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Biomedical subjects

J L Dunlop

Publications and source records attributed to J L Dunlop.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

The effects of war on mental health.

A hundred claimants, almost entirely ex-service personnel who claimed sequelae following their war service, were assessed for their war pension rights. The difficulties they experienced are discussed, especially as regards physical symptoms, pre-morbid personality, length of time since event, effects of different locations, memory difficulties, concomitant old age etc. In spite of these difficulties it is still important to attempt to be unbiased and try to give the DHSS guidance in their difficult job.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1996

Epibatidine: a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist releases monoaminergic neurotransmitters: in vitro and in vivo evidence in rats.

The effect of the neuronal acetylcholine-gated ion channel receptor agonist (+/-)-epibatidine was studied on neurotransmitter release in vitro and motor behavior in vivo. (+/-)-Epibatidine (3-300 nM) caused a concentration- and calcium-dependent release of [3H]-dopamine from striatal slices and [3H]-norepinephrine release from hippocampal and thalamic slices. (+/-)-Epibatidine-induced neurotransmitter release was inhibited in all three regions by mecamylamine (3 microM). In contrast, D-tubocurarine (10-100 microM) inhibited only (+/-)-epibatidine-induced [3H]-norepinephrine release from the hippocampus and the thalamus. Conversely, dihydro beta-erythroidine (3-100 microM) inhibited (+/-)-epibatidine-induced [3H]-dopamine release in the striatum without significantly altering [3H]-norepinephrine release from either the hippocampus or the thalamus. This is consistent with the observation that different nAChRs modulate dopamine release as compared with norepinephrine release. The effect of (+/-)-epibatidine on both [3H]-dopamine and [3H]-norepinephrine release was tetrodotoxin-sensitive, suggesting the involvement of sodium channels. (+/-)-Epibatidine (1-3 micrograms/kg s.c.) produced ipsilateral turning in the unilaterally [6(OH)-DA]-lesioned rat. This effect was mimicked by (-)-nicotine (0.35 mg/kg s.c.). Both (+/-)-epibatidine- and (-)-nicotine-induced turning were significantly inhibited by mecamylamine (3 mg/kg s.c.), indicating that the turning response was mediated by nAChRs. (+/-)-Epibatidine also increased locomotor activity in a dose-dependent manner. (+/-)-Epibatidine-induced hyperactivity was blocked by D1 and D2 receptor antagonists, SCH 23390 and eticlopride, respectively, suggesting that both dopamine receptor subtypes might be required for the locomotor effect of (+/-)-epibatidine. These results demonstrate that (+/-)-epibatidine displays nAChR agonist activity in the rat CNS and that certain effects are mediated via nAChR-stimulated catecholamine release and subsequent activation of corresponding receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Pharmacological characterization of neuronal acetylcholine gated ion channel receptor-mediated hippocampal norepinephrine and striatal dopamine release from rat brain slices.

Neuronal acetylcholine-gated ion channel receptor-mediated [3H]-norepinephrine ([3H]-NE) and [3H]-dopamine ([3H]-DA) release from rat hippocampal and striatal slices, respectively, were compared. The nicotinic receptor agonists (-)-nicotine, (-)-cytisine and 1,1-dimethyl-4-phenylpiperazinium iodide (DMPP) increased both [3H]-NE and [3H]-DA release in a concentration-dependent manner. The rank order of potency for the three agonists was DMPP > (-)-cytisine > (-)-nicotine for evoking [3H]-NE release and (-)-cytisine > DMPP = (-)-nicotine for releasing [3H]-DA. (-)-Cytisine acted as a partial agonist in stimulating DA release as it displayed lower efficacy and inhibited the agonistic effect of (-)-nicotine. (-)-Cytisine and (-)-nicotine were equally effective in stimulating NE release. The responses to a maximally effective concentration of (-)-nicotine, (-)-cytisine or DMPP on [3H]-NE release were blocked by 1 microM tetrodotoxin (TTX). In contrast, the effects of the various agonists on [3H]-DA release were not blocked by tetrodotoxin. The nicotinic receptor antagonists, d-tubocurarine (3-100 microM) and mecamylamine (1.0-10 microM) blocked the 3H-NE release induced by (-)-nicotine and DMPP in the rat hippocampal slice, whereas dihydro beta-erythroidine (3-300 microM) was without effect. In the striatum, mecamylamine (0.3-10 microM) and dihydro beta-erythroidine (3-100 microM) blocked the responses mediated by both agonists whereas d-tubocurarine (3-100 microM) was ineffective.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Does erotomania exist between women?

Two cases of homosexual erotomania are described and the recommended diagnostic criteria applied. The symptoms were found to be very similar to that occurring with heterosexual patients. The case for retaining erotomania as a distinct entity is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Intramitochondrial regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation occurs between flavoprotein and ubiquinone. A role for changes in the matrix volume.

Rat liver mitochondria were incubated in media of different osmolarities and in the presence of various substrates. Rates of oxygen consumption and mitochondrial matrix volumes were measured in the presence and absence of ADP and uncoupler. Duroquinol oxidation was insensitive to matrix volume, whereas other substrates tested showed increased rates of oxidation when the matrix volume increased from 1.0 to 1.5 microliter/mg of protein; this is the range of values measured in situ [Quinlan, Thomas, Armston & Halestrap (1983) Biochem. J. 214, 395-404]. Palmitoylcarnitine, octanoate and butyrate oxidations were particularly sensitive to the matrix volume, increasing from negligible rates to maximal rates within this range. Swelling induced by K+ uptake also stimulated palmitoylcarnitine oxidation. A similar effect of volume on substrate oxidation was seen when ferricyanide in the presence or absence of ubiquinone-1 replaced oxygen as terminal electron acceptor. Measurement of flavoprotein reduction (A 460-480) demonstrated that the locus of the effect of matrix volume is between the electron-transfer flavoprotein and ubiquinone. It is suggested that volume-mediated regulation of fatty acid and proline oxidation may be an important component of the hormonal stimulation of their oxidation.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Psychiatric aspects of urology.

Psychiatric investigation of 342 patients attending a urological clinic during one year showed a wide spectrum of problems. Patients with lower urinary tract complaints scored higher on the Hamilton Scale than those with upper tract complaints.

Adolescent↗