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Biomedical subjects

J L Wennström

Publications and source records attributed to J L Wennström.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Relative effectiveness of powered and manual toothbrushes in elderly patients with implant-supported mandibular overdentures.

AIM: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical effectiveness of a powered toothbrush (Braun Oral-B Plaque Remover 3-D) and a manual soft toothbrush (Oral-B Squish-grip brush) for the control of supragingival plaque and soft tissue inflammation around implants supporting mandibular overdentures. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study sample involved 40 edentulous subjects, aged 55-80 years, having 2 unsplinted mandibular implants supporting a complete removable overdenture opposed by a maxillary complete denture. In this single-blinded, randomised, cross-over clinical trial, two 6-week experimental phases were separated by a 2-week wash-out period. 2 weeks prior to each experimental phase (pre-entry visits), implant abutments were polished to remove all plaque and a standardised instruction in the use of the toothbrush was given. Modified plaque and bleeding indices were recorded at the start and end of each experimental period. Mean index scores at each phase were analysed using paired t-test, and the mean number of sites showing a change in plaque or mucositis were compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Combined data from 2 different implant systems were considered after controlling for implant type. RESULTS: Only minor changes in plaque and bleeding scores were observed following the two test periods. There were no statistically significant differences between the manual and powered toothbrushes. CONCLUSION: Manual and powered brushes were found to be of comparable efficacy with regard to improvement in peri-implant bleeding and plaque indices.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Utilisation of locally delivered doxycycline in non-surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis. A comparative multi-centre trial of 2 treatment approaches.

AIM: In the present 6-month multicentre trial, the outcome of 2 different approaches to non-surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis, both involving the use of a locally delivered controlled-release doxycycline, was evaluated. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 105 adult patients with moderately advanced chronic periodontitis from 3 centres participated in the trial. Each patient had to present with at least 8 periodontal sites in 2 jaw quadrants with a probing pocket depth (PPD) of > or =5 mm and bleeding following pocket probing (BoP), out of which at least 2 sites had to be > or =7 mm and a further 2 sites > or =6 mm. Following a baseline examination, including assessments of plaque, PPD, clinical attachment level (CAL) and BoP, careful instruction in oral hygiene was given. The patients were then randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups: scaling/root planing (SRP) with local analgesia or debridement (supra- and subgingival ultrasonic instrumentation without analgesia). The "SRP" group received a single episode of full-mouth supra-/subgingival scaling and root planing under local analgesia. In addition, at a 3-month recall visit, a full-mouth supra-/subgingival debridement using ultrasonic instrumentation was provided. This was followed by subgingival application of an 8.5% w/w doxycycline polymer at sites with a remaining PPD of > or =5 mm. The patients of the "debridement" group were initially subjected to a 45-minute full-mouth debridement with the use of an ultrasonic instrument and without administration of local analgesia, and followed by application of doxycycline in sites with a PPD of > or =5 mm. At month 3, sites with a remaining PPD of > or =5 mm were subjected to scaling and root planing. Clinical re-examinations were performed at 3 and 6 months. RESULTS: At 3 months, the proportion of sites showing PPD of < or =4 mm was significantly higher in the "debridement" group than in the "SRP" group (58% versus 50%; p<0.05). The CAL gain at 3 months amounted to 0.8 mm in the "debridement" group and 0.5 mm in the "SRP" group (p=0.064). The proportion of sites demonstrating a clinically significant CAL gain (> or =2 mm) was higher in the "debridement" group than in the "SRP" group (38% versus 30%; p<0.05). At the 6-month examination, no statistically significant differences in PPD or CAL were found between the two treatment groups. BoP was significantly lower for the "debridement" group than for the "SRP" group (p<0.001) both at 3- and 6 months. The mean total treatment time (baseline and 3-month) for the "SRP" patients was 3:11 h, compared to 2:00 h for the patients in the "debridement" group (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The results indicate that simplified subgingival instrumentation combined with local application of doxycycline in deep periodontal sites can be considered as a justified approach for non-surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Root-dentin sensitivity following non-surgical periodontal treatment.

BACKGROUND, AIMS: Little clinical data exist on the incidence and severity by which root dentin sensitivity (RDS) results from periodontal therapy. The aim of the present clinical trial was to study the degree to which a sample of patients requiring non-surgical periodontal treatment develops RDS. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Alterations in RDS was followed in 35 patients (29-65 years of age) requiring non-surgical treatment for moderate to advanced periodontal disease. Inclusion criteria for participation were need for periodontal treatment in at least 2 quadrants comprising a minimum of 4 teeth with vital pulps, no open caries lesions, no dental treatment in the last 3 months and no ongoing treatment for RDS. Baseline and follow-up recordings included responses of teeth to pain stimuli (directed compressed air) at buccal surfaces as graded by the patient on a 10-cm visual analogue scale (VAS). Periodontal therapy consisted of oral hygiene instruction (OH) followed by supra- and subgingival scaling/root planing by hand and ultrasonic instrumentation of one quadrant per each of the subsequent weeks. Thus, follow-up data included pain assessment after 1-3 weeks of OH alone, and 1-4 weeks post-instrumentation. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant reduction in mean VAS scoring over time in quadrants where only meticulous plaque control had been maintained, while VAS mean values increased significantly after instrumentation (p<0.001). Also the % of subjects reporting higher mean VAS values increased after instrumentation. Changes in mean VAS scores were generally moderate and only 9 patients gave an increase on VAS of >2 cm for 3 or more teeth. A statistically significantly higher increase of RDS was observed for initially sensitive teeth (VAS>0) than for teeth not responding at baseline (p<0.001). Although a reduction in the intensity of RDS could be noticed during the later phase of the 4-week follow-up period after scaling and root planing, the percentage of sensitive teeth remained unchanged. CONCLUSION: The data confirm that meticulous plaque control will diminish RDS problems and that scaling and root planing procedures in periodontal therapy result in an increase of teeth that respond to painful stimuli. However, pain experiences in general appeared minor and only a few teeth in a few patients developed highly sensitive root surfaces following instrumentation.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Periodontal treatment decisions for molars: an analysis of influencing factors and long-term outcome.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this retrospective study was 1) to analyze factors influencing the treatment decision for periodontitis-affected molars and 2) to evaluate the long-term outcome of the decision. The treatment alternatives included in the analysis were maintenance of the tooth with only non-surgically/surgically performed scaling/root planing with or without furcation plasty, root separation/resection, and tooth extraction. METHODS: Data collected from a total of 1,313 first and second molars in 222 patients (mean age 45 years; range 14 to 73 years), referred for periodontal treatment, were analyzed with respect to treatment decisions for furcation-involved teeth. The patients had been examined with respect to oral hygiene status, gingival conditions, probing depth, furcation involvement, and radiographic bone height before and after active periodontal treatment. Frequencies, mean values and standard deviations were calculated for the various variables assessed. Multiple regression models were formulated in order to analyze the influence of various variables on treatment decisions. One-hundred and sixty (72%) of the patients agreed to participate in a follow-up examination to determine the clinical and radiographic status of the molars 8 to 12 years after the active phase of treatment for evaluation of the long-term outcome of the treatment decision. RESULTS: Twenty-eight percent of the molars were extracted and 4% were root separated/resected. Factors found to significantly influence the decision of tooth extraction were tooth mobility, tooth position, lack of occlusal antagonism, degree of furcation involvement, and remaining bone support. Of the factors analyzed with respect to root separation/resection, molar position and degree of furcation involvement showed the strongest influence on the treatment decision. The 8- to 12-year follow-up examination revealed that 96% of the molars subjected to non-resective therapy were still in function. The corresponding figure for root separated/resected molars was 89%. Loss of radiographic bone support during the 10-year follow-up period was 0.1 to 0.6 mm for the various molars with the highest value for maxillary second molars. CONCLUSIONS: A conservative approach to the treatment of molars with even deep furcation invasions may show a high long-term success rate, provided maintenance care is offered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Implant supported single-tooth replacements compared to contralateral natural teeth. Crown and soft tissue dimensions.

The aim of this study was to make a comparative evaluation of crown and soft tissue dimensions between implant-supported single-tooth replacements and the contralateral natural tooth. Twenty patients, who had been treated with an implant-supported single-tooth replacement in the esthetic zone of the maxillary jaw and had i) a non-restored contralateral natural tooth and ii) completed the implant-supported crown restoration at least 6 months prior to the scheduled follow-up examination, were included in the study. At the re-examination various variables describing crown form, soft tissue dimensions and soft tissue conditions were assessed. In addition, the patient's overall satisfaction with the esthetic outcome of the implant-supported single crown was scored using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). In 12 of the subjects clinical photographs were available from the time of crown insertion for evaluation of longitudinal alterations of the papilla height. The results revealed that, in comparison to the contralateral natural crown, the implant supported crown i) was longer, ii) had a smaller facio-lingual width, iii) was bordered by a thicker facial mucosa, iv) had a lower height of the distal papilla, v) showed a higher frequency of mucositis and bleeding on probing and vi) showed greater probing depths. The longitudinal evaluation of the papillae adjacent to the implant crown showed an improved proximal soft tissue fill at the follow-up examination. The VAS scoring of the patients' satisfaction with the appearance of their single implant-supported restorations revealed a median value of 96% with a range from 70 to 100%. Hence, observed differences in clinical crown height and soft tissue topography between implant-supported single-tooth replacements and the contralateral natural tooth may in most patients be of minor importance for the appreciation of the esthetic outcome of implant therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Treatment of periodontal disease in older adults.

The literature does not indicate that older adults differ from younger individuals in their response to periodontal treatment. However, in older adults, it is more common to find compromised general conditions that may negatively affect the patient's ability to maintain an adequate standard of self-performed plaque control. Although this can be compensated for partly by a carefully designed program for supportive therapy, the prevention and/or elimination of clinical signs of periodontal inflammation may not always be a reachable goal of periodontal therapy in older adults, particularly in those who are frail and functionally dependent. For many patients, a more realistic goal may be the control of disease progression in order to preserve a functional and comfortable dentition throughout life and hence, the decision making process regarding therapeutic levels for the individual patient must include factors such as the amount of remaining periodontal support, the risk for disease progression, demands for oral health and life expectancy.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Impact of endodontic conditions on marginal bone loss.

This study was undertaken to examine the extent to which the marginal alveolar bone may be influenced by the condition of the dental pulp. A total of 115 pairs of contralateral teeth were observed in 87 patients (25 to 45 years old) in which the test tooth, but not the control tooth, was either endodontically treated or not treated but with a periapical radiolucency. The distance from the cemento-enamel junction to the marginal bone level was measured using intraoral radiographs. The condition of the endodontic filling, the periapical status, and the presence of root canal post were also assessed. With clinical parameters similar between teeth in the two groups in terms of visible plaque, bleeding on probing, probing depth, and attachment level, the results showed a somewhat (mean value 0.1 mm; SD 0.7) larger reduction of the alveolar bone support in test than control teeth. This difference was not statistically significant on a patient level. Hence, this study failed to demonstrate a correlation between a reduced marginal bone support and endodontic status.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Mucogingival considerations in orthodontic treatment.

Alterations in the mucogingival complex will occur during orthodontic tooth movement, but these are independent of the apico-coronal width (height) of the gingiva. The integrity of the periodontium can be maintained during orthodontic therapy also in areas that have only a minimal zone of gingiva. In terms of changes in the position of the soft tissue margin and in gingival dimensions, the important factors to consider are the direction of the tooth movement and the bucco-lingual thickness of the gingiva. Lingual tooth movement will result in an increased bucco-lingual thickness of the tissue at the facial aspect of the tooth which results in coronal migration of the soft tissue margin (decreased clinical crown height). Facial tooth movement, on the other hand, will result in a reduced bucco-lingual tissue thickness and thereby a reduced height of the free gingival portion and an increased clinical crown height. The risk for development of recession type defects in conjunction with orthodontic tooth movement is present only if the tooth has been moved out of the alveolar bone housing, ie, when an alveolar bone dehiscence has been created.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Recession of the soft tissue margin at oral implants. A 2-year longitudinal prospective study.

The aim of this study was to longitudinally evaluate alterations in the position of the periimplant soft tissue margin, occurring during a 2-year period after insertion of fixed prostheses. 41 patients, subjected to treatment with partial or full-arch implant supported fixed prostheses based on a total of 163 standard Brånemark oral implants, were included in the study. A baseline examination was performed at time of insertion of the prosthetic construction and involved assessments of plaque, mucositis, probing depth, bleeding on probing marginal soft tissue level, width of masticatory mucosa and marginal soft tissue mobility. All patients were re-examined after 6 months, and after 1 and 2 years, respectively. A regression analysis was performed to evaluate if alterations, occurring in the position of the periimplant soft tissue margin during the 2 years, could be predicted by various variables recorded at time of the installation of the fixed prosthesis. The descriptive analysis showed a slight decrease in mean probing depth (0.2 mm) and width of masticatory mucosa (0.3 mm) during the follow-up period. Apical displacement of the soft tissue margin mainly took place during the first 6 months of observation. Lingual sites in the mandible showed the most pronounced soft tissue recession, decrease of probing depth, and decrease of width of masticatory mucosa. The statistical analysis revealed that lack of masticatory mucosa and mobility of the periimplant soft tissue at time of bridge installation were poor predictors of soft tissue recession occurring during the 2 years of follow-up, but indicated in greater amount of recession in women than men, in the mandible than in the maxilla, at lingual than at facial sites and with increased initial probing depth. It was suggested that the recession of the periimplant soft tissue margin mainly may be the result of a remodelling of the soft tissue in order to establish "appropriate biological dimensions" of the periimplant soft tissue barrier, i.e., the required dimension of epithelial-connective tissue attachment in relation to the faciolingual thickness of the supracrestal soft tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Long-term follow-up of cross-arch fixed partial dentures in patients with advanced periodontal destruction: evaluation of occlusion and subjective function.

The study aimed to investigate occlusal factors in fixed partial dentures (FPDs) still in service for more than 10 years, and to assess the patients' opinions regarding oral function with these constructions. Thirty-four patients with 43 FPDs were examined clinically concerning occlusion and by means of a questionnaire on functional aspects. The most common occlusal contact pattern was group function (51% on both sides, 7% on one side) while canine protected occlusion was recorded in 16% on both sides, 7% on one side. Balanced occlusion (19%) was mainly found when the FPD occluded against a complete denture and when there were few abutments and a small amount of abutment supporting tissue. The number and intensity of the occlusal contacts were assessed by means of thin occlusal sheets (50 microns). On average, one occlusal contact was observed on each dental unit with antagonist. The average number of sheets that could be introduced between the antagonists when the patient bit hard in the intercuspal position was two without significant differences between different areas (anterior/posterior) or type of dental unit (abutment, pontics, cantilever section). In the cantilever sections there were looser contacts (more interocclusal sheets) more distally. The great majority of patients were satisfied with the function of their FPDs (mastication, phonetics, aesthetics, comfort, and hygiene). Subjective function was not significantly influenced by FPD design, occlusal factors or number of FPD units. The only significant difference observed was that patients with a small amount of supporting tissues said they had more difficulties with hard foods than the others had. Although a stable occlusion was found in all FPDs, none of the other occlusal parameters examined were related to the long-term results.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Immunohistological characteristics of periodontal lesions associated with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans infections.

In this study, various phenotypes of infiltrating cells in the periodontium adjacent to pockets harboring Porphyromonas gingivalis and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans were evaluated. Furthermore, the pattern of class II antigen expression in the periodontal tissues was determined. Eight lesions were associated with the presence of P. gingivalis and 12 with A. actinomycetemcomitans. Predominant cells in the inflammatory infiltrate were T- and B-cells. In most biopsies T-cells dominated over B-cells. The proportion of P. gingivalis, but not of A. actinomycetemcomitans, was positively correlated to the total number of infiltrating cells in the tissue. A. actinomycetemcomitans sites demonstrated somewhat lower proportions of CD3+, CD4+ and CD19+ cells than P. gingivalis sites. However, the tendency of decreasing CD4+/CD8+ ratio with increasing number of A. actinomycetemcomitans indicates a local imbalance in immunoregulation. The frequency of class II antigen expression of both mononuclear and epithelial cells, a sign of immunological activation, was generally high.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Increased gingival dimensions. A significant factor for successful outcome of root coverage procedures? A 2-year prospective clinical study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether an increased thickness of the gingiva through the use of a free connective tissue graft, in conjunction with a coronally advanced flap procedure, may positively influence the treatment outcome with respect to (i) root coverage and (ii) long-term stability of the position of the soft tissue margin following treatment of recession type defects. 67 consecutive patients having a total of 103 buccally located recession type defects of at least 3 mm were included in the study. After an initial phase of prophylaxis including instructions in a tooth brushing technique giving minimal apically directed forces to the gingival margin, the recession sites were surgically covered with a coronally advanced flap alone (control sites), or coronally advanced flap combined with a free connective tissue graft taken from the palate (test sites). Clinical examinations, including assessments of oral hygiene, gingival conditions, recession depth, gingival height, probing pocket depth and probing attachment loss, were performed before and 6, 12 and 24 months after surgical treatment. The mean initial recession depth for both treatment groups was about 4.0 mm (SD 1.0) with a gingival height apical to the recession of 1.0 mm (0.5). At the re-examination performed 6 months after surgical treatment, the mean recession depth had decreased to 0.2 mm in both the test and control groups. Complete root coverage was observed at 72% of the test sites and 74% of the control teeth. At teeth treated with the combined surgical procedure, the mean gain in probing attachment amounted to 3.7 mm and the mean gingival height had increased to 3.5 mm (0.6). The corresponding figures for control teeth were 3.6 mm and 1.5 mm (0.5), respectively. At the 24-month follow-up examination, the mean root coverage amounted to 98.9% (test) and 97.1% (control). 88% of the teeth in the test group showed complete root coverage compared to 80% for teeth in the control group. It was concluded that the 2 surgical procedures resulted in similar degree of root coverage and that changes of tooth brushing habits may be of greater importance than increased gingival thickness for long-term maintenance of the surgically established position of the soft tissue margin.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Prevalence of furcation involvements in patients referred for periodontal treatment.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of furcation-involved molars in a patient sample referred for periodontal treatment. A total of 222 patients aged, 14-73 years (mean age 45 years), and with signs of destructive periodontal disease in at least 2 quadrants of the dentition were included in the study. The clinical examination involved assessments of oral hygiene status, gingival conditions, probing pocket depth and presence/degree of furcation involvement. In addition, a full mouth intraoral radiographic examination was performed. The results revealed that 4% of the patients presented with all 12 molars, while 3% had lost all molars. 52% of the individuals had at least 8 molars; 95% of subjects < 30 years of age and 19% in the age 60+ years. In patients aged > or = 40 years, every 2nd molar showed advanced periodontal destruction in the furcation area. The prevalence of furcation involved molars was higher in the maxilla than in the mandible. From the age of 30 years, about 50% of the 1st and 2nd molars in the maxilla showed at least 1 furcation site with deep involvement, while in the mandible a similar prevalence was observed first after the age of 40 years. The highest frequency of furcation involvement was found at the distal site of the maxillary 1st molar (53%), and the mesial aspects of the maxillary 2nd molar showed the lowest frequency (20%). Furcation sites with a probeable trunk region were observed at a frequency of 17-22% at the various tooth sites. It was concluded that tooth morphology may be an important factor that accounts for the variability in prevalence of molar furcation involvement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Acute-phase proteins and immunoglobulin G against Porphyromonas gingivalis in peri-implant crevicular fluid: a comparison with gingival crevicular fluid.

This investigation had 2 aims: 1) to determine the levels of acute-phase proteins and immunoglobulin G (IgG) against Porphyromonas gingivalis in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) and their association with the clinical condition of the peri-implant mucosa; and 2) to compare the inflammatory and immunological responses at implants and teeth as reflected by the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and PICF levels of acute-phase proteins and immunoglobulins. Thirty-one partially edentulous subjects were recruited for this study. PICF was sampled from 1 healthy and 1 inflamed site from each patient; GCF was sampled from an additional 21 healthy and 27 inflamed tooth sites of the same patients. GCF and PICF were collected with paper strips (for 30 s) and analysed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for alpha 2-macroglobulin, alpha 1-antitrypsin, transferrin, lactoferrin and IgG against P. gingivalis. This investigation demonstrated that the absolute amounts of the acute-phase proteins and IgG against P. gingivalis are higher in GCF and PICF from inflamed than healthy sites. No significant differences were observed between PICF and GCF components at either healthy or inflamed sites, suggesting that inflammatory and immune events are similar in the peri-implant mucosa and gingiva in humans and that PICF and GCF production is governed by similar mechanisms.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1995

Long-term follow-up of cross-arch fixed partial dentures in patients with advanced periodontal destruction. Evaluation of the supporting tissues.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the periodontal conditions in patients treated more than 10 years ago for advanced periodontal disease and rehabilitated with cross-arch fixed partial dentures (FPDs). Of 50 randomly selected patients, 34 subjects carrying 43 FPDs agreed to participate in a clinical and radiographic follow-up examination. The FPDs were divided into three groups on the basis of prosthesis design (end abutments, unilateral cantilever, and bilateral cantilevers) and amount of supporting tissues at the time of bridge installation. Seventy per cent of the FPDs were found to be unchanged, whereas the rest had been modified due to various complications leading to extraction of one or more of the abutment teeth. Six FPDs (14%) had been partially replaced by FPDs anchored to osseointegrated dental implants. A total of 21 (8%) of the original 274 abutment teeth had been extracted. Longitudinal changes in the amount of periodontal support were minimal over the average of 15 years of follow-up. FPD design or initial amount of supporting tissues was found not to have significant influence on longitudinal changes in periodontal conditions. It was concluded that combined periodontal and prosthodontic treatment of patients with advanced loss of periodontal support may provide a high rate of long-term successful outcome, provided proper adequate periodontal and prosthetic treatment and maintenance care are given.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

The influence of the masticatory mucosa on the peri-implant soft tissue condition.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the soft tissue conditions at osseo-integrated oral implants in relation to the width of masticatory mucosa. Thirty-nine patients who had received a full-arch fixed bridge reconstruction > or = 10 years ago or a partial reconstruction > or = 5 years ago on a total of 171 implants ad modum Brånemark were included in the study. The examinations involved assessments of plaque, gingivitis, bleeding on probing, probing depth, width of masticatory mucosa and marginal tissue mobility. Simple correlation analysis as well as multiple regression analysis were performed to evaluate relationships between recorded parameters. The results showed that 24% of the sites were lacking masticatory mucosa, and an additional 13% of the implants had a width of less than 2 mm. Mobility of the facial marginal soft tissue, i.e., lack of an attached portion of masticatory mucosa, was observed at 61% of all implants. No major differences in the clinical parameters examined were found between sites with and without an "adequate" width of masticatory mucosa. Multiple regression analyses revealed that neither the width of masticatory mucosa nor the mobility of the border tissue had a significant influence on (i) the standard of plaque control or (ii) the health condition of the peri-implant mucosa, as determined by bleeding on probing. Hence, the study failed to support the concept that the lack of an attached portion of masticatory mucosa may jeopardize the maintenance of soft tissue health around dental implants.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The prevalence and distribution of gingival recession in subjects with a high standard of oral hygiene.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and the development/progression of attachment loss and gingival recession at buccal tooth surfaces in a population sample with a high standard of oral hygiene. An additional aim was to study the relationship between attachment loss and gingival recession. The subject sample examined comprised 225 regular dental care attendants at 12 community dental clinics in Sweden. All subjects were subjected to a baseline examination in 1977-78 and were re-examined after 5 years and 12 years. The clinical examinations involved assessment of plaque, gingivitis, probing depth, probing attachment loss and gingival recession. A full-mouth set of intraoral radiographs was obtained at each examination and used for determination of the height of periodontal bone support. The results of the cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses performed showed that in subjects with a high standard of oral hygiene (i) buccal gingival recession was a frequent finding, (ii) the proportion of subjects with recession increased with age, (iii) the prevalence as well as the incidence of recessions within the dentition showed different patterns depending on age, (iv) sites with recession showed susceptibility for additional apical displacement of the gingival margin and (v) loss of approximal periodontal support was associated with gingival recession at the buccal surface.

Adolescent↗