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Biomedical subjects

J M Andre

Publications and source records attributed to J M Andre.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Inter-rater agreement of a functional analytical measure of the upper limb].

The determination and the follow-up of a patient having an upper limb lesion need a functional assessment instrument. This study examined the inter-rater agreements of the "400 points Measure", between two occupational therapists and a physiotherapist. One occupational therapist only had already used this instrument. The others raters received preliminary training with an audio-visual projection. The scale included four tests with 57 activities: (E1) Functions of the hand and fingers, (E2) Prehension strengths, (E3) Handling and displacement of things, and (E4) Functions with both hands. The study population consisted of 85 patients of a rehabilitation centre. Inter-rater agreements were quite good for E1 and E3, but they were not as good for E4, that included several functions of both limbs. For E1, the physiotherapist rated slightly but significantly different from the other raters. For E3 and E4, the occupational therapist having used the scale, rated lower than the other raters; but the difference was small. For E1, the physiotherapist rated higher than the two occupational therapists for the elderly. A discussion with the raters and a new trying showed that the differences will be small when the above training is completed by a short training about the standard gestures and the detection of the abnormalities.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1992

Structure and molecular modeling of GABAA receptor antagonists.

The recently described potent and selective GABAA antagonist SR 95531 (gabazine) is compared to six other GABAA antagonists: (+)-bicuculline, (-)-securinine, (+)-tubocurarine, iso-THAZ, R-5135, and pitrazepine. Starting from ab initio molecular orbital calculations performed on crystal atomic coordinates, attempts were made to identify in each structure the functional groups that are involved in receptor recognition and binding. A molecular modeling study revealed that (a) all compounds possess accessible cationic and anionic sites separated by an 4.6-5.2 A intercharge distance, (b) the antagonistic nature of the compounds can be explained by the presence of additional binding sites, (c) the correct spatial orientation of the additional binding sites is crucial for GABAA selectivity, and (d) the criteria determining the potency of the antagonist effect are an accurate intercharge distance (greater than 5 A) and the existence of hydrogen-bonding functionalities on one of the additional ring system. The presented pharmacophore accounts also for the inactivity of closely related compounds such as (-)-bicuculline, adlumidine, virosecurinine, allosecurinine, and the 4,6-diphenyl analogue of gabazine.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1987

3- and 5-isoxazolol zwitterions: an ab initio molecular orbital study relating to GABA agonism and antagonism.

The Hartree-Fock ab initio molecular orbital method has been applied to eight compounds: GABA (gamma-amino butyric acid) (1), its partially rigidified analog, TACA (trans-4-aminocrotonic acid) (2), six isoxazolol analogs; muscimol (5-aminomethylisoxazol-3-ol (3), THIP (4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoxazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-3-ol) (4), THAZ (5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-isoxazolo[4,5-d]azepin-3-ol) (5), isomuscimol (3-aminomethylisoxazol-5-ol) (6), iso-THIP (4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoxazolo[3,4-c] pyridin-5-ol) (7), and iso-THAZ (5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-isoxazolo[3,4-d]azepin-5-ol) (8). GABA is an endogenous inhibitory transmitter. The four following molecules (2), (3), (4) and (5) are agonist: they bind themselves to the GABA receptors and induce approximately the same effect as GABA. (6) is lightly agonist, presenting a lower affinity. Compounds (7) and (8) are antagonists, giving rise to convulsion. Optimized molecular conformations of GABA (1), muscimol (3) and isomuscimol (6) are discussed. Geometric and electronic parameters showing the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonds are presented. The permutation of the heteroatoms in the isoxazole ring has no effect on the side-chain orientation explaining maybe the agonist character of isomuscimol, being able to adopt easily and exactly the active conformation. Atomic charge distributions and electronic overlap populations for all compounds have been computed in order to try to understand why their GABAergic activities can be so different. The computed values show that the 3-isoxazolol ring mimics in a good way the carboxylic function of GABA. They also illustrate the larger electronic delocalization within the 5-isoxazolol ring and therefore the resulting antagonist character, except for isomuscimol.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1984

State of the art of functional electrical stimulation in France.

After summarizing the various physiological and functional effects of surface electrical stimulation, the authors review its main applications, including chronic-use or training orthoses, neuromuscular facilitation and automatic cyclical stimulation. Each of the therapeutic principles is illustrated by discussion of an example, with particular emphasis being placed on the practical methods of application that determine the success of the programme.

Ankle↗
PubMed1980

[Not Available].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

History, Ancient↗
PubMed1977

[Epilepsy, anticonvulsants and pregnancy].

A statistical study, using a computer, of 343 epileptic women with 775 pregnancies led to the following conclusions: 1. The influence of pregnancy on epilepsy is very variable: null once out of 2 times, pregnancy is more often favourable than unfavourable in the remaining 50% of the cases. 2. The influence of epilepsy on pregnancy seems to be null with regard to the course of pregnancy, its termination and the post-delivery period. The perinatal mortality rate is, however, higher. 3. Concerning the very present question of the teratogenic risk due to anticonvulsants, it appears that an epileptic woman has a slightly higher risk to bear a child with a congenital defect than does a non-epileptic mother; 4.04% of malformations in treated epileptic women, 2.32% in non-treated; 2.2% and 1.8% in two control groups.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1976

[Parkinson's disease and anosmia in monozygotic twin sisters (author's transl)].

Monozygotic twin sisters developed Parkinson's disease and anosmia at the age of 39. The disease was kept under control and regressed with L. Dopa. Two families with the same association had been previously reported. An anomaly of the metabolism of dopamine, genetically determined, is probably responsible for these disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[General classification and limited nosology of the phacomatoses].

The authors suggest a new classification of phacomatoses based on the dysembryoplastic concept of these disorders, which are blastomas of the germ layers. Three main groups are described : ectoblastic, mesoblastic and entoblastic phacomatoses. The diffuse forms are often familial and very evolutive and are contrasted with the regional forms which are commonly sporadic and not very evolutive. The limits of the phacomatoses are finally specified.

Angiomatosis↗