Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Lobo-Antunes.
The author reviews briefly the sociocultural aspects of the quality control movements and how they relate to the medical profession. The "ethos" of the neurosurgical practice and the way to harmonize the new paradigms of modern medicine and the need to define parameters to evaluate quality are discussed.
A case of syringomyelia secondary to an extramedullary cervical spinal cord compression by a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is described. After radiotherapy, the syrinx was no longer seen. The pathogenesis of this type of syrinx is discussed, and the potential benefit of radiotherapy in these cases is suggested.
Arteriovenous malformations have only rarely been implicated as a cause of basal ganglia dysfunction. In four instances where such a lesion was uncovered, abnormal involuntary movements were present. In two, tremor involving the contralateral limbs occurred, while in others the head and neck were involved in dystonic movements and posture. The clinical and angiographic characteristics of these four patients have been assessed and are presented in detail in this report. The possible mechanism by which arteriovenous malformations may disturb the internal circuitry of the basal ganglia and induce symptoms are discussed.
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Thirty patients with postencephalitic Parkinsonism were treated with levodopa. In seven patients, treatment was withdrawn because of adverse reactions or insufficient benefit. Improvements observed in 26 patients who remained on treatment for a sufficient period to permit adequate assessment were comparable with those previously reported in Parkinson's disease. Some sequelae of encephalitis lethargica-notably, oculogyria and drooling-were appreciably improved in most patients affected, whereas choreoathetoid dyskinesias were aggravated by levodopa. Adventitious choreiform involuntary movements and behaviour disorders were the major side-effects. Patients with postencephalitic Parkinsonism may respond as well as patients with Parkinson's disease to levodopa but they develop both favourable responses and side-effects at a lower dosage and require careful dosage adjustments and close surveillance.
Psychiatric aspects of patients with Parkinsonism treated with L-dopa are described. These include acute psychosis in patients with or without previous psychiatric illness and worsening or improvement of pre-existing psychiatric conditions. Therapeutic management is discussed The relevance of these studies to the understanding of the psychiatric aspects of Parkinsonism in general is discussed.