Biomedical subjects
J L Strausser
Publications and source records attributed to J L Strausser.
Argon laser surgery in young children.
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Pott's disease following BCG therapy of melanoma.
The first reported case of a patient with BCG-induced Pott's disease following immunotherapy for melanoma is presented. No signs or symptoms of the disease were detected for 2 1/2 years after therapy. The diagnosis and treatment of this complication of melanoma therapy are discussed.
Management of nontraumatic chylothorax.
Twenty-two patients with chylothorax have been treated at the National Institutes of Health since 1955. In 9 of these patients, the condition resulted from an antecedent operation and in 13, it occurred without a history of prior operation (nontraumatic). All 6 of the patients with tumors in whom nontraumatic chylothorax developed had a lymphoma. Four of these 6 also had a chylous ascites, while 6 of the 7 patients without tumors had an associated chylous ascites. Only 3 of the 13 patients with nontraumatic chylothorax responded to nonoperative therapy alone with stabilization of the pleural effusions. A single patient with systemic lupus erythematosus responded to steroid therapy. In contrast, 3 of 4 patients who underwent thoracotomy for nontraumatic chylothorax had permanent relief of their chylous pleural effusions. In the absence of medically treatable disease, thoracotomy with ligation of the thoracic duct and/or pleurectomy or pleurodesis can provide substantial palliation for patients with nontraumatic chylothorax, even when a discrete source of lymph leakage cannot be localized or ascites is present. Early surgical therapy of nontraumatic chylothorax is advocated in such circumstances.
Lysis of fresh and cultured autologous tumor by human lymphocytes cultured in T-cell growth factor.
Human lymphocytes derived from the peripheral blood of patients with a variety of cancers were grown in T-cell growth factor (TCGF) and tested in a 4-hr 51Cr microcytotoxicity assay against fresh and cultured autologous tumor, autologous cultured skin fibroblasts, and autologous fresh peripheral blood lymphocytes. Lymphocytes grown in TCGF caused significant lysis of autologous cultured tumor and fibroblasts but caused little lysis of fresh autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes in all of seven patients tested. This lytic activity against autologous cultured cells was not dependent on the source of serum used in culturing the lymphoid cells or the targets. Lymphoid cells grown in TCGF also were capable of causing selective lysis of fresh autologous tumor cells that had never been in culture in five of nine patients. Lymphoid cells growing in lectin-free TCGF caused selective lysis of autologous tumor in five of seven patients. These observations demonstrate that peripheral lymphoid cells grown in TCGF can be lytic for autologous cultured and autologous fresh tumor compared to the lysis of fresh autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes. The fact that these autoreactive cells, lytic for tumor, may be expanded to large numbers in TCGF suggests a possible role for these cells in studies of the control of the cytotoxic response of activated cells to tumor and possibly in the immunotherapy of tumors as well.
Lysis of human solid tumors by autologous cells sensitized in vitro to alloantigens.
Human lymphocytes sensitized in vitro to allogeneic single-donor cells as well as to pools of allogeneic donor cells were evaluated for their cytotoxic potential against autologous fresh solid tumor cells, autologous tissue-cultured tumor and fibroblasts, fresh peripheral blood lymphoid cells (PBL), and Con A blasts of PBL. Using 4-hr 51Cr release assays, pool-sensitized effector cells lysed autologous tissue-cultured tumor and fibroblast targets in 4 of 4 experiments. Similarly, in 2 of 2 experiments with single-donor allosensitized effectors, autologous tissue-cultured tumor was lysed. No lysis of fresh PBL was seen. Significant lysis of fresh autologous tumor target cells was seen in 10 of 12 experiments with pool-sensitized effectors, though, again, no lysis of autologous PBL was observed. No lysis of autologous Con A blasts was seen in 2 of 2 experiments. Fresh tumor cells, PBL, and Con A blasts appeared equally lysable, since they were equally lysed by effector cells specifically sensitized to alloantigens present on these cells. Cold target inhibition studies demonstrated that cultured tumor and fibroblasts but not PBL shared the determinants recognized by pool-sensitized cells.
In vitro growth of cytotoxic human lymphocytes. II. Use of T cell growth factor (TCGF) to clone human T cells.
Soft agar and limiting dilution techniques utilizing human T cell growth factor (TCGF) have been developed to clone human lymphoid cells with high cloning efficiency. TCGF has been used for the continued growth and expansion of lymphoid populations derived from single T cells, and the cytotoxic specificity of individual clones has been repeatedly examined. An analysis of clones derived from human lymphocytes sensitized to allogeneic determinants in vitro reveals significant polymorphism in lytic recognition when tested against HLA typed targets. This pattern of reactivity remained constant over the 2 months of continuous culture. These methods should be capable of dissecting and analyzing the fine specificity of the T cell response.
Growth of human T-cells following in vitro allograft sensitization.
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In vitro growth of cytotoxic human lymphocytes. I. Growth of cells sensitized in vitro to alloantigens.
Human lymphocytes sensitized to allogeneic determinants in vitro were continuously cultured on medium prepared from phytohemagglutinin-(PHA-P) stimulated human mixed lymphocyte cultures. With such human-conditioned medium (HCM), human peripheral lymphoid cells could be grown in culture for over 90 days with a doulbing time of about 54 hr. Cytotoxic lymphocytes could be grown in culture for this time with no loss of cytotoxicity or change in cytotoxic specificity.
Binding of T3 in rat liver nuclei.
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