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Biomedical subjects

J Leavy

Publications and source records attributed to J Leavy.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Hysterosalpingocontrastsonography in clinical practice.

The aim of this study was to review the indication, source of referral and findings at hysterosalpingocontrastsonography (HyCoSy) of the first 100 patients referred for this new service in the gynaecological outpatients department of the Coombe Women's Hospital, Dublin. Of the first 100 women referred for HyCoSy, the indication for referral was investigation of infertility in 72%, recurrent miscarriage in 22% and other reasons in 6%. Sixty-four women were referred from general gynaecological clinics, 29 from the specialised infertility clinic and seven women were referred from other hospitals. The procedure was completed in 97% of cases and tubal patency successfully assessed in 95%. Saline hysterosonography was performed in 96 cases. Tubal assessment with Echovistt showed bilateral tubal patency in 73%, bilateral occlusion in 10% and unilateral patency in 12%. All women were discharged within 30 minutes of the procedure. We concluded that hysterosalpingocontrastsonography is an easily introduced, successful outpatient technique, which is well tolerated by women and provides clinically relevant information in women with infertility or recurrent miscarriage.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1995

Hypoxia-mediated induction of acidic/basic fibroblast growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor in mononuclear phagocytes stimulates growth of hypoxic endothelial cells.

Wound repair and tumor vascularization depend upon blood vessel growth into hypoxic tissue. Although hypoxia slows endothelial cell (EC) proliferation and suppresses EC basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) expression, we report that macrophages (MPs) exposed to PO2 approximately 12-14 torr (1 torr = 133.3 Pa) synthesize and release in a time-dependent manner platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and acidic/basic FGFs (a/bFGFs), which stimulate the growth of hypoxic ECs. Chromatography of hypoxic MP-conditioned medium on immobilized heparin with an ascending NaCl gradient resolved three peaks of mitogenic activity: activity of the first peak was neutralized by antibody to PDGF; activity of the second peak was neutralized by antibody to aFGF; and activity of the third peak was neutralized by antibody to bFGF. Metabolically labeled lysates and supernatants from MPs exposed to hypoxia showed increased synthesis and release of immunoprecipitable PDGF and a/bFGF in the absence of changes in cell viability. Possible involvement of a heme-containing oxygen sensor in MP elaboration of growth factors was suggested by the induction of bFGF and PDGF by normoxic MPs exposed to nickel or cobalt, although metabolic inhibitors such as sodium azide were without effect. These results suggest a paracrine model in which hypoxia stimulates MP release of PDGF and a/bFGF, inducing EC proliferation and potentially promoting angiogenesis in hypoxic environments.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Prolongation of the half-life of lactate after maximal exercise in patients with hepatic dysfunction.

Decreased hepatic clearance of exogenous sodium lactate has previously been demonstrated in patients with hepatic dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to obtain a more precise understanding of the rate of metabolic normalization or decrease of endogenously produced lactate in patients with hepatic cirrhosis. The differential kinetics of lactate metabolism are of clinical interest. Male volunteer patients with hepatic cirrhosis (n = 7), who had survived acute hospitalization, were compared to healthy age-matched males with normal liver function (n = 7). After arterial cannulation, bicycle ergometry was performed at a workload of 25 watts (W); the load was increased by increments of 25 W at 2-min intervals to maximum aerobic capacity. Lactate was measured in arterial blood before, at 4-min intervals during, and on a minimum of 11 occasions in the 30 to 70 min after exercise. The time interval during which lactate declined linearly to half its maximal concentration (Lt50) was graphically computed. The Lt50 was 34.8 +/- 4.5 min (mean +/- SEM) in the experimental group and 14.1 +/- 1.3 min in the control subjects (p less than .005). Lactate disappears from the bloodstream almost three times more slowly in patients with hepatic cirrhosis. The implication for interpretation of changes in lactate during circulatory shock in the presence of liver dysfunction is addressed.

Half-Life↗
PubMed1988

Angiographic progression of coronary artery disease and the development of myocardial infarction.

There are few data on angiographic coronary artery anatomy in patients whose coronary artery disease progresses to myocardial infarction. In this retrospective analysis, progression of coronary artery disease between two cardiac catheterization procedures is described in 38 patients: 23 patients (Group I) who had a myocardial infarction between the two studies and 15 patients (Group II) who presented with one or more new total occlusions at the second study without sustaining an intervening infarction. In Group I the median percent stenosis on the initial angiogram of the artery related to the infarct at restudy was significantly less than the median percent stenosis of lesions that subsequently were the site of a new total occlusion in Group II (48 versus 73.5%, p less than 0.05). In the infarct-related artery in Group I, only 5 (22%) of 23 lesions were initially greater than 70%, whereas in Group II, 11 (61%) of 18 lesions that progressed to total occlusion were initially greater than 70% (p less than 0.01). In Group I, patients who developed a Q wave infarction had less severe narrowing at initial angiography in the subsequent infarct-related artery (34%) than did patients who developed a non-Q wave infarction (80%) (p less than 0.05). Univariate and multivariate analysis of angiographic and clinical characteristics present at initial angiography in Group I revealed proximal lesion location as the only significant predictor of evolution of lesions greater than or equal to 50% to infarction. This retrospective study suggests that myocardial infarction frequently develops from previously nonsevere lesions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tissue regeneration in bony defects adjacent to immediately loaded titanium implants placed into extraction sockets: a study in dogs.

In this study of six greyhound mandibles, 24 implants were placed into extraction sockets. Eighteen of the implants were connected with abutments and immediately placed into normal function, and the remaining six submerged implants served as controls. At placement, dehiscence areas were created adjacent to 12 of the implants to study bone regeneration in extended membrane-protected defects. Six of the defects were covered with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membranes, and six of the defects were augmented with autologous bone grafts and covered with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene material. The clinical and radiographic evaluations demonstrated that all implants achieved functional osseointegration and no implants were lost. Implant sites where membranes were used to regenerate bone over dehiscence defects demonstrated a high rate of membrane exposure and variable response to treatment. On completion of the study at 16 weeks, histomorphometric analysis demonstrated osseointegration with direct bone-to-implant contact for all implants, although the percentage of contact varied considerably. Histomorphometry indicates that the quality of osseointegration may be less favorable than the clinical and radiographic result would suggest.

Alveolar Process↗