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Biomedical subjects

J L Willms

Publications and source records attributed to J L Willms.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

A program to help interns cope with stresses in an internal medicine residency.

A program in personal and professional development for interns was developed six years ago for the residency program in internal medicine of the University of Connecticut Affiliated Hospitals to reduce maladaptive responses to the stresses of medical training. The principal goals of the program are to provide a supportive atmosphere in which interns can discuss common concerns, build mutual trust among themselves, promote deeper self-understanding and sensitivity, develop coping strategies, and examine difficult situations in training. Sessions are scheduled regularly throughout the year and take place outside the hospital; interns are excused from their service responsibilities for the duration of the meeting. Participants focus equally on issues of professional concern (for example, relationships with staff members, peers, and attending physicians or bureaucratic problems such as lack of ancillary help) and personal concern (for example, making necessary life-style adjustments and handling family crises). A variety of techniques are used in the program, but small-group discussions and individual tasks are particularly emphasized. Participants have generally reported satisfaction with the program and positive effects upon their behavior at work and at home.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1981

Preventing dental caries.

Since most children do not see a dentist until age three, family physicians have the opportunity to initiate proper dental care and thus reduce the incidence of dental caries. In addition to oral hygiene and dietary modification, optimal fluoride ingestion in the first few years of life produces lifelong resistance to dental caries. Knowledge of the pathology of dental caries and use of appropriate fluoride dosages enables the family physician to apply a highly effective preventive regimen in daily practice.

Child↗
PubMed1980

Resident physician performance in a continuing education format. Does newly acquired knowledge improve patient care?

As part of an educational program in preventive dentistry for family medicine residents, we evaluated changes in systemic fluoride prescribing habits related to newly acquired knowledge. Residents, unaware of the study, were randomly assigned to one of two groups and shown a videotape describing preventive dental techniques. We supplemented the tape viewed by one group with specific instructions explaining the implementation of the information in patient care. Residents in both groups demonstrated the ability to learn and maintain their level of knowledge during a three-month period. Daily chart audits, however, revealed no substantial increase in correct prescribing of systemic fluoride to pediatric patients for either group. Only subsequent individual monitoring and reinforcement achieved the desired behavior. The acquisition of new knowledge by resident physicians under these circumstances did not lead to its application in daily patient care. This result parallels reported difficulties in altering physician behavior by continuing medical education, and suggests that residency programs are an appropriate setting to initiate improved physician performance in response to acquired knowledge.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Social and psychological aspects of illness--past and present.

As industrialization and automation spread in the workplace in the 19th century and economic needs shifted, one major cultural response was to redefine the nature of women as fragile physically, intellectually inferior, and too emotionally unstable to stand the rigors of the workplace. These views persist today, as women are back in the workforce in numbers higher than ever. The elements in society, home, and workplace that contribute to absenteeism, poor or inconsistent performance, and depression among women are reviewed. This chapter reviews the historical events in the saga of women in the workplace and analyzes the contemporary status of those who are striving toward better work environments and greater occupational health for women workers.

Female↗