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Biomedical subjects

J L Gonzalez

Publications and source records attributed to J L Gonzalez.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Placebo-controlled efficacy study of hepatitis A vaccine in Valdivia, Chile.

A placebo-controlled, double-blind study on the efficacy of a hepatitis A vaccine (SmithKline Beecham Biologicals) was started in a region of Chile in September 1990, using hepatitis B vaccine as control. A total of 260 healthy children, 6-15 years of age, negative for antibody to hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV), antibody to HAV immunoglobulin M (IgM), hepatitis B surface antigen, and antibody to hepatitis B surface and core antigens by ELISA tests within 7 days before vaccination, were randomly assigned to two study groups: 128 children received the vaccine with a yellow label (group 1), and 132 children the vaccine with an orange label (group 2) at months 0, 1 and 6. Blood for serology and transaminase determination was drawn at months 1, 2, 6, 7 and 12. Both vaccines were tolerated equally well and no serious side effects were seen. In group 1 (presumed hepatitis A vaccine group), anti-HAV was detected (20% inhibition was used as the cut-off level) in 122 of 128 children (95.5%) tested at month 1, in 126 of 127 (99.2%) at month 2, in 126 of 127 (99.2%) at month 6 and in 126 of 126 (100%) at month 7. One anti-HAV seroconversion seen at month 1 was associated with presence of anti-HAV IgM and therefore probably represents HAV infection. Geometric mean anti-HAV concentration of the other children was 128, 342, 214 and 2301 mIU/ml at months 1, 2, 6 and 7, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Training of conversational skills with institutionalized elderly: a preliminary study.

16 residents in a Residential Care Home for elderly people volunteered and were trained in a social skills program aimed at increasing conversational skills. Subjects were assigned randomly to three groups, one experimental and two control groups (placebo and waiting list). The techniques used in the experimental group were behavior rehearsal, feedback, modeling, discriminative reinforcement, verbal instructions, and homework. Relative to control groups, experimental subjects showed significant increases in conversational skills, such as receiving information, speaking-up, and giving information. They also showed a significant decrease in their scores on Zung's Self-rating Scale of Depression compared with the two control groups. They showed an increase in assertive responses and a decrease in aggressive and inhibited responses. These changes remained when follow-up was made 3 mo. later, suggesting the potential utility of this training program with elderly persons residing in old people's homes.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Decrease of choline acetyltransferase activity of rat cortex capillaries with aging.

Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity was estimated in brain cortex capillaries isolated from 3-, 12-, 18-, and 24-month-old rats. Maximum enzymatic activity was found at 12 months (55 +/- 0.3 pmol X mg-1 protein X min-1; mean +/- SEM) and then it decreased to reach a minimum at 24 months (34 +/- 3.1 pmol X mg-1 protein X min-1). A less marked decrease of enzymatic activity was also found in cortex homogenate and in a synaptosomal fraction obtained from the same groups of rats. Loss of ChAT of brain capillaries with aging could be related to a general phenomenon of cortical cholinergic deficit in that condition.

Aging↗