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Biomedical subjects

J L Wiley

Publications and source records attributed to J L Wiley.

59 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Effects of phencyclidine-like drugs on punished behavior in rats.

The effects of phencyclidine (PCP) and a number of PCP-like drugs on punished responding in rats were compared to those of chlordiazepoxide and morphine. Twenty rats, trained to lever-press for food reinforcement, were tested under a modified Geller-Seifter procedure using a multiple schedule with responding in one component reinforced under a fixed-interval 60-sec schedule while each response in the other component resulted in both food and brief electric shock presentation. Chlordiazepoxide, PCP, etoxadrol, (+)-N-allylnormetazocine and (-)-beta-cyclazocine all resulted in selective increases in rates of responding during the punishment component. Two drugs with predominant opiate-agonist actions in vivo, (-)-alpha-cyclazocine and morphine, did not increase punished responding at any dose tested. These results confirm previous research using pigeons that had shown antipunishment effects of PCP and provide further evidence for an overlap in the pharmacology of PCP-like drugs and depressant drugs such as barbiturates and benzodiazepines. The concordance between the discriminative stimulus properties and antipunishment effects of PCP-like drugs and actions at the PCP receptor suggests that the PCP receptor may play a role in both behavioral actions of this group of drugs.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Functional observational battery comparing effects of ethanol, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, ether, and flurothyl.

Several recent reports have demonstrated that acute solvent exposure in animals produces a profile of neurobehavioral effects similar to that of classical CNS depressant drugs such as the barbiturates and ethanol. The present investigation further delineated the behavioral pharmacology of three solvents [1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCE), ether, and flurothyl] using a functional observational battery (FOB) composed of 21 qualitative and quantitative measures of behavior. The profiles of acute effects produced by TCE and ether were similar to one another and similar to the profile of effects produced by the IP administration of ethanol. This profile of depressant effects included changes in posture, decreased arousal, disturbances in gait, decreased forelimb grip strength, increased landing foot splay, and impaired psychomotor coordination. Flurothyl exposure also produced dose-related effects on many of the measures in the FOB; however, unlike the depressant vapors, flurothyl did not affect measures of muscle tone and equilibrium such as forelimb grip strength and landing foot splay, or measures of sensorimotor reactivity, including the touch response and tail pinch response. In addition, flurothyl produced handling-induced convulsions in some mice. Recovery from the acute effects of these vapors was rapid and began within minutes of removal from the exposure chamber. These results provide further evidence that exposure to certain solvents produces a profile of reversible effects qualitatively similar to that produced by depressant drugs and alcohol, and that the FOB can be used to compare and contrast profiles of depressant and excitatory effects of inhalants.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR imaging of a spinal teratoma.

A benign intradural teratoma of the lumbar spine was studied with myelography, CT, magnetic resonance imaging, and histologic correlation. The tumor was composed of three portions (adipose tissue, neurofibrous tissue containing a large duct, and a keratinous cyst). Computed tomography distinguished the fat and the solid tissue from surrounding CSF but failed to differentiate the keratinous component of the mass. Magnetic resonance adequately demonstrated all three main components of the tumor.

Humans↗