant treatment.

Female↗