Biomedical subjects

J M Blanc

Publications and source records attributed to J M Blanc.

16 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

A blue variant in the rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum.

A blue variant of the rainbow trout, which appeared in a French fish farm, displayed an iridescent body color that was cobalt blue on the back, lighter on the undersides, and silvery on the belly and which held up to adult stage. This color was supposed to result from a Tyndall effect involving a structural arrangement of melanin pigments because it disappeared when it was associated with a depigmenting gene. This blue variant appeared to be governed by an autosomal recessive gene. Blue fry survival and body weight were about 25% less than those of wild-type sibs, but no major problem was observed in further breeding performances, including reproduction. These features do not correspond with those of the blue variants previously described in the rainbow trout.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Genetic variation of resistance to mercury poisoning in steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) alevins.

Newly hatched steelhead alevins were obtained from the factorial breeding of 24 male and 10 female steelhead trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Each set of offspring were in a separate cell. They were tested for resistance to intoxication by methylmercuric chloride (CH3HgCl) in water at a nearly constant mercury concentration of 8 microg l(-1). High mortality (81% of the tested alevins) occurred within 2 weeks. Resistance to intoxication, as measured by the time to death, as well as by the survival rate, shared high paternal and maternal variation with negligible interaction. Heritability of time to death was 0.59 +/- 0.17; heritability of survival (all-or-none trait) was lower (0.26 +/- 0.09). Mercury in dead alevins increased with time to death, exhibiting a large environmental variation and (comparatively) negligible genetic influence. At the end of the bioassay, the mercury content in survivors varied widely (3-21 microg g(-1) wet weight). The content was greater than, but correlated with that of dead alevins from the same cells, and it showed little relation with survival rate. Thus, it seems that resistance to poisoning implies a tolerance to high levels of mercury rather than a limitation of its accumulation.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Evolution of genetic variability in a population of the edible snail, Helix aspersa Müller, undergoing domestication and short-term selection.

The evolution of genetic variability is studied in six successive generations of a population originating from wild Helix aspersa. During the first three generations (G1 to G3), no artificial selection was applied. During the next three generations (G4 to G6), two lines were reared: a control line (C) and a line (S) selected for increased adult weight. Genetic variability is described by genealogical parameters (inbreeding, number of founders, effective number of founders and ancestors, effective number of remaining genomes) and by the additive genetic variance in adult weight. A large decrease in all parameters was observed between G1 and G2, suggesting strong natural selection: additive genetic variance in adult weight (transformed data) decreased from 0.0119 +/- 3.8 x 10(-3) to 0.0070 +/- 1.7 x 10(-3) (P < 0.05) and effective number of ancestors from 97.4 to 67.0. Selection also caused a large decrease during the first generation: additive genetic variance was 0.0079 +/- 2.1 x 10(-3) in G3 and 0.0040 +/- 1.1 x 10(-3) after the first selection cycle (P < 0.02). At the same time, the effective number of ancestors decreased from 59.2 to 29.5 and 24.2. This decrease is consistent with the theory of selection and the Bulmer effect.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Direct and correlated responses to individual selection for large adult weight in the edible snail Helix aspersa Muller.

A selection experiment for large adult weight based on individual performance was conducted for three generations in Helix aspersa aspersa. A second line was kept as an unselected control line. Direct response measured as deviation from the control line was 3.55 g after three generations of artificial selection, which averaged 13%. Realized heritability was 0.38 +/- 0.04. Correlated responses to selection showed a significant increase in weight after hibernation, mean egg weight and mean weight of newly-hatched snails with selection. For adult age, egg number, and hatching rate, no significant change correlated to selection was found, but this is to be confirmed.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[Wegener's granulomatosis: localization in the subglottic space].

In the paper is presented a localized form of Wegener's granulomatosis. This entity being considered as incipient stage of the disease. Its better knowledge and consequent early diagnosis has contributed to increase the clinic pictures. We report one of these cases sitting on the subglottic space, in a 40-years-old woman, beginning with a serious dyspnea. Several clinic aspects of the disease are emphasized as well the immunologic procedures helping to the diagnosis and to day's classifications. Finally, the better prognosis of localized forms, because its excellent response to immunosuppresants, is stressed.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

[Vaginal hysterectomy. Role of laparoscopic preparation. Our experience].

The aim of this publication is to define the indications of laparoscopically prepared vaginal hysterectomy. Vaginal hysterectomy is for the authors the best way to perform hysterectomy, but unfortunately it is not always possible in benign lesions and may be insufficient for malignant tumors. As from 1992, they have introduced laparoscopy in their therapeutical approach. From January 1992 to February 1995 they have performed 268 hysterectomies and in 34 cases have done a laparoscopically prepared intervention. They precise their indications, surgical techniques, analyze their results and compare their experience to that found in the literature.

Female↗

PubMed1992

[Cold tuberculous retropharyngeal abscess].

The AA. present a report about a patient having a cold tuberculous abscess which symptomatologic manifested through dysphagia and cervico-brachialgia. Comments on the most remarkable aspects of these conditions.

Abscess↗

PubMed1992

[Disseminated lupus erythematosus discovered during delivery: a difficult diagnosis].

The authors report a case of lupus showed in labour by the presence of generalised convulsions and coma after the crisis. This was followed by labile transitory hypertension, by massive proteinuria which cleared in 15 days, by major hyperthermia (higher than 39.5 degrees) and transitory agranulocytosis. The infant had a purely biological neonatal lupus. Pregnancy in a lupus patient has two risks: the mother's relapses of lupus, it is usual that renal failure is the worst of the prognostic features, but in this patient cerebral complications were much more serious. In the fetus there is a risk of spontaneous abortion linked to the anticardiolipin antibody level, and the risk of disease in the heart due to the anti-SSA (or anti-Ro) factor giving rise to congenital auriculo-ventricular blocks. The therapeutic possibilities are classically treated with immunosuppressants, mainly corticoids, which is added to low doses of aspirin. Plasmaphoresis and immunoglobulin treatments are being tried out.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989