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Biomedical subjects

J Lin

Publications and source records attributed to J Lin.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[The effect of amlodipine, nifedipine and perindopril on insulin sensitivity and blood lipid of patients with essential hypertension].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of amlodipine, nifedipine and perindopril on insulin sensitivity(IS) and blood lipid of patients with essential hypertension(EH). METHODS: 105 EH patients were randomly divided into 3 groups: amlodipine group; nifedipine group; perindopril group. Treatment period lasted for 4 weeks. Before and after treatment, IS was measured by euglycemic insulin clamp technique with glucose metabolism rate (M) as an index of IS. RESULTS: Amlodipine, nifedipine and perindopril significantly reduced blood pressure compared with that before treatment(P < 0.01). In the EH patients with decreased IS, the M value (mg.kg-1.min-1) after the use of amlodipine, nifedipine and perindopril was higer than that before treatment (amlodipine: 6.6 +/- 1.5 Vs 4.6 +/- 0.6, P < 0.01; nifedipine: 5.2 +/- 1.2 Vs 4.4 +/- 0.6, P < 0.05; perindopril: 6.8 +/- 1.6 Vs 4.4 +/- 0.6, P < 0.01). The increase of M value(mg.kg-1.min-1), nifedipine (1.2 +/- 0.9) were significantly lower than that of amlodipine(2.1 +/- 1.1) and perindopril(2.4 +/- 1.5), P < 0.01, respectively, but no significant difference was found between amlodipine and perindopril(P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Amlodipine and perindopril have beneficial effect on improving insulin sensitivity in EH patients with decreased insulin sensitivity. The effect of nifedipine on insulin sensitivity is lower than that of amlodipine and perindopril. Blood lipid is not significantly changed after short treatment.

Amlodipine↗
PubMed1998

[The effects of BDP on eosinophils in nasal secretions of the patient with allergic rhinilis].

The effects of beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) on eosinophils in nasal secretions of the patients with allergic rhinilis was assaied under the laser scanning confocal microscopy and the technology of fluoresence. The scanning images displayed that fluoresence signal of the eosinophils intracellular RNA was significantly decreased after BDP treatment. The results showed that anti-inflammation funtion of BDP was realized by controlling the intracellular DNA translate to RNA.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1998

[Neurotoxicity of antibody against motoneuron on cultured rat cortical neurons].

OBJECTIVE: In order to determine the role of antibody against motoneuron in the process of neuronal death. METHODS: Cultured rat cortical neurons growing in serum-free medium, were employed to observe the effects of antibody against motoneuron (anti-SMN) on the survival of these cultured neurons. RESULTS: (1) Exposure of the cultures in serum-free medium to anti-SMN with dilution of 1:50 results in death of 31%-41% of neurons for 24 hours incubation, 50%-67% for 48 hours and above 90% after 72 hours. The neurotoxicity induced by anti-SMN was accompanied by concentration-dependent release of lactate dehydrogenase into the culture medium. Cultures exposed to normal rat IgG as controls exhibited no such sign. (2) The cultured neurons exposed to anti-SMN (1:200) expressed markedly higher levels of immunoreactive Calbindin-D28k especially after 48 hours incubation with it. There was a reduction in the number of acetylcholinesterase-positive neurons compared to the normal control. CONCLUSIONS: The anti-SMN could directly initiate the process of cortical neuronal death and this effect was independent of complement. The alteration of Calbindin-D28k immunoreactivity implied that calcium may be involved in the neurotoxicity induced by anti-SMN.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1998

[The general survey for chondromalacia of 2,743 Chinese population].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the distribution of chondromalacia patella in Chinese population. METHODS: A random cluster sampling survey was performed covering 2,743 subjects varied in age, sex and occupation in 1995. RESULTS: The prevalence rate is 36.2%. The occurrence in women was higher than that in men (P < 0.01), while in the age group, 30 to 39 years was the highest being 55.8%. The prevalence rate in soldier being 47.5% was the highest among varied occupations. CONCLUSIONS: Our study is the first survey to be performed in a large number of Chinese population. This investigation may reflect the prevalence rate of chondromalacia patella in China.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Expression of IL-1 mRNA and its correlation with astrocytes and NOS-positive neurons in rat spinal cord following sciatic nerve injury].

OBJECTIVE: To study expression of Interleukin 1 (IL-1) and its correlation with astrocytes and nitric-oxide synthase (NOS)-positive neurons in rat spinal cord following sciatic nerve transection. METHODS: Using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry methods. RESULTS: The experiments showed that IL-1 expression appeared with a low frequency at 3 days after the axontomy, while it could be markedly detectable on post-lesioned day 7 and 14. In normal controls and the spinal fragments without being involved in the injury, no signal of IL-1 mRNA expression was detected with the same condition. At 7 days after nerve injury, the lesioned side of spinal cord began to show strong glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactive astrocytes and induction of NOS in the motoneurons that are normally NOS-negative. Up to 21 days after operation, GFAP staining showed star-shaped astrocytes closely resembling the typical appearance of fibrous astrocytes and GFAP-immunoreactive profiles were often seen surrounding NOS-positive neurons. Analysis of the time course of IL-1 mRNA expression, appearance of NOS-positive neurons and changes of reactive astrocytes suggested a close relationship between them. CONCLUSIONS: IL-1, NO might function as important mediators between injured motoneurons and astrocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Surgical management of closed injury of mitral valve: report of four cases].

OBJECTIVE: To show the experience in dealing with mitral valve injury caused by trauma. METHODS: Four cases of closed injury of mitral valve were treated. RESULTS: Two of the four patients presented ruptured chordae of mitral valve and were cured with annutoplasty plus repair of the chordae and mitral valve replacement respectively. One presented tearing of mitral valve leaf and pseudoaneurysm of the femoral artery, which were complicated by infective endocarditis. The patient was cured with emergency operation to repair the lesions and remove pseudoaneurysm and neoplasm in the mitral valve. Another patient, who received mitral valve replacement 8 years before, presented ruptured valve-hook of the prosthesis and died of acute heart failure without prompt operation. The diagnosis was confirmed by autopsy. CONCLUSIONS: The disease is easy to misdiagnose and once the diagnosis is established surgical intervention should be performed early. Emergency operation is necessary if acute heart failure occurs or infective endocarditis is complicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[The effects of different instrumentation on scoliosis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of the treatment of scoliosis with different surgical methods. METHOD: 125 cases of scoliosis less than 100 degrees treated during 14 years (1984 - 1997) were analyzed. Different operative methods were compared for their advantages and disadvantages, i.e. results and complications 10 months after operation and follow-up. RESULT: Harrington instrumentation was less effective in scoliotic curve correction and had more complications than other procedures. Luque technique needed longer operation time for wire passage at each level and had risk of neurological damage. CD and Zielke method showed 10% - 20% curve correction. No dislodgment of hook and fractured rods was found in the CD group. Anterior release plus posterior instrumentation was superior to other techniques. CONCLUSION: Treatment of scoliosis with anterior release plus posterior CD is practical for children before a new technique without spinal fusion is developed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[The role of L-arginine and L-citrulline in activated macrophage against Toxoplasma gondii infection in vitro].

AIM: To determine whether both the production of NO and the toxoplasmastatic or toxoplasmacidal activity of activated macrophages cultured in physiologic levels of arginine can be enhanced by increasing the availability of arginine, or citrulline. METHODS: After the activated M phi were infected with the RH strain of T. gondii, the levels of NO production, the infection rate of M phi and the number of tachyzoites in parasitophorous vacuoles were determined after the M phi were cultured in medium added with various concentrations of L-arginine or L-citrulline for 18 h. RESULTS: (1) The multiplication of intracellular toxoplasmic tachyzoites could be inhibited by activated macrophages, depending on the production of NO in the presence of physiologic levels of arginine. (2) Increased exogenous arginine or citrulline resulted in a significant elevation of NO production induced by activated macrophages and further reduction of infection rate of macrophages as well as inhibition of multiplication of intracellular tachyzoites. (3) Citrulline could fully substitute for arginine in enhancing NO production and toxoplasmastatic or toxopasmacidal activity. CONCLUSION: The physiological levels of arginine were able to induce sufficient intrinsic NO production to inhibit intracellular multiplication of toxoplasmatic tachyzoite but unable to protect cell from infection and that increasing the substrate levels for NO biosynthesis may enhance in vitro toxoplasmastatic or toxoplasmacidal activity of activated macrophages.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Appllcation of PYGC and the hierarchical clustering analysis to recognization of viruses].

The pyrolysis gas chromatography of 29 strains nuclear polyhedrosis viruses, 11 strains cytoplasmic polyhedrosis viruses and 16 strains granulosis viruses were performed on a shimadzu GV-9A capillary gas chromatography equipped with a pyrolyser model PYR-2A. The differences among the inclusion bodies of NPV, CPV and GV could clearly be distinguished and also beidentified through analysis of fingerprinting the hierarchical clustering analysis of GC, This procedure has provided a usefel method for the classification and identification of viruses.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1998

[Morphological observation of the endogenous endophthalmitis of cryptococcus neoformans].

PURPOSE: To observe the pathologic change of the endogenous endophthalmitis of cryptococcus neoformans. METHODS: Light and electron microscope were used. RESULT: The choroid was focally tumor-like by an inflammatory cells infiltrate, which consisted of multinucleated gicant, epithelioid cells and lymphocytes. Special stains (Grocott's methnamine silver, PAS, alcian blue) and electron microscope disclosed the budding form of cryptococcus neoformans. CONCLUSION: The morphologic examinations are only an effectivel method of diagrosing the endogenous endophthalmitis of cryptococcus neoformans.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[The establishment, freezing-state preservation and resuscitation of retinoblastoma SO-Rb70 cell line].

PURPOSE: To establish a new cell line of human retinoblastoma (Rb), frozen and resuscitated to provide a Rb cell reservoir for clinical and experimental research. METHODS: The screening cells were washed and blown directly without centrifugation and then inoculated. Based on the cell-frozen principle, the Rb cell line was collected and established, then frozen in liquid nitrogen and resuscitated. RESULTS: SO-Rb70 cell line was established successfully. 8 groups of cells were frozen. The resuscitation experiment was carried out for 6 times, 4 times being successful. CONCLUSION: The preserved human Rb cells in liquid nitrogen grew normally after resuscitation with the maintenance of previous bioactivities and characteristics. This research helped to provide abundant material for further study of Rb.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1998

Pulsatile insulin release: role of cytoplasmic Ca2+ oscillations.

Oscillations of plasma insulin are essential for the hypoglycaemic effect of the hormone. Disturbance and partial loss of these oscillations occur during the development of Type 2 diabetes, in association with down-regulation of insulin receptors and insulin resistance. Oscillations with a frequency similar to that of plasma insulin have been observed in the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) of pancreatic beta cells, indicating that the ion plays a role in generating insulin pulses. Studies of individual islets have revealed that oscillations of [Ca2+]i and insulin release are synchronous. However, insulin release is also pulsatile under conditions in which [Ca2+]i is stable. These results support the notion that variations in the ATP/ADP ratio are sufficient to induce pulsatile insulin release. Under physiological conditions, this pulsatility may depend on the synergistic effects of ATP/ADP and [Ca2+]i oscillations.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Biomechanical comparison of antegrade and retrograde nailing of humeral shaft fracture.

A pair-controlled study was conducted to compare biomechanical properties of antegrade and retrograde nailing of humeral fractures. First, six paired fresh anatomic specimen humeri were used to compare the properties of humeri fractured at the middle to distal diaphyses junction that were nailed from the retrograde approach with the Humeral Locked nail with those of contralateral intact humeri. An 18 additional pairs were divided into three equal groups by distal, proximal, or mid-diaphysis location of a standardized 5-mm bone defect to simulate unstable fractures. The retrograde and antegrade nailings were performed in each pair in a random manner. Nail and bone constructs were tested for bending stiffness by nondestructive three-point bending and for torsional stiffness by destructive torsional tests. Compared with intact humeri, fractured humeri fixed with nails had 28.6% posteroanterior and 31.4% mediolateral bending stiffness, 22.5% torsional stiffness, and 43.3% failure torque. For distal fractures, retrograde nailing showed significantly more initial stability and higher bending and torsional stiffness; for proximal fractures, antegrade nailing showed similar properties. For middle to distal diaphyses junction fractures, retrograde and antegrade nailing were indistinguishable. The defect created as an entry portal for retrograde nailing reduced the bone strength only 11.1%. These results suggest that retrograde nailing, which is less detrimental to shoulder function than is antegrade nailing, is an acceptable alternative treatment for humeral shaft fractures. In addition, nailing from the short to the long bone segments can improve mechanical properties of the fixation construct because of better nail and bone interface purchase.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1998

Neurochemical and behavioral effects of ciproxifan, a potent histamine H3-receptor antagonist.

Ciproxifan, i.e., cyclopropyl-(4-(3-1H-imidazol-4-yl)propyloxy) phenyl) ketone, belongs to a novel chemical series of histamine H3-receptor antagonists. In vitro, it behaved as a competitive antagonist at the H3 autoreceptor controlling [3H]histamine release from synaptosomes and displayed similar Ki values (0.5-1.9 nM) at the H3 receptor controlling the electrically-induced contraction of guinea pig ileum or at the brain H3 receptor labeled with [125I]iodoproxyfan. Ciproxifan displayed at least 3-orders of magnitude lower potency at various aminergic receptors studied in functional or binding tests. In vivo, measurement of drug plasma levels, using a novel radioreceptor assay in mice receiving ciproxifan p.o. or i.v., led to an oral bioavailability ratio of 62%. Oral administration of ciproxifan to mice enhanced by approximately 100% histamine turnover rate and steady state level of tele-methylhistamine with an ED50 of 0.14 mg/kg. Ciproxifan reversed the H3-receptor agonist induced enhancement of water consumption in rats with and ID50 of 0.09 +/- 0.04 mg/kg, i.p. In cats, ciproxifan (0.15-2 mg/kg, p.o.) induced marked signs of neocortical electroencephalogram activation manifested by enhanced fast-rhythms density and an almost total waking state. In rats, ciproxifan enhanced attention as evaluated in the five-choice task performed using a short stimulus duration. Ciproxifan appears to be an orally bioavailable, extremely potent and selective H3-receptor antagonist whose vigilance- and attention-promoting effects are promising for therapeutic applications in aging disorders.

Animals↗