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Biomedical subjects

J Leon

Publications and source records attributed to J Leon.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Life-span determinants of work in retirement years.

This article presents the results of a path analysis to clarify the life-span determinants of work effort in postretirement years. It was found that personal and structural characteristics are different between a group of retirees who did not work in the three years after retirement and those that worked more than 300 hours annually. Those that participated in the labor force after retirement experienced more successful employment histories before retirement. On the other hand, people with more marginal work histories were less likely to sustain work efforts after retirement, despite lower income.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Differential expression of the ras gene family in mice.

We compared the expression of the ras gene family (H-ras, K-ras, and N-ras) in adult mouse tissues and during development. We found substantial variations in expression among different organs and in the amounts of the different transcripts originating from each gene, especially for the N-ras gene. The expression patterns were consistent with the reported preferential tissue activation of ras genes and suggested different cellular functions for each of the ras genes.

Aging↗
PubMed1986

Efficacy of cimetidine/pyrilamine eyedrops. A dose response study with histamine challenge.

Eighteen healthy volunteers participated in a histamine challenge, dose response study of cimetidine (H2 antagonist)/pyrilamine (H1 antagonist) eyedrops. This was a randomized, double-masked, multiple-crossover trial, consisting of six visits spaced 48 hours apart. At each visit, subjects were pretreated with one of six different doses of test medication in one randomly selected eye and with vehicle in the fellow eye. Five minutes later, one drop of 0.0075% histamine was instilled in both eyes. Conjunctival hyperemia and edema were graded at various time points during a 20-minute interval after the instillation of histamine. Results indicated that the cimetidine/pyrilamine combination was effective in preventing histamine-induced conjunctival hyperemia in normal volunteers; neither cimetidine nor pyrilamine was effective when administered alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A dose-response study of piloplex for duration of action.

The duration of reduction in intraocular pressure after single-dose administration of three concentrations of piloplex and the vehicle of the drug was evaluated in 12 patients with open-angle glaucoma in a randomized, double-masked, crossover study. Piloplex lowered intraocular pressure in a dose-related fashion, with a duration of action of at least 14 hours.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A recursive model of economic well-being in retirement.

Although investigators have identified some of the social and economic forces that influence levels of economic resources among elderly adults, little has been done to organize these factors into predictive lifespan models of economic well-being. Applying path analysis to data on retiring workers from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, the present research offers a beginning recursive model. It traces the influences of demographic/family background, human capital, and work-related characteristics on economic position in retirement. Controlling for differences in labor force participation and other human capital measures, race and family background lose their direct significance, whereas sex remains directly significant in predicting economic resource levels for recently retired workers. In addition, the model estimates the direct and indirect effects played by industrial sector location and social class position. In total the structurally based capital attainment model explains 65% of the variance in a measure of economic well-being that includes retirement income and wealth.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Single-point entry: an organizational form in the delivery of services to the aged.

Demographic shifts, the further commercialization of the health and human services industry, and various economic trends point to a restructuring of the systems delivering services to the aged. Emerging are approaches that offer a broad range of services under the auspices of separate organizational entities. Called continuums of care, such organizational forms use single points of entry as mechanisms to control access to the array of available services. Using the life care community as the prime example, this article examines the operations of single-point entry organizations. The authors also explore the implications of such structures for the health and human services industry, noting their potential for stratifying the aged along the dimensions of health and income.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Self-identified stressors in the role of nursing faculty.

A card-sort methodology was found to be a rapid and systematic approach for the identification of stressors for a baccalaureate nursing faculty. It would seem that multiple stressors exist within the role of nursing faculty. These may be categorized into four main sections: stressors related to Academia, Administration, Clinical and Classroom. The methodology provided assistance with prioritizing such stressors for problem solving by the faculty. An issue in conducting this type of research is confidentiality as demonstrated in faculty reluctance to reveal demographic data that might serve to connect responses with the source.

Confidentiality↗
PubMed1984

Touch dome properties as a function of age.

A study was made of touch domes in the lumbar skin of rats of different ages. The mean density of the domes in 11- to 29-day-old rats ("pups") was 43.1 +/- 16.6/cm2 and was approximately four times higher than that in adult animals (11.6 +/- 2.8/cm2); no loss of domes appeared to have taken place in the oldest animals examined (21 months). By repeating measurements of density in the territory of a single T13 dorsal cutaneous nerve, it was shown that density decreased during body growth because no additional domes were formed to compensate for enlargement of the skin. The mechanical thresholds of the domes were lowest in the youngest rats and highest in the oldest ones (mean values, 3.21 +/- 1.96 and 9.19 +/- 5.88 microns, respectively). The sizes of the domes increased until adulthood, the mean diameters being 170 +/- 8 and 314 +/- 9 microns, respectively in pups and mature animals. The possible implications of the findings for spatial discrimination by the rat central nervous system have been considered.

Aging↗
PubMed1984

Effects of vincristine sulfate on touch dome function in the rat.

The responses of touch domes in hairy skin of the rat to mechanical stimulation were examined after single doses of vincristine sulfate. Within 24 h of drug administration, the mean thresholds of domes to brief mechanical pulses had increased threefold, from 5.2 +/- 2.0 to 14.2 +/- 8.8 microns. This elevated threshold was maintained for 2 weeks but by the 3rd week the domes had recovered normal excitability. Measurements of response latency suggested that the increase in receptor thresholds occurred without impulse propagation being impaired in the axons.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

A comparison of Iohexol and Conray-60 in peripheral angiography.

A double-blind clinical trial was performed in 61 adults in an attempt to compare the safety and efficacy of an ionic with a nonionic contrast agent in peripheral angiography. Objective clinical (vital signs) and laboratory factors (complete blood count, serum electrolytes, serum chemistry, urinalysis, and urine chemistry) were monitored before, during, and after the examination on each patient. There was no statistically significant difference in pre- and posttest laboratory and clinical parameters between those patients who received ionic and those who received nonionic contrast material. Data also were collected to evaluate pain and radiographic quality. The most striking finding was the marked diminution of perceived pain in those patients who received nonionic contrast material compared with those who did not. The data suggest that nonionic contrast agents are at least as safe as the ionic agents currently in use and produce an examination of equal quality with considerably less patient discomfort.

Aortography↗
PubMed1978

Comparison of human rotavirus disease in tropical and temperate settings.

Human rotaviruses (HRV) are a common cause of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis in pediatric patients. A prospective study of HRV disease in a temperate (Dallas) and a tropical (San Jose, Costa Rica) setting demonstrated differences in seasonal distribution. In both locales, HRV accounted for 50% to 60% of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis episodes from December through February; this period corresponded to the cooler months of winter in Dallas and to the dry season in San Jose. During the rest of the observation year, the virus was not recovered from any Dallas patients, but was found in 30% to 40% of Costa Rican patients in every month but May. Signs, symptoms, and laboratory values suggest the small bowel as the major site of pathophysiology; mucosal disruption may occur in some cases.

Acute Disease↗