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Biomedical subjects

J M Baker

Publications and source records attributed to J M Baker.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Detection of primary colorectal cancer with indium 111 monoclonal antibody B72.3.

B72.3 is a murine monoclonal antibody of the immunoglobulin subclass IgG1 directed against TAG-72, a cell surface antigen present on colorectal carcinoma cells. We investigated the utility of scanning with indium 111-labeled B72.3 in 16 patients with a high clinical suspicion of or biopsy-proven primary colorectal cancer. Each patient received 1 or 2 mg of B72.3 monoclonal antibody labeled with 152 MBq of indium 111. Patients underwent scanning 2 to 3 days and 7 days after infusion by planar and emission computed tomography. Nineteen lesions were confirmed in 12 patients. Three patients with benign polyps had true-negative monoclonal antibody scans. Indium 111-labeled imaging of B72.3 detected nine of 19 lesions. Unsuspected tumor sites were identified by monoclonal antibody scan in three patients. By detection of additional abdominal disease and extra-abdominal spread, indium 111-labeled scanning of B72.3 directly affected treatment in 18% of patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Are regular education classes equipped to accommodate students with learning disabilities?

This study examined educational practices in regular education classes in grades K-5 to determine changes required to facilitate a full-time mainstreaming program for students with learning disabilities. Data collected during the planning year of a mainstreaming project permitted a detailed analysis of the elementary school and the extent to which it accommodated individual differences. Data from informal and structured observations, interviews, and surveys of students, parents, and teachers suggested that fundamental changes in instruction are necessary for the regular education initiative to work in this school.

Achievement↗
PubMed1988

Fine-needle aspiration cytology monitoring of elective conversion from cyclosporin to azathioprine and prednisolone.

The elective conversion of renal allograft recipients from cyclosporin (CsA) to azathioprine and prednisolone has the advantage that the long-term risk of CsA nephrotoxicity is reduced, but it may precipitate a rejection episode. We have monitored this period by fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in 24 patients undergoing conversion of immunosuppression 6 months after transplantation. As expected the serum creatinine and alkaline phosphatase were significantly reduced and the mean creatinine clearance was significantly increased after conversion. FNAC exhibited increased mononuclear cellular infiltration in 13 of the 24 patients. In nine patients there was a transient infiltration of lymphocytes and monocytes without changes in the normal parameters of renal function. In four others 'blast' cell infiltration was evident in association with rejection episodes. All four responded to pulsed doses of methylprednisolone. However, two other patients had late rejection episodes (2 and 6 months after conversion) which were steroid resistant and required reintroduction of CsA. No grafts were lost (median follow-up 9 months). This study has shown that although overt rejection occurred in only 16.6% of patients, cellular infiltration was present in over 50% during conversion of immunosuppression. FNAC failed to identify clearly the patients at risk of rejection during conversion of therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Cerebellar metastases from epithelial ovarian carcinoma. A case report.

Central nervous system metastases are an unusual sequela of epithelial ovarian neoplasms, occurring in less than 1% of reported autopsy cases. A case of cerebellar metastatic disease occurred following combination chemotherapy and a negative second-look operation for a stage III poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the ovary. The single metastatic tumor was resectable, and the patient had resolution of her symptoms following surgery. This is the fourth report of an epithelial ovarian carcinoma metastatic to the cerebellum.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of 14C-tinidazole in humans.

Following intravenous infusion of 800 mg of 14C-tinidazole during 30 min to two human subjects, a mean of 44% of the dose was excreted in urine during the first 24 h, increasing to 63% of the dose during five days: 12% of the dose was excreted in the faeces, indicating the possible involvement of biliary excretion and other secretory processes in the disposition of tinidazole. At 6 min after the end of the infusion, the mean plasma tinidazole concentration was 12 mg/l. Tinidazole was a major component in 0-120 h urine (about 32% of urinary 14C): the major metabolite in the 0-12 h urine examined was ethyl 2-(5-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-nitro-1-imidazolyl)ethyl sulphone (about 30% urinary 14C), the product of hydroxylation and nitro-group migration. These compounds were also present in the faeces. A minor urinary metabolite was 2-hydroxymethyltinidazole (about 9% urinary 14C), which was also present in plasma. The mean pharmacokinetic parameters obtained for tinidazole were similar to those reported in the literature; total clearance 51 ml/min, renal clearance 10 ml/min, volume of distribution 501 and half-life 11.6 h.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Assay of cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of alkylating agents by using Neurospora spheroplasts.

A system relying on the use of Neurospora crassa spheroplasts has been developed for the assay of cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of chemical compounds. Mutagenicity was assayed by using reversion of alleles in the am gene selected to recognize certain specified transitions and also undefined point mutations. Cytotoxicity was quantified by measuring a 'cytotoxicity parameter', m, which appears in the exponential function that fits the survival/dose curve for each compound (under standard incubation conditions). Of the compounds tested, nitrogen mustard (Cl(CH2)2 NMe(CH2)2Cl) was cytotoxic and non-mutagenic, and ethyl nitrosourea was highly mutagenic but not cytotoxic. Of the remaining compounds tested, methyl nitrosourea, butadiene diepoxide, and cis platin (cis diammonia platinum II chloride) all showed comparable mutagenicity per survivor, although the values of m covered a wide range. Differences were found between the different compounds in the effects of the uvs-2 allele on survival and on the preponderance of G to A transitions.

Alkylating Agents↗
PubMed1977

Mood changes in puerperium, and plasma tryptophan and cortisol concentrations.

Eighteen women aged 18-31 years were studied daily during the second to fifth postpartum days to assess mood changes and plasma tryptophan and cortisol concentrations. Psychiatric rating scales, clinical interviews, and published biochemical methods were used. Over the period plasma free tryptophan concentrations tended to rise and plasma cortisol concentrations to decline. There was a positive correlation between plasma free tryptophan concentrations and mood state.

Adolescent↗