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Biomedical subjects

J Lévy

Publications and source records attributed to J Lévy.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Angioplasty or surgery in the patient with multivessel disease].

The aims of myocardial revascularisation are to treat angina, reduce ischaemia and improve life expectancy. Patients with multivessel disease have a poor prognosis, especially when the lesions are proximal, when the preseptal left anterior descending artery is involved and when left ventricular dysfunction is present. In this particular group of patients, coronary bypass surgery has been shown to improve 10 year survival. Coronary angioplasty has been compared with surgical treatment in many clinical trials. The medium-term survival is the same in both groups, but with a higher number of repeat procedures except in diabetic patients in whom mortality is higher after angioplasty. The use of coronary stents should reduce the number of post-angioplasty procedures. Constant technical improvements, the introduction of surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass, combined revascularisation procedures, new antiplatelet drugs, the absence of long-term comparative results, all this results in a personalized choice of revascularisation procedure based on the overall clinical and angiography features of each particular case.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
PubMed1998

[Contraceptive behavior of young Latin-American adults living in Montreal].

Recent research on the contraceptive practices of Hispanics adolescents living in Latin America and the United-States indicates that their practices are inadequate. However, contraceptive practices can vary according to levels of traditionalism and acculturation. In order to verify these hypotheses, the contraceptive behaviors of a group of 114 young adults from both genders of Hispanic origin were evaluated. Results indicate that half of the participants did not use any contraceptive method during the first intercourse and that condoms were the most common method. Contrary to American results, acculturation levels were not significant in contraceptive use. Degree of traditionalism in sexual roles was more significant.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Complications of silastic implants used in orbital repair].

Several questions concerning the material to be used for surgical repair of fractures of the orbit are still under debate. Surgeons may choose between autologous or heterologous grafts or different biomaterials. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 137 patients treated in our unit for fractures of the floor of the orbit over the last 20 years who received a silastic implant. After 20 years, the rate of complications requiring removal of the implant was 13.8%. Complications observed were dacryocystitis, implant migration to the skin and the maxillary sinus, skin fistula, persistent diplopia, communication between the orbit and the sinus, periorbit cellulitis.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1994

Comparison of the effects of calcipotriol, prednicarbate and clobetasol 17-propionate on normal skin assessed by ultrasound measurement of skin thickness.

In this study, we investigated the effect of calcipotriol, prednicarbate and clobetasol 17-propionate on skin thickness over a treatment period of 6 weeks. The study was conducted as a controlled, randomized, double-blind comparison. The influence of these drugs on normal skin under occlusive conditions was assessed visually and by measuring skin thickness using 20 MHz B mode ultrasound. Both topically applied glucocorticosteroids lead to a significant decrease in skin thickness. In contrast to the glucocorticosteroid-induced atrophy, calcipotriol application on normal skin leads to an increase in skin thickness in all volunteers. The effect remains constant for the duration of treatment. The cause of this increase seems to be an irritative reaction of the skin which was histologically investigated in one volunteer. The histological features of this reaction are characteristic for a subacute dermatitis. The implications of these findings for the therapeutic mechanism of calcipotriol are discussed.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1984

[Short-term obstetrical anesthesia. Study of the tiapride-ketamine combination].

Minor surgical procedures do not always require hospitalisation for several days. The use of short-acting anaesthetic agents should make such procedures possible on an ambulatory basis. A study was undertaken of the combination of tiapride and ketamine in 97 women seen in the department of obstetrics for therapeutic abortion or biopsy-curettage. The drug combination was satisfactory in the great majority of cases. It is sufficiently analgesic for surgery of this type. The minimal level of narcosis ensures rapid recovery without any subsequent falling asleep again. The psychomotor agitation caused by ketamine is counteracted by the doses of tiapride used. Only vomiting may be felt to be too frequent. Nevertheless, this occurred in women who were fully awake and had no major consequences.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1982

Microencapsulation III: Preparation of invertase microcapsules.

Invertase was incorporated into polyamide microcapsules. The following parameters were studied: pH of the aqueous phase during interfacial polymerization; duration of the polymerization; surfactant concentration; stirring rate; improvements in the isolation procedure; effect of lyophilization. The inactivation of the encapsulated enzyme by pepsin was shown to be related to the acidic incubation medium and prompted incorporation of protective proteins in the microcapsules. This process allowed relative protection of the enzyme. In a second set of experiments, an emulsification-reticulation method was developed, which encapsulated invertase in a cross-linked protein. Various proteins and bifunctional acylating agents were tested. Microcapsules of immobilized invertase were prepared through cross-linking of the enzyme protein itself.

Capsules↗
PubMed1982

Microencapsulation IV: Cross-linked hemoglobin microcapsules.

Hemoglobin microcapsules were prepared through cross-linking of hemoglobin itself with various acyldichlorides. Variations in the reticulation conditions were preformed in order to ameliorate the oxygen dissociation curve, the mean diameter, and the possibility for the microcapsules to be lyophilized. With terephthaloylchloride, as the cross-linking agent, incorporation of inositol hexaphosphate and glucose, followed by stabilization through glutaraldehyde and using high stirring speed, allowed preparation of stable hemoglobin microcapsules, 5 micrometers in diameter, which suffered rapid lysis by proteases. They were able to ensure oxygen transfer: the dissociation curve was sigmoidal with a p50 = 13 mm Hg. They retained these properties after lyophilization followed by rehydration.

Capsules↗
PubMed1978

[Neurological disorders and perhexiline maleate therapy. Clinical study of 10 cases. Neuropathological, pharmacocinetic and biochemical studies (author's transl)].

Ten new cases of perhexiline induced peripheral neuropathies are reported. The authors emphasize the possible association of other neurological disorders: cerebellar symptoms in one case, complex tremor in two other cases, marked decrease of photomotor reflexes in one case and disgeusia in another one. The pharmacocinetic study of 4 cases revealed the presence of a low metabolism of the drug in one of them. Polymorphous inclusions have been seen in Schwann cell and endothelial cell cytoplasm in the three patients with electron microscopic study of the nerves. The pathological study of one case showed the demyelination of spinal cord posterior columns. In another case, who died from hepatic coma, the biochemical study of cerebral lipids revealed the low values of cerebrosides and sulfatides in cerebellum and cerebral white matter.

Cerebellar Diseases↗