Biomedical subjects
J M Barnett
Publications and source records attributed to J M Barnett.
Systematic underreporting of cutaneous malignant melanoma in Massachusetts. Possible implications for national incidence figures.
An independent tabulation of incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma in Massachusetts indicates that 12% and perhaps as many as 19% of new cases of cutaneous malignant melanoma in Massachusetts are not recorded in the Massachusetts Cancer Registry, significantly more than the expected 5% (p = 0.0001). The increasing number of nonhospital medical settings in which melanomas can be diagnosed and/or treated appears to account for this discrepancy. We suspect that these findings in Massachusetts also apply to cancer reporting systems in other regions of the United States. We suggest that the true incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma in Massachusetts, and perhaps in the United States, may be significantly higher than reported.
Corneal penetration by tarantula hairs.
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Nail cosmetics.
Disorders of the nails may be brought about by systemic disease or outside influences. Although many of the products available on the market may be of great benefit in offering palliation of abnormalities of the nail plate, they may also be a source of significant adverse effects. Treatment of nail disorders must be predicated on a well-focused history, physical examination, and proper tissue samples.
Intoxication after an isopropyl alcohol enema.
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Successful treatment of Aspergillus flavus onychomycosis with oral itraconazole.
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Arabinosylthymine: inhibitor of splenic lymphocyte macromolecular synthesis in vitro.
The effect of arabinosylthymine on lymphocyte transformation was investigated. Arabinosylthymine was demonstrated not to be cytotoxic for hamster spleen lymphocytes but was found to inhibit the increase in deoxyribonucleic acid and protein synthesis usually observed as a result of mitogen stimulation. These findings suggest that, in addition to being a potent anti-herpesvirus inhibitor, arabinosylthymine is also an immunosuppressive agent.
Effect of complement inactivated rabbit antichick brain serum on thymic and splenic lymphocytes.
The effects on in vitro exposure of chicken thymic-dependent lymphocytes to complement inactivated rabbit antichick brain serum (RACB) previously absorbed with normal serum (ns) and kidney (k) [RACBns,k] was investigated. Spleen lymphocytes which normally initiate a 'graft vs. host' reaction give rise to much more intense reactions when treated with (RACB)ns,k. This may be due to increased antigenicity of the donor cell and/or stimulation of the donor T cell. Migration studies showed that chicken thymocytes are capable of in vitro migration which can be inhibited by exposure to (RACB)ns,k. Thymocytes pretreated with (RACB)ns,k were found to express factor(s) capable of inhibiting thymocyte migration. The correlation between lymphokines and increased splenomegaly was discussed.
Familial foveal retinoschisis.
Three young women, offspring of a nonconsanguineous marriage of normal parents, manifested mild visual loss associated with a bilateral foveal dystrophy that resembled the macular involvement in juvenile sex-linked retinoschisis. Electrophysiologic and psychophysiologic tests showed less severe involvement than the gonosomal equivalent. An autosomal recessive inheritance is proposed.
Brain-associated thymic antigen in chickens.
Sera were produced in rabbits against a saline extract of chicken embryo brain (CBE). The rabbit anti-chicken brain (RACB) sera revealed, in micro-Ouchterlony studies, brain-associated antigens in extracts from the thymus, bursa, spleen and kidney. Absorption of the sera with normal serum (ns) and kidney (K), (RACBns, K), removed all reactivity with tissues other than brain. However, cytotoxic studies demonstrated that the kidney-absorbed serum was toxic to lymphocytes from thymus, bursa and spleen. Proper dilution of the RACBns, K produced a serum which was more cytotoxic for thymic lymphocytes than bursal lymphocytes. This study indicates the presence of brain-associated thymic antigens in the chicken.
Drug effects on sucessive discrimination learning in young chickens.
Chicks were trained to avoid pecking either a red or a blue bead in a one-trial avoidance task by coating one bead with methy anthranilate. They avoided the aversant bead on retention tests 10 to 180 min or 24 hr after learning, but not the neutral bead. Intracranial administration of ouabain or cycloheximide (CXM) 5 min before learning resulted in decay in retention after 10 and 30 min respectively following learning, discrimination being effective prior to those times. In a second experiment, chicks were trained on three physically distinct beads, two of which were made aversive during the learning period, the training trials separated by an hour. Saline-treated chickens retained memory of both aversive beads on retention trials 180 min later. CXM- and ouabain-treated chickens showed loss of memory for the bead associated with the drug but showed retention of the task which was not associated with the drug.