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Biomedical subjects

J L Gutiérrez

Publications and source records attributed to J L Gutiérrez.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Novel approaches in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer.

A wealth of data indicates that certain genetic abnormalities can target specific cytotoxic drugs and intervene at an early step as a mechanism of resistance in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. Therefore prescribing certain combinations of cytotoxic anticancer agents to a vast majority of these patients is futile. Genetic abnormalities have been found to be useful surrogate markers for response, particularly in colorectal cancer: thymidylate synthase mRNA and ERCC1 mRNA levels. In addition, beta-tubulin mutations may also confer paclitaxel resistance in patients. An important target to be explored for gemcitabine resistance is the assessment of a particular region in chromosome 11p15.5 wherein lies the ribonucleotide reductase gene that could affect gemcitabine metabolism. Shedding light on this genetic framework, several proposed customized chemotherapy studies could help validate the relevance of these markers.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1999

Changes of environment and darkness enhance the NADPH-diaphorase staining in the rat paraventricular nucleus.

Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in the maintenance of autonomic homeostasis of the body. NO-producing neurons are activated in the brain during exposure to different levels of environmentally produced stimulations. These facts prompted the authors to investigate the levels of activation of NO-producing neurons of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) following change of environment and darkness. Cryostat sections were cut and processed for the histochemical detection of the NADPH-diaphorase (ND)-activity. Following change of the environment and darkness for 12 and 24 h, statistical analysis displayed a significant increase in the number of ND-neurons, especially in the posterior magnocellular and the lateral parvicellular subdivisions of the PVN. These data indicate that the ND-neurons of the PVN are influenced by changes of the environment and darkness.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

The value of nuclear area as a prognostic factor in T1 papillary transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

In a series of 131 T1 papillary transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder, the nuclear areas of 100 nuclei (50 from the external papillary zone and 50 from the internal papillary zone) were measured. An attempt was made to correlate retrospectively the value of the mean nuclear area with histological grade and with survival. A higher value was obtained for the mean nuclear area of the internal papillary zone than for that of the external papillary zone. A better survival rate was found after 10 years' follow-up for those tumours whose mean nuclear area in the internal papillary zone was < or = 28 microns2, which suggests that it is in this zone that the nuclear area should be measured. A correlation was observed between the increase in the mean nuclear area value and higher histological grade.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

Prognostic correlation of morphometric values with survival in invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

A morphometric study was made of 95 invasive bladder tumours, differentiating 34 papillary and 61 solid carcinomas. In the invasive papillary tumours, the deeper the zone of the tumour measured, the higher the value of the mean nuclear area. A higher histological grade was also seen to correspond to a higher mean nuclear area value except for Grade IV tumours, whose nuclear area was no larger than that for Grade III tumours. This led us to separate Grade IV tumours from transitional cell carcinomas and classify them as undifferentiated. A better prognosis was found for those tumours whose mean nuclear area was < or = 30 microns2 in category T2. For T3 and T4A tumours no conclusive results were obtained in this respect.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1990

[Cervical actinomycosis starting as a monoparesis of the upper left extremity].

We present a case of cervical actinomycosis which due to its localization, unusually low and posterior, made its debut as a monoparesis and which due to its unexpected size, marked aggressiveness, and radiologic image mimicked a tumor. We have not found in the literature this kind of presentation up to date. Although sulphur grains were not observed, empiric treatment could be started based on the Gram stain information. Culture was delayed 15 days, but we could promptly obtain reliable diagnosis thanks to pathologic study. Associated Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated.

Abscess↗
PubMed1990

[Prognosis factors in adenocarcinoma of the kidney. I. Staging, clinical and macroscopic factors of the tumor].

In 95 cases of renal adenocarcinoma (32 stage I, 18 II, 26 III, and 19 IV) submitted to radical nephrectomy and hilar lymphadenectomy with a follow-up of 5 years, we evaluated the prognostic value of the Robson classification (p less than 0.01), categories T (p less than 0.01), N (p less than 0.01), M (p less than 0.01) and V (p = NS), 3 clinical parameters (sex, age, duration of symptoms and signs) which proved to be of no prognostic value, and 6 macroscopic features of the tumor (solid or cystic nature of the tumor, presence of intrarenal tumor satellite modules, ureteric invasion, tumor size, site and intrarenal location of the tumor). Four of the foregoing proved to influence prognosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Prognosis factors in adenocarcinoma of the kidney. II. Microscopic factors].

The prognostic value of several microscopic parameters were evaluated in 95 cases of renal adenocarcinoma (32 stage I, 18 II, 26 III and 19 IV) submitted to radical nephrectomy and hilar lymphadenectomy with a 5-year follow-up. No prognostic significance was observed for cell type, architectural pattern, borders, and degree of peritumoral lymphocyte infiltration. A worse prognosis was observed for the high (G 3 + 4) in comparison with the low (G 1 + 2) nuclear grade (p less than 0.01). However, analysis according to stage revealed this parameter only affected prognosis in those cases pertaining to intermediate stages II and III. The mean proliferation rate was 2.97 mitoses/10 fields (500 x). A worse prognosis was observed for a proliferation rate greater than 5 mitoses/10 fields (500 x) in comparison to those with a lower rate (p less than 0.01) but evolves parallel to stage.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Prognosis factors in adenocarcinoma of the kidney. III. Nuclear area].

Nuclear morphometry was performed with the MOP-Videoplan morphometry device in 95 cases of renal adenocarcinoma submitted to radical nephrectomy and hilar lymphadenectomy with a 5-year follow-up. For each case, 100 nuclei were randomly selected and delineated (magnification: 1,000x). A statistically significant correlation (p less than 0.05) was observed for the nuclear area and the overall as well as stage-related survivorship. Using a nuclear size of 35 microns 2, the study population can be divided into two groups: those with a good and those with a poor prognosis regardless of stage. A statistically significant difference was observed for the overall as well as the stage-related survivorship for the group with a nuclear area less than 35 microns 2 (good prognosis) in comparison with the group with a nuclear area greater than 35 microns 2.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radon emanation measurements using silicon photodiode detectors.

Driven by the global concern about radon hazards, a wide variety of methods to measure radon and its decay products have been developed. Pin silicon photodiodes are increasingly applied in this field, their main advantages being high detection efficiency for alpha particles and low cost. In this paper, we present a system to determine the emanation factor for 222Rn from porous material based on a pin photodiode. This equipment is valid both for field and laboratory measurements, allowing to monitor the external emanation conditions by means of temperature, humidity and pressure sensors. To illustrate the capabilities of the system, we present two case studies of samples with high and low 226Ra content. The activity of this radionuclide in the samples had been previously determined by gamma-ray spectrometry.

Electrochemistry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The evolution of mortality in the first year of life in Spain (1975-1988)].

In recent years, the rate of decline in infant mortality and the proportional mortality by some causes of death in the first year of life have had important changes. The objectives of this study are to describe such changes, and to suggest hypotheses about their meaning. Infant, early neonatal, late neonatal and postneonatal mortality rates from 1975 to 1988 were calculated with information from the death register. Also, several indicators of the trends of those rates and proportional mortality by "certain conditions originating in the perinatal period" have been calculated. The reduction in infant mortality was due, mainly, to early neonatal mortality, which had an annual average decline of 4.6% during the study period. The proportional mortality and the mortality rate by perinatal conditions in the postneonatal period increased between 1975 and 1988. The first increased from 1.3% to 5.2%, and the second from 0.07 to 0.15 per 1000 live births. Hypotheses about the meaning of these results are suggested, and some actions are proposed in order to monitor and conduct research on mortality during the first year of life.

Age Factors↗