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J Lonovics

Publications and source records attributed to J Lonovics.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Cross tolerance between nitroglycerin and neural relaxation of the rabbit sphincter of Oddi.

We studied whether non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) relaxation of the rabbit sphincter of Oddi was influenced by tolerance to nitroglycerin (NG) in vitro. Sphincter of Oddi (SO) muscle rings precontracted with EC50 concentrations of cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK8) were exposed to cumulative increases in NG concentrations and tested for relaxation by measurement of isometric tension. A separate group of six rings was subjected to a preceding exposure to 275 microM nitroglycerin over 60 min to induce in vitro tolerance to nitroglycerin. The rings (both tolerant and non-tolerant) were subjected to electrical field stimulation (FS: 50 V, 0.1 ms, 20 Hz, 3 and 10 stimuli). The rings were then preincubated with NANC solution: phentolamine, oxprenolol and atropine (all 1 microM) for 20 min and FS was applied again. FS was repeated after additional incubation with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), and inhibitor of NO synthase (30 microM) and after a successive incubation with 3 mM L-arginine (20 min). Maximum contractions produced by CCK8 in 'tolerant' and 'non-tolerant' sphincters were 29.9 +/- 5.8 and 28.3 +/- 5.2 mN, respectively. The sensitivity to CCK8 also was not different between the two groups with EC50 (-log M) values of 8.5 +/- 0.2 and 8.3 +/- 0.1, respectively. FS evoked twitchlike contraction followed by relaxation in the ampullary SO in both 'tolerant' and 'non-tolerant' preparations. Incubation in NANC solution resulted in monophasic relaxations in response to FS in non-tolerant sphincters but not in tolerant ones. L-NAME (30 microM) reversed NANC relaxation in non-tolerant muscle rings whereas it failed to modify NANC contractions in the tolerant preparations. L-arginine (3 mM) reversed the inhibitory effect of L-NAME on NANC relaxation in the 'non-tolerant' rings and it was without effect on FS-induced contractions in the 'tolerant' SO. As measured by radioimmunoassay, tolerance to NG was without any significant effect on tissue content of both cyclic adenosine 3':5' monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine 3':5' monophosphate (cGMP). FS significantly increased tissue cAMP and cGMP content in 'non-tolerant' preparations. FS failed to increase the level of either cyclic nucleotide in 'tolerant' tissue. We conclude that NANC relaxation of the ampullary part of the rabbit SO is significantly impaired in the state of tolerance to NG 'in vitro'.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Beneficial effect of octreotide treatment in acute pancreatitis in rats.

CONCLUSIONS: Octreotide treatment contributes to the regulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production in sodium taurocholate-induced acute necrotizing pancreatitis in rats. Owing to its complex effect, octreotide can partially ameliorate the deleterious consequences of acute necrotizing pancreatitis. Elevated TNF and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in the peritoneal fluid may be considered a consequence of the activation of peritoneal macrophages. BACKGROUND: The effects of octreotide on exocrine pancreatic function have been investigated in numerous studies, but little attention has been paid to its influence on cytokine production in acute pancreatitis. METHODS: Acute pancreatitis was induced by the retrograde injection of taurocholic acid into the pancreatic duct in male Wistar rats. Serum amylase activity, wet pancreatic weight/body weight (pw/bw) ratio, and TNF and IL-6 levels were measured. Four micrograms/kg of octreotide was administered subcutaneously at the time of induction of pancreatitis and 24 or 48 h later. Rats were sacrificed 6, 24, 48, or 72 h after the operation. RESULTS: The serum amylase level and pancreatic weight to body weight ratio were decreased significantly in the octreotide-treated group. The serum TNF level was decreased significantly in the octreotide-treated group as compared with the control group at 6, 24, and 48 h (0.6 +/- 1.5, 2.0 +/- 3.3, and 0 vs 50 +/- 15.5, 37.5 +/- 18.4, and 13.1 +/- 12.5 U/mL, respectively). The ascites TNF level was decreased to 0 in the octreotide-treated group and was elevated in the control group at 72 h (28.0 +/- 49.0 U/mL). IL-6 production in ascites was extremely high in both groups at 6 h (80,000 +/- 43,817 pg/mL and 58,500 +/- 33,335 pg/mL), but the difference was not significant.

Amylases↗
PubMed1998

Beneficial effects of pentoxifylline treatment of experimental acute pancreatitis in rats.

UNLABELLED: The purposes of this study were to determine the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels after the induction of acute necrotizing pancreatitis, and to establish the effects of pentoxifylline on cytokine production. METHODS: acute pancreatitis was induced by the retrograde injection of 200 microliters taurocholic acid into the pancreatic duct in male Wistar rats. The serum amylase activity, the wet pancreatic weight/body weight ratio, and the TNF and IL-6 levels were measured. Seven mg/kg pentoxifylline were administered intraperitoneally at the time of operation 6, 12 or 24 h later. Rats were killed 6, 24, 48 or 72 h after the operation. RESULTS: the TNF bioassay revealed high levels of TNF (30.2 +/- 5.4 U/ml, 35.0 +/- 5.0 U/ml and 36.6 +/- 6.0 U/ml) in the control group at 6, 24 and 48 h and (54.1 +/- 20 U/ml and 10.9 +/- 4.2 U/ml) in the pentoxifylline-treated group at 6 and 24 h, respectively, whereas the level had decreased to zero in the pentoxifylline-treated group at 48 h. The IL-6 bioassay likewise demonstrated high levels of IL-6 in the control group at 48 h and in the pentoxifylline-treated group at 6 and 24 h, and markedly decreased levels in the pentoxifylline-treated group at 48 h (7083 +/- 2844 pg/ml, 6463 +/- 1307 pg/ml, 10,329 +/- 5571 pg/ml vs 137.5 +/- 85.5 pg/ml, respectively, P < 0.05). The high mortality observed in the pancreatitis group (43%) was decreased by pentoxifylline administration to 11%. CONCLUSION: these results demonstrate that pentoxifylline very effectively inhibits cytokine production in acute pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1998

Involvement of oxygen-derived free radicals in L-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis.

This study was aimed at an assessment of the role of oxygen-derived free radicals in the pathogenesis of L-arginine (Arg)-induced acute pancreatitis in rat, by measuring the levels of malonyl dialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase, and superoxide dismutase (Mn- and Cu,Zn-SOD) in the pancreatic tissue, and evaluating the protective effect of the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol. Acute pancreatitis was induced in male Wistar rats by injecting 2 x 250 mg/100 g body weight of Arg intraperitoneally in a 1-hr interval, as a 20% solution in 0.15 M NaCl. Control rats received the same quantity of glycine. Allopurinol, 100 or 200 mg/kg, was administered subcutaneously 30 min before the first Arg injection. Rats were killed at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hr following Arg administration, and acute pancreatitis was confirmed by a serum amylase level elevation and typical inflammatory features observed microscopically. The serum level of amylase reached the peak level at 24 hr after the Arg injection (30,800+/-3813 vs 6382+/-184 units/liter in the control) and normalized at 48 hr. The tissue concentration of MDA was significantly elevated at 24 hr and reached the peak value at 48 hr (5.00+/-1.75 vs 0.28+/-0.05 nM/mg protein in the control). The catalase and Mn-SOD activities were significantly decreased throughout the study, while the GPx activity was significantly reduced at 6 and 12 hr, and the Cu,Zn-SOD activity was significantly lower at 12 hr after the Arg injection as compared with the controls. Allopurinol treatment markedly reduced the serum amylase elevation (12.631+/-2.257 units/liter at 24 hr) and prevented the increase in tissue MDA concentration (0.55+/-0.09 nM/mg protein at 48 hr). Both doses of allopurinol significantly ameliorated the pancreatic edema, necrosis, and inflammation at 48 hr after Arg administration. Oxygen-derived free radicals are generated at an early stage of Arg-induced acute pancreatitis. Prophylactic allopurinol treatment prevents the generation of reactive oxygen metabolites, reduces the serum amylase concentration, and exerts a beneficial effect on the development of histopathological changes.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1998

Humoral mechanisms and clinical aspects of biliary tract motility.

This review is intended to summarize current information on neurohumoral regulation of the gallbladder and sphincter of Oddi motility under both physiological and pathological circumstances with emphasis on Hungarian contributions to today's knowledge. The mechanism of action of neurohumoral agents that interact on these segments of the biliary tract, and the explored details of the stimulation-contraction/relaxation coupling process of these substances, will be discussed. A modified classification of biliary tract motility disorders with new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches will also be provided. This information will aid understanding of the pathogenesis of motor disorders of the gallbladder and sphincter of Oddi, and will indicate possibilities for pharmacological exploitation in the treatment of diseases resulting from biliary tract motility abnormalities.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Histological evaluation of the response to interferon-alpha therapy in chronic hepatitis C.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The response rate of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha), recently introduced in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C, is merely 25-50%. The aims of this follow-up study were to compare the efficacy of 6 and 12-month IFN-alpha treatment via liver biopsy scores and to evaluate the correlation with the biochemical response. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty chronic hepatitis C patients were studied; 10 received IFN-alpha therapy for 6 months and 10 for 12 months. Liver biopsy material was taken before and after therapy. RESULTS: There was a significant serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level improvement in both groups, but a significant histological improvement in necroinflammatory activity (grade) only in the 12-month group. The Chevallier stage scores demonstrated a significant progression in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Twelve-month IFN-alpha treatment affords a better response in the liver histology grade and serum ALT level, but does not influence the staging; a normal ALT does not guarantee hepatitis inactivity. Liver biopsies appear indispensable for monitoring.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Comparative study of the role of CA 19-9, CA 72-4 and CEA tumor antigens in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and other gastrointestinal malignant diseases].

The diagnostic value of CA 19-9, CA 72-4 and CEA was evaluated in 291 patients (including 39 with pancreatic cancer, 32 with gastric cancer, 36 with colorectal cancer and 40 with chronic pancreatitis). These markers were determined in the serum by chemiluminescence immunoassay (CA 72-4) or microparticle enzyme immunoassay (CA 19-9 and CEA) methods. In serodiagnostic evaluations relating to pancreatic cancer, CA 19-9 proved superior to CA 72-4 and CEA (sensitivity: 79.5 vs. 56.5 and 62.5%; specificity: 84.1 vs. 77.9 and 77.2%; diagnostic accuracy: 85.9 vs. 75.8 and 75.7%, respectively). For gastric carcinoma, CA 72-4 appeared the most sensitive: 53.1% of all patients were identified with a specificity of 78.9% and a diagnostic accuracy of 75.4%. In the diagnosis; of colorectal cancer, CEA exhibited the highest sensitivity (63.9%) and diagnostic accuracy (76.2%). Elevated CA 19-9 levels were obtained in only 7.7% of patients with chronic pancreatitis. Tumor marker determination is useful in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal malignancies: the marker of choice in pancreatic cancer is CA 19-9, in gastric cancer it is CA 72-4 and in colorectal cancer it is CEA. CA 19-9 is effective in discriminating between pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗
PubMed1997

[Evaluation of the effectiveness of pantoprazole and ranitidine in the treatment of duodenal ulcer. Result of an international multicenter study].

A double-blind, randomized, multicenter, multicountry study (Poland, Chech Republic, Hungary) was carried out in 1995 on patients (n = 326) with endoscopically confirmed duodenal ulcer treated with ranitidine vs. pantoprazole. In Hungary-in 4 gastroenterology centers-123 patients have been involved (age 18-75 years). The treatment schedule has been 300 mgs of ranitidine or 40 mgs of pantoprazole q. d. for 2 or if necessary for 4 weeks. In the Hungarian study 60 DU patients were treated with pantoprazole vs. 63 ones with ranitidine. Having finished the two-week schedule the healing rates of duodenal ulcer were as follows: pantoprazole 71%/72% (Hungary/International) vs ranitidine 57%/51%, (p < 0.001). After 4 weeks the corresponding values showed the following: pantoprazole 98%/94% vs. ranitidine 88%/86%, respectively, (p < 0.005). Both drugs have shown to be effective and safe to cure duodenal ulcer however in our study pantoprazole was significantly more efficacious and provided quicker healing than ranitidine.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed1997

[The ursodeoxycholic acid-p-aminobenzoic acid test in the diagnosis of small bowel bacterial overgrowth syndrome].

UNLABELLED: Contaminated small bowel syndrome is frequently associated with meteorism due to excessive gas formation, and diarrhoea as a result of bacterial fermentative processes, including splitting of carbohydrates or deconjugating and dehydroxylating bile salts. In addition to gas production, bacteria capable of metabolizing bile salts have been shown to release p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) from and Ursodeoxycholic-acid-PABA substrate. Our aim was to determine the possible complementary role of the UDCA-PABA test in the diagnosis of bacterial overgrowth. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The H2 breath and UDCA-PABA tests were performed simultaneously on 46 patients with suspected contaminated small bowel syndrome, and on 7 healthy subjects. The H2 breath test was performed by oral loading of 25 g lactose and/or 10 g lactulose. The UDCA-PABA test was carried out by determining urinary excretion of PABA after oral loading with 250 mg UDCA-PABA conjugate. The diagnosis of bacterial overgrowth was established, when either H2 breath, or UDCA-PABA test proved to be pathological. RESULTS: Based upon the pathologic values of either the H2 breath test, or the UDCA-PABA test, 25 out of 46 patients proved to have contaminated small bowel syndrome. In 10 out of 25 patients only pathologic urinary PABA excretion (12.772 +/- 1.707 vs 4.1 +/- 0.58), indicated bacterial overgrowth, and in 9 out of the same group only positive H2 breath test (early rise of > 20 ppm of H2) indicated the same, while in 6 cases both tests proved to be pathological. In 7 CSBS patients the urinary excretion of PABA significantly decreased following a 10 day Tinidazole treatment (5.48 +/- 1.286 vs 13.068 +/- 2.068). CONCLUSION: The UDCA-PABA test proved to be a valuable complementary method to detect bacterial overgrowth, when H2 production failed to reveal bacterial overgrowth.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1997

[Gallbladder hypomotility in diabetic polyneuropathy].

A study was made of the pathogenic role of gallbladder hypomotility, which is presumably responsible for the high incidence of gallstone disease in long-standing diabetes mellitus. The gallbladder motility of diabetic patients (n = 10) was measured by means of quantitative hepatobiliary scintigraphy, and the severity of concomitant autonomic and sensory polyneuropathy was determined. The presence of marked gallbladder hypomotility was proven, and a positive correlation was observed between the severity of autonomic neuropathy and the contractile disorder. In this group of diabetic patients, a hypaesthetic sensory polyneuropathy too was recognized, the degree of which exhibited a positive correlation with the autonomic neuropathy score. This study underlines the important role of the autonomic neural dysfunction in the development of gallbladder hypomotility accompanying long-term diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1↗
PubMed1997

Glibenclamide sensitivity of neural relaxation of the rabbit sphincter of oddi.

In this article we studied whether the nitrergic relaxation of the rabbit sphincter was sensitive to glibenclamide. Field stimulation relaxed the sphincter of Oddi rings after incubation with atropine (1 microM) and guanethidine (4 microM) with threefold and fourfold increases in tissue guanosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate and adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate contents, respectively. These changes were blocked by 30 microM NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester. Glibenclamide (0.1-10 microM) attenuated the field stimulation-induced relaxation and completely abolished the relaxation produced by 0.1 microM cromakalim. We conclude that nitrergic relaxation of the rabbit sphincter of Oddi comprises a mechanism sensitive to glibenclamide.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Spontaneous and cholecystokinin-octapeptide-promoted regeneration of the pancreas following L-arginine-induced pancreatitis in rat.

CONCLUSION: In L-arginine (Arg)-induced pancreatitis, evidence of acute inflammation was observed on d 1-3. Continuous tissue atrophy became visible at the sites of previous pancreatic necrosis, with simultaneous regeneration of the pancreas, mainly around the Langerhans islets. Administration of low doses of cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK-8) increased the inflammatory signs of pancreatitis in the early phase, but subsequently diminished the level of atrophy and accelerated the processes of regeneration in this model of pancreatitis. BACKGROUND: The aim of this work was to study the regenerative processes following Arg-induced pancreatitis in rats. Besides the spontaneous regeneration, the effects of low doses of CCK-8 on the laboratory and morphologic parameters in this type of experimental pancreatitis were investigated. METHODS: Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups. In group I, the rats received 200 mg/100 g body weight of Arg i.p. twice, at an interval of 1 h, and 0.5 mL saline was administered s.c. twice daily. In group II, besides the same amount of Arg, the rats received 1 microgram/kg of CCK-8 s.c. in 0.5-mL saline twice daily (7 AM and 7 PM). In the control animals (group III), an identical amount of glycine was administered i.p. instead of Arg at the same times. The rats were examined on d 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 after pancreatitis induction. The pancreatic weight/body weight ratio (pw/bw) was calculated in each case. The serum levels of amylase, and glucose and the pancreatic contents of soluble protein, trypsin, amylase and DNA were determined, and histologic examinations were performed. RESULTS: In groups I and II, both pw/bw (3.5 +/- 0.2 mg/g and 4.1 +/- 0.28 mg/g, respectively) and the serum amylase level (8900 +/- 560 IU/L and 11100 +/- 1390 IU/L, respectively) were significantly elevated on d 1 vs group III (2.1 +/- 0.06 mg/g and 5562 +/- 373 IU/L, respectively). Pw/bw was significantly decreased in groups I (0.96 +/- 0.12 mg/g, 0.8 +/- 0.1 mg/g, and 1.8 +/- 0.1 mg/g, respectively) and II (1.4 +/- 0.15 mg/g, 1.7 +/- 0.2 mg/g, and 1.95 +/- 0.1 mg/g, respectively) on d 7, 14, and 28 vs group III (2.6 +/- 0.3 mg/g, 3.1 +/- 0.15 mg/g, and 2.7 +/- 0.1 mg/g, respectively), whereas in group II it was significantly elevated vs. group I on d 7 and 14. The pancreatic contents of soluble protein, DNA, trypsin and amylase were significantly decreased on d 3-14 in groups I and II vs group III. The pancreatic DNA level was significantly elevated in group II (1.23 +/- 0.2 mg/pancreas) vs group I (0.7 +/- 0.1 mg/pancreas) on d 7. In group II, the soluble protein (73.1 +/- 15.5 mg/pancreas) and amylase (1104 +/- 160 IU/pancreas) levels were significantly elevated on d 14 as was that of trypsin (27.2 +/- 3.1 IU/pancreas) on d 28, vs group I (26.4 +/- 5.3 mg/p, 525 +/- 111 IU/pancreas, and 16.3 +/- 1.1 IU/pancreas, respectively). On histologic sections, the signs of acute inflammation of the pancreas were more pronounced in group II than in group I on d 1-3. After that time, in spite of the progressive atrophy of the pancreas, the signs of tissue repair were more expressed in group II.

Amylases↗
PubMed1997

Prognostic role of 99mTc-HM-PAO-leukocyte scintigraphy in acute pancreatitis and in patients with pancreatic pseudocysts.

Fifty-five leukocyte scintigraphies were performed. Thirty-five patients (group 1) with acute pancreatitis in the early phase and 20 patients (group 2) with pancreatic chronic pseudocysts following acute pancreatitis were tested. The clinical features, laboratory parameters, and Ranson classifications were registered during hospitalization. In group 1, most of the cases with a severe clinical outcome gave positive leukocyte scintigraphic results (10/12). Leukocyte accumulation was also detected in patients with mild acute pancreatitis (4/23), but at a lower frequency. In the acute phase, significant differences in laboratory parameters (sedimentation rate and leukocyte count) were found in the leukocyte scintigraphy-positive versus-negative cases. The scintigraphic activity correlated with the sedimentation rate, leukocyte count, fever, and duration of hospitalization. In group 2 there were five cases with a positive leukocyte scan. A pancreatic abscess was found in four of them during surgery. In seven patients with a normal scintigram, surgery revealed a noninfected pancreatic pseudocyst. Leukocyte infiltration of the pancreas can be demonstrated by leukocyte scintigraphy. A positive leukocyte scan indicated a severe course of acute pancreatitis. The method also seems useful for differentiation between infected and noninfected chronic pancreatic pseudocysts.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

The ursodeoxycholic acid-p-aminobenzoic acid deconjugation test, a new tool for the diagnosis of bacterial overgrowth syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the possible complementary role of the ursodeoxycholic acid-p-aminobenzoic acid (UDCA-PABA) loading test in the diagnosis of intestinal bacterial overgrowth. DESIGN: A prospective clinical study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The hydrogen breath and UDCA-PABA tests were performed simultaneously in 68 patients with suspected contaminated small bowel syndrome (CSBS), and in 10 healthy control subjects. The hydrogen breath test was performed by oral loading of 25 g of lactose and/or 10 g of lactulose. The UDCA-PABA test was carried out by oral loading of 250 mg of UDCA-PABA conjugate, followed by measurement of the amount of PABA excreted in the urine. The diagnosis of bacterial overgrowth was considered to be established when either the hydrogen breath test or the UDCA-PABA test produced abnormal results. RESULTS: Thirty-five of the 68 patients proved to have CSBS. In 13 of these 35 patients, only the enhanced urinary PABA excretion (11.7 +/- 1.42 mg vs. 3.6 +/- 0.68 mg) indicated bacterial overgrowth, 15 of the 35 patients gave only a positive hydrogen breath test, and in the remaining seven cases the results of both tests were abnormal. In eight CSBS patients, the urinary excretion of PABA was decreased significantly following 10-day tinidazole treatment (5.5 +/- 1.29 mg vs. 13.1 +/- 2.07 mg). CONCLUSION: The UDCA-PABA test is a valuable clinical method for the detection of bacterial overgrowth, especially in cases where hydrogen production alone fails to reveal CSBS. It is also a useful procedure for evaluating the efficacy of antibacterial treatment.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1997

Effect of glyceryl trinitrate on the sphincter of Oddi spasm evoked by prostigmine-morphine administration.

OBJECTIVE: In this study the effect of glyceryl trinitrate on the prostigmine-morphine-induced sphincter of Oddi spasm was evaluated in nine female patients with sphincter of Oddi dyskinesia. METHOD: Sphincter of Oddi spasm was induced by prostigmine-morphine administration (0.5 mg prostigmine intramuscularly and 10 mg morphine subcutaneously) and visualized by quantitative hepatobiliary scintigraphy. The entire procedure was repeated during glyceryl trinitrate infusion (Nitrolingual 1 microg/kg/min for 120 min). RESULTS: Prostigmine-morphine provocation caused significant increases in the time to peak activity (Tmax) over the hepatic hilum (HH: 34.33 +/- 5.05 vs. 22.77 +/- 3.26) and the common bile duct (CBD: 60.44 +/- 5.99 vs. 40.0 +/- 2.88) and in the half-time of excretion (T1/2) over the liver parenchyma (LP: 120.04 +/- 16.01 vs. 27.37 +/- 2.19), HH (117.61 +/- 14.71 vs. 31.85 +/- 3.99) and CBD (158.11 +/- 9.18 vs. 40.1 +/- 6.24), indicating a complete spasm at the level of the sphincter of Oddi. Glyceryl trinitrate infusion completely normalized the prostigmine-morphine-induced alterations in these quantitative parameters (TmaX over the LP: 11.33 +/- 1.13; over the HH: 18.88 +/- 1.48; and over the CBD: 36.22 +/- 1.92; and T1/2 over the LP: 28.21 +/- 1.83; over the HH: 33.42 +/- 3.10; and over the CBD: 41.66 +/- 6.33), suggesting an effective sphincter-relaxing effect of glyceryl trinitrate. CONCLUSION: These results provide the first evidence of the effectiveness of glyceryl trinitrate on the morphine-induced sphincter of Oddi spasm in humans. Since glyceryl trinitrate is able to overcome even the drastic effect of morphine, it might be of relevance in the treatment of sphincter of Oddi dyskinesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Beneficial effect of lovastatin on sphincter of Oddi dyskinesia in hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia.

This report describes an impaired sphincter of Oddi relaxation function in relation to hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. As indicated by repetitive amyl nitrite-augmented quantitative hepatobiliary scintgraphy, normalization of serum lipids by means of diet and a 3-month treatment period with 20 mg of lovastatin per day resulted in an improvement of sphincter of Oddi relaxation.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

The effects of glucocorticoids and a glucocorticoid antagonist (RU 38486) on experimental acute pancreatitis in rat.

The effects of glucocorticoids on acute pancreatitis are a matter of dispute. In animal experiments, dexamethasone and hydrocortisone significantly decreased the serum amylase activities 8 hours after the induction of pancreatitis. In the dexamethasone treated group, the serum IL-6 level was significantly decreased at 4 and 8 hours, while in the hydrocortisone treated group, all the IL-6 values were significantly diminished vs. the control group. As compared to the control, a glucocorticoid antagonist (RU 38486) did not influence the serum amylase activity, but significantly increased the serum IL-6 level. These results suggest that glucocorticoids may play a role in the control of pancreatitis caused by inhibition of cytokine production.

Acute Disease↗