Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Lötterle.
Genotype and allele frequencies for the 5 PCR-based genetic markers LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8 and GC were determined in a North Bavarian population (n = 150) using a new multiplex PCR-amplification and typing kit. Results did not diverge from Hardy-Weinberg expectations.
A simple and practical method of detecting AHSG using isoelectric focusing on dry gels is described. The procedure is both rapid and provides reliable results. AHSG phenotypes were determinated in 215 unrelated individuals from Northern Bavaria. The allele frequencies obtained were: AHSG*1 = 0.7139, AHSG*2 = 0.2697 and AHSG*3 = 0.0164.
Of 91 unselected forensic autopsy cases then lateral muscles of both eyes were prepared in stepped sections and examined for microscopical haemorrhages. During autopsy we payed attention to macroscopical haemorrhages. Microscopical haemorrhages were found in 12 cases mainly in suffication processes as in two cases of fulminant pulmonary embolism. In five of the examined cases we also found macroscopical hemorrhage, mainly with strangulation. According to our results till now, haemorrhage in ocular muscles are seen in the process of aspyxia; if this is protracted as in manual strangulation or strangulation by ligature, macroscopical haemorrhage may occur.
Under standardized conditions five subjects were submitted twice to a dose of alcohol of 1.1 g/kg. This dose was administered once between 7:15 and 7:45 am. and at a different day between 7:15 and 7:45 pm. The blood alcohol concentration curves in the morning and the evening differed significantly in peak and time elapsed until this value was reached. During the morning the peak averaged 32% higher than in the evening. In the morning it was reached after about 60 min and during evening after 110 min. The elimination rate was about the same. These results show that alcohol is significantly faster absorbed into the blood in the morning than during the evening. This could be explained by accelerated transport of uptaken alcohol into the bowels.
A micromethod based on the absorption elution technique was shown to be applicable to the detection of M and N blood groups of dried bloodstains on cotton cloth. Each antigen M and N was tested using two different types of antisera. Two hundred different bloodstains, stored up to six months, were analyzed. Conclusive results were obtained for M typing on 2.5-mm-long bloodstained threads. For N typing, some cross-reactivity of homozygous M stains with anti-N sera was observed. This may be explained by the structure of the M and N antigens on the red cell membrane.
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A micromethod was developed to allow the analysis of blood stains of minor size by the absorption elution technique. The individual absorption, washing, and elution steps were carried out in Beckman tubes containing 5 microliter antiserum. The final agglutination reaction was read through the inverted microscope in microtest plates regularly used for HLA typing. For this final reaction, 2-4 microliter eluate was incubated with 2,000 red blood cells suspended in 1 microliter saline and supplement. For the purpose of standardization, the intensity of agglutination in the microtest plate had to be defined. In comparison to the standard method (tube test and centrifugation), the proposed method proved to be slightly more sensitive with regard to the Rhesus and slightly less sensitive with regard to the AB0 system. With the proposed method very small traces could be successfully analyzed. Thus, two cotton threads 1 mm in length were sufficient for testing antigens A and B, and two cotton threads 2.5 mm in length were enough to detect an Rh antigen.
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Two methods for sampling inner ear fluid (a mixture of endolymph and perilymph) from corpses are described and compared. Using the classical method, a part of the petrous bone is chiselled out and, subsequently, a needle, attached to a 1-ml-syringe, is inserted through the oval foramen into the region of the utriculus. The inner ear fluid can then be removed. When the method proposed by Trela (1975) is applied, thin layers of the petrous crest are chiselled out until the common crus of the superior and posterior semi-circular becomes apparent. With a needle, attached to a 1-ml-syringe, the inner ear fluid can then be collected. The experiments show Trela's method to be simpler than the classical method. Moreover, only small amounts of inner ear fluid can be obtained by the latter technique. Trela's method is recommended for further studies on this fluid, which may be of forensic interest.
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