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J Lata

Publications and source records attributed to J Lata.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Protective effect of essential phospholipids on liver injury due to total parenteral nutrition].

OBJECTIVE: It is known that total parenteral nutrition (TPN) causes liver damage by various mechanisms and leads to an increase of transaminases and obstructional enzymes. From this aspect TPN can be considered an external factor which causes liver damage. In our investigation we wanted to find out whether parenteral administration of essential phospholipids (EPL) can have a protective effect on this damage. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Our investigation comprised 20 patients where TPN was indicated, usually on account of severe acute exacerbation of a non-specific inflammation of the gut. The patients were divided into two groups. Ten patients were treated by intravenous administration of essential phospholipids (Essentiale, Aventis), 50 mg every 6 hours for a period of two weeks. The control group comprised ten patients without hepatoprotection. The bilirubin, ALT, AST, GMT, ALP values were assessed before the initiation of the study, on the seventh and fourteenth day. The results were statistically processed by the paired and non-paired t-test. RESULTS: The baseline results of the mentioned tests did not differ significantly between groups. Bilirubin and AST did not change significantly during the investigation. In the control group we found, as compared with baseline values, a significantly increase of ALT on the seventh and fourteenth day, a significantly increase of GMT on the seventh and fourteenth day and a slight non-significant rise of ALP on the fourteenth day. In the ELP treated group, as compared with baseline values, a significant rise of ALT occurred on the fourteenth day. We did not observe a significant rise of GMT and ALP. Between the ELP treated and control group a significant increase of GMT and ALP occurred in the control group, the other values did not differ between groups. CONCLUSION: Parenteral EPL administration can have a favourable effect on liver damage caused by TPN, associated with cholestasis and biliary sludge. This conclusion can be hypothetically explained by improved bile fluidity and protection of the bile pole of the hepatocyte by essential phospholipids. Therefore their administration during TPN can be recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Transplantation of hepatocytes--present status and future perspectives].

Transplantation of hepatocytes as an alternative to the transplantation of the liver has been investigated since the 70s of the 20th century. Work on animal models confirmed that transplanted hepatocytes can survive, reproduce and compensate for missing liver functions, Recent clinical studies indicate that hepatocyte transplantation can also play its part in the treatment of acute liver failure, some inborn metabolic deficiencies and liver cirrhosis. In the acute liver failure, metabolic support by means of hepatocytes can help to overcome the period up to transplantation or regeneration of the liver. In the case of loss of a major fraction of the liver cells, transplanted hepatocytes may colonize the liver. the isolation of hepatocytes and procedure of transplantation proper are under control and the work focusing on the improvement of cell preservation is under way. Hepatocyte gene manipulation proves to be promising. The shortage of donors and the necessity of long-term immunosuppression represent the greatest problem. The article analyzes the basic principles of hepatocyte transplantation, the contemporary state of clinical application and further perspectives of research.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Uncommon case of a giant diaphragmatic hernia in a pregnant patient].

The authors submit an uncommon case of a true leftsided posterolateral (Bochdalek) hernia with the stomach, transverse colon and spleen in the hernial sac in a 25-year-old patient. They assume that the large hernation developed as a result of rupture of an already congenitally preformed hernial opening as a result of intraabdominally increased pressure during repeated pregnancies. The authors describe effective surgical solution of the case by laparoscopy from a transabdominal approach.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Principles of conservative treatment in chronic pancreatitis].

The authors summarize the principles of conservative treatment of chronic pancreatitis with special attention to treatment of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and pancreatic pain. They emphasize the principles of the rational administration of drugs with pancreatin, the position of analgesics, and other possible procedures, if medicamentous treatment fails. An outline of dietetic treatment is also given.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed2000

[The bioartificial liver--an alternative in the treatment of acute liver failure].

One of the therapeutic approaches in acute liver failure is the use of an artificial system replacing hepatic function--bioartificial liver. Its application is the most perspective in fulminant liver failure during preparation for transplantation of the liver (so-called bridge to transplantation) or in case of a non-functioning hepatic graft, and to reduce the mortality and morbidity of patients with acute liver failure where transplantation is not indicated or where a suitable graft was not found. The authors discuss briefly the construction of these systems, analyze different indications of treatment and its results, obscure questions and perspectives of further development.

Humans↗
PubMed2000

[Acute pancreatitis as the road to diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism].

The authors present the case of a 78-year-old female patient who was admitted on account of acute pancreatitis complicated by acute myocardial infarction. The authors detected in the patient a serum repeatedly high calcium levels and high levels of intact parathormone. Scintigraphic examination revealed marked foci in the middle of the neck at the level of the inferior pole of the thyroid gland. These examinations confirmed the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism. In view of the patient a serious condition, conservative treatment of hypercalcaemia and acute pancreatitis and myocardial infarction was started. The patient was released into domiciliary care after 40 days in hospital in a state of cardiopulmonary compensation, with cystic transformation of the pancreas and without signs of acute pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

[Chronic pancreatitis in endoscopic ultrasonography--analysis of newly diagnosed cases during a 28-month period].

Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is an imaging method visualising the entire pancreas by use of high-frequency ultrasound probes introduced into the close proximity of the pancreas. During the 38-month period, our clinic has examined 148 patients with the diagnostic conclusion of chronic pancreatitis. This diagnosis was newly assessed in 72 of them. Approximately one third of cases with chronic pancreatitis were in their early stages. Despite this fact, in 22% of them, the first manifestation of chronic pancreatitis was represented by biliary duct stenosis while in 15% of cases the stenosis was not caused by the presence of any focal process, but by diffuse inflammatory changes. This proportion is unusually high in comparison with literature data. (Tab. 5, Ref. 22.)

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Helicobacter pylori negative gastroduodenal lesions in subjects treated with NSAID].

The authors examined retrospectively the frequency of NSAID use by patients with gastroduodenal ulcer without HP. The objective was to evaluate whether the use of NSAID is the predominating factor in the development of ulceration in subjects with HP negative ulceration. The group comprised 525 patients with confirmed presence of H, incl. 52 who used NSAID. From the results ensues that the incidence of ulcerous lesions with HP negativity and NSAID medication is significantly higher than in subjects who use NSAID and suffer from a confirmed HP infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[An attack of malignant hyperthermia caused by a combination of the effects of succinylcholine, increased physical exertion and alcohol abuse].

The authors submit the case-history of a 29-year-old man, followed up on account of liver steatosis with a toxic-nutritional etiology who developed, after previous increased physical exertion and alcohol abuse, fever associated with major muscular weakness. Gradually he developed an amental delirious state which was evaluated as suspect delirium tremens. Fever of 40-41 degrees C continued, the patient developed muscular rigidity, tremor and hypotension. After intubation during which succinylcholine was administered, the patient's condition deteriorated further with a rise of temperature and muscular rigidity. The patient developed acute renal failure with anuria and the necessity of repeated haemodialyses and severe acidosis of the mixed type on account of which he was intubated and switched to artificial ventilation. According to the case-history clinical and laboratory picture of the disease (extremely high creatine kinase activity, hyperkalaemia, acidosis, hepatorenal failure) malignant hyperthermia was suspected. After a single intravenous injection of sodium dantrolene, 2.5 mg/kg, the temperature dropped and within 24 hours the patient was afebrile. Gradually the acidosis improved, the blood pressure became stabilized and artificial ventilation was no longer used. The patient was discharged after 34 days in hospital in a state of cardiopulmonary compensation with mild polyuria but without signs of retention of nitrogenous substances with sideropenic anaemia and marginal creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase values. Within one month after discharge the laboratory values reached normal levels and only slight muscular weakness and greater fatiguability persisted.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Drug therapy of esophageal varices hemorrhage in portal hypertension].

The author discusses the etiopathogenesis of portal hypertension and possibilities how to influence it during treatment of acute haemorrhage from varicosities and how to implement primary and secondary prevention. In treatment of acute haemorrhage the author recommends terlipresin, 1 mg every 4 hours. In primary and in particular in secondary prevention he emphasizes the necessity of early administration of beta-blockers.

Esophageal and Gastric Varices↗
PubMed1998

[Effect of octreotide on the clinical course of acute pancreatitis and levels of free oxygen radicals and antioxidants].

Twenty-one patients with a medium severe form of acute pancreatitis were divided into two groups. Eleven were treated with octreotide, 200 micrograms s.c. every 8 hours, combined with standard conservative treatment, 10 patients had the same treatment but without octreotide. In the octreotide-treated group the level of free oxygen radicals and important antioxidants--vitamins A, E and C--was assessed. In the octreotide-treated group the authors found after five days normal levels of originally elevated free oxygen radicals and a significant increase of the vitamin C level. As compared with the control group, in the octreotide group the period of hospitalization was significantly shorter (9.8 +/- 3.2 vs. 13.7 +/- 4.7). The number of complications was not affected.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1998

A rare foreign body impaction: a case report.

A case of unusual foreign body impaction of 6 years' duration is reported. The foreign body was retained in the right infraorbital region, extending to the ethmoid sinus. The importance of careful history taking and clinical examination and the problems encountered in evaluation of relatively radiolucent foreign bodies with magnetic resonance imaging are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Oral myiasis. A case report.

Myiasis is a disease commonly seen in animals, especially sheep and cattle. The condition is rare in man. A patient with a neglected fractured mandible with superimposed myiasis is reported.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Spontaneous ascites infections].

Spontaneous ascitic infection is a relatively frequent, serious and rarely diagnosed complication of cirrhotic ascitic. The author summarizes the classification of the disease and recommends to use term spontaneous ascitic infection instead of the narrower concept spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. He discusses the symptoms of the condition, its diagnosis and contemporary trends in treatment and prevention. He emphasizes in particular the necessity to consider this complication of cirrhosis, to diagnose it in time and treat it and thus to improve the prognosis of patients with cirrhosis and ascitic.

Ascites↗
PubMed1995

Unusual foreign bodies: three case reports.

Accidental incorporation of foreign bodies may cause bizarre and varied complications. The patient may remain asymptomatic for months or years, or an abscess or sinus may develop. Foreign bodies which cannot be seen on radiographs are usually difficult to detect. A detailed and careful history of the patient is of the utmost importance.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Anorexia nervosa--the views of the internist].

BACKGROUND: From the metabolic aspect anorexia nervosa is long-term incomplete starvation, sometimes interrupted by bulimic periods. Biochemical investigations reveal a differentiated protein catabolism, a decrease of protein carriers, enzymes, hormones, changes of minerals and their reserves, metabolic acidosis, a reduced plasma protein formation and other changes. As to psychic changes, behavioural abnormalities are found as well as altered attitudes and possibly also a more marked psychiatric symptomatology. The objective of the investigation was to test the extent and depth of metabolic changes and their possible improvement during intense metabolic care; permanent care of a clinical psychologist formed part of the treatment. METHODS AND RESULTS: In five patients, age 17-44 years, height 155-170 cm, body weight on admission 29-42 kg with the clinical diagnosis of anorexia nervosa the following most marked metabolic changes were revealed: a low basal energy expenditure (range 4367-5468 kJ) calculated for fasting (3057-3828 kJ), reduced energy reserves of sugars, fats and protein, reduced total protein values (48-68 g/l), serum albumin (25-39 g/l); prealbumin (0.13-0.29 g/l), transferrin (1.2-2.59 g/l) and total cholesterol (five of six values were either at the lower borderline of normal values or reduced). The urinary N output per 24 hours was increased. After complete parenteral nutrition for 3-9 days (energy load increased from 150-190 kJ/kg body weight, amino acids from 30 to 60 g/day, and 50-100 ml 20% Nutralipid/day) and possible supplements the weight increment was 1.5-1.7 kg after 18-57 days in hospital. Throughout the hospital stay the patients were looked after by a psychologist. After returning home two patients developed a relapse. CONCLUSIONS: Complete parenteral nutrition is an effective way of realimentation in anorexia nervosa. Psychological support is essential but it cannot prevent a relapse.

Adolescent↗