X-ray diffraction from living striated muscle during contraction.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Lowy.
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Low-angle X-ray diffraction patterns from relaxed and non-overlap rigor muscles show a central region of diffuse scattering (disk) which is circularly symmetrical, behaves as solution scattering and comes predominantly from myosin heads. In full-overlap rigor the disk is compressed in the diagonal direction, indicating that the myosin heads have a bent shape and a preferred orientation consistent with a 45 degree angle of attachment to actin.
OBJECTIVE: This study examined retrospective data from a multidisciplinary work-hardening program that compared patients who did and did not return to work after low-back injury. The objective of this study was to identify differences between these groups to better guide work-hardening programs and return-to-work decisions. METHOD: Retrospective data from patients with low-back injuries (n = 115) who participated in a northern California work-hardening program were analyzed. Using two-way analysis of variance, male and female patients who did and did not return to work were compared. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between men and women for any of the variables studied. Patients who did and did not return to work were not significantly different in age, length of injury, and subjective pain at the beginning or end of the work-hardening program or in activity tolerance (p = .08). Patients who returned to work perceived a significantly (p < or = . 05) greater improvement in pain tolerance by the end of the work-hardening program than those who did not return to work. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that rehabilitation emphasis should not be placed on the reduction of subjective pain but, rather, on strategies to cope with existing pain while improving functional ability.