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J L Vázquez Calzada

Publications and source records attributed to J L Vázquez Calzada.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Out of the wedlock childbearing in Puerto Rico.

In 1978, the proportion of out of the wedlock childbearing amounted to 18 percent, the lowest figure ever recorded in Puerto Rico. Since then, a consistent upward trend has been observed and in 1994 almost 42 percent of all live births was attributed to non-legally married mothers; 32 percent to mothers in consensual unions and ten percent to unwed mothers (not cohabiting with her child's father). Out of the wedlock childbearing is higher among adolescents and mothers of the lowest socioeconomic status as well as, among mothers out of the labor force. As compared with the legally married out of the wedlock mothers received a poorer prenatal care; those not cohabiting with their child's father receiving the poorest. Among out of the wedlock mothers the proportions of low birthweight newborns, preterm and depressed are higher than among the legally married, as well as their infant mortality rates.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Apgar score and infant mortality in Puerto Rico.

This study has as its objectives: 1) to examine the association between Apgar score and a set of demographic and sociodemographic variables so as to assess its usefulness as an indicator of the physical conditions of the newborn; 2) to determine if Apgar score in Puerto Rico is a good predictor of the newborn probability of surviving during his first year of life. For this purpose the 1990 live births and infant deaths data was utilized. The results indicate a direct relation between Apgar score with mother's schooling, father's occupation, and number of prenatal visits. Apgar score shows, also, an U curve type relationship with birthweight and gestational age, while it was found to be higher in private than in public hospitals. One of the most important findings was the strong association between infant mortality and Apgar score, even when the effect of other important independent variables such as birthweight and gestational age were held constant. These results demonstrate that, in spite of its criticisms Apgar score seems to be an excellent indicator of the newborn conditions at birth and a very good predictor of infant mortality in Puerto Rico.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of cesarean section deliveries on female sterilization in Puerto Rico].

For the last decades Puerto Rico has had the highest rate of female sterilization of the world. However, it was to be expected that the increasing trend will slow down with the appearance of new and effective birth control methods and the increasing educational level of the population. The data obtained from an island-wide sample survey undertaken in 1982 demonstrated that this was not the case and that the rate of female sterilization continued to increase. The authors hypothesis was that this unexpected situation was a result of the remarkable increase observed in cesarean childbirth in the Island. Thus, the main objective of this study was to examine the relationship between cesarean childbirth and female sterilization. Utilizing the 1982 sample survey data the authors demonstrated that surgical deliveries had increased so rapidly during the last decades that Puerto Rico seems to be the leading country of the world, confirming the findings of a 1980 study. These data also showed that there was a very strong association between cesarean childbirth and female sterilization. A partial correlation analysis tend to demonstrate that surgical delivery in Puerto Rico, is at present, a stronger determinant of female sterilization than fertility.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Prenatal care, infant birthweight and infant mortality in Puerto Rico.

This study purports to analyze selected demographic and socio-economic correlated of prenatal care in Puerto Rico. Also, the relationship between prenatal care and infant birthweight and mortality is examined. The data was obtained from the 1986 live birth and death certificates. Three indicators of adequacy of prenatal care were utilized in the analysis: number of prenatal care visits, trimester in which this care began and the "Kessner Index". The findings of the study revealed that prenatal care in Puerto Rico has improved both in terms of early care and in continuity, since 1980. Great geographical differences in adequacy of prenatal care were observed throughout the Island. Prenatal care varies considerably among different population subgroups. Inadequate prenatal care was more frequent among adolescent, unwed and high parity mothers as well as among those of the lowest socio-economic strata. Furthermore, these groups had the highest proportion of low birthweight babies and their offsprings, the highest mortality rates. The statistical evidence obtained from this study suggests that this is in part due to the inadequate prenatal care received by these mothers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Not Available].

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Demography↗