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Biomedical subjects

J L Magnet

Publications and source records attributed to J L Magnet.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Periarticular ossification. Complication of total hip prosthesis].

The authors analyse peri-prosthetic ossification, a complication which can occur in the presence of certain risk factors. Grades I and II calcifications are frequent and do not interfere with the final post-operative result. On the other hand, grades II and IV result in a progressive stiffening of the coxo-femoral joint within one year after the operation. They may be bilateral and can sometimes be responsible for serious handicap. These cases should be re-operated in order to restore joint mobility, but surgical treatment should be completed by radiotherapy according to a defined protocol. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents and diphosphonates also have a preventative action. Subjects at risk (ankylosing vertebral hyperostosis, spondyloarthritis, alcoholism, patients with a history of ossification of the first side) require effective prophylactic treatment. In the authors' own series, 49 cases of ossification were observed in a retrospective analysis of 100 patients, including 6 cases of grades III and IV ossification. They analyse their results in relation to the initial hip pathology treated by prosthesis, but their series is too small to allow an statistically valid conclusions. Complementary studies are required.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1984

[Usefulness of cerebrospinal fluid in patients with sciatica].

The authors report the data of the analysis in cephalo-rachidial fluid during 162 sciaticas. 52,5% cases have a normal albuminorachidia. There is a correlation between the clinical findings bur none with the evolution before punction and the albuminorachia. When it is found more than 0,40 g/l there are abnormalities on the myelographic-examination and the patients are more often operated on. In fact the analysis of the cephalo-rachidial fluid is not very useful in common sciaticas. It is necessary to follow up cases where more than five cells (by mm3) are found because they might become multiple sclerosis (3 cases one year later). A determination of the beta-2-microglobulin was performed because it is an excellent criteria of inflammation, in the cephalo-rachidial fluid. During sciatica its level is regularly normal (24 normal over 30); but is may increase in other pathological situations which, at the beginning, look like sciaticas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Rapid destructive arthropathy of the shoulder].

Within the general context of rapid destruction of the humeral head, destructive arthropathy of the shoulder, described here in six cases, is a diagnosis of elimination. Being neither infectious inflammatory, microcrystalline, nor neurological, this curious variety of degenerative pathology of the shoulder involves the following: 1) a particular group of sufferers: women aged 65 to 81 years; 2) prior signs, at least radiological, of deterioration in the rotator cuff; 3) rapid erosive osteolysis of the head of the humerus reducing its radiological area by 25 per cent in less than six months; 4) early narrowing of the scapulo-humeral joint space (Ist to 9th month); 5) transient appearance of calcium debris in the area of the joint; 6) a synovial effusion in some cases, often bloody. The destruction phase is associated with pain lasting from two months to two years. However at the stage of stable sequelae, pain is moderate or minimal. Differential diagnosis with destructive arthropathy due to articular chondrocalcinosis and necrosis of the head of the humerus is particularly discussed. The cause of rapid destruction is unknown. It may be multifactorial: advanced age (constant), osteoporosis, fragility of articular cartilage as evidenced by multiple localizations of osteoarthrosis (4 cases out of 6), enzymes in the bloody effusion, trauma (3 cases out of 7), and intra-articular injections of corticosteroid derivatives, in particular fluorinated (3 cases out of 7) may possibly play a role.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[Tuberculous trochanteritis : radiological diagnosis (author's transl)].

Based on four typical cases of tuberculous trochanteritis, the authors describe the clinical symptoms and signs, and radiological findings in this osteitis. An unusual feature of this affection is the usually slow progression of the anatomical changes, especially in vaccinated adults. Another peculiarity arises from the fact that this para-articular osteitis (which menaces the hip) is probably secondary to a bursitis of the gluteus medius. A history of tuberculosis infection facilitates the diagnosis, which must be confirmed by bacteriological or histological examinations before instituting medical treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Bone necrosis during osteomalacias].

On the basis of 3 personal cases, the authors study the characteristics of osteonecroses during osteomalacias. They compare their findings to those in the literature. Clinically, the location at the femoral head is predominant, with absence of pain and functional tolerance often noted. On the radiological level, the demineralization of the skeleton is not constant, and there are few Looser-Milkman striae. In the lower limbs the necrosis is always located in the supporting areas, showing a restricted surface with little or no perinecrotic condensation and an absence of bone sequestrum. The cartilage remains intact for long periods. A pathogenic interpretation is proposed: the increasingly fragile state of the bones causes a subchondral fatigue fracture. The malacia bone thus adapts itself to the mechanical constraints thus imposed on it.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Unrecognized posterior dislocations of the shoulder. Apropos of 6 cases].

Reporting six cases of posterior dislocation of the shoulder examined in a rheumatological setting, the authors emphasize the diagnostic difficulties in this condition. The post-epileptic aetiology is often unrecognized. Certain radiological techniques permit recognition of the dislocation, when the antero-posterior film shows little abnormal. The authors analyze the anatomical lesions, which sometimes include fracture, and review the orthopaedic and surgical treatments, and the results obtained.

Adult↗