Biomedical subjects
J M Bouvet
Publications and source records attributed to J M Bouvet.
[Treatment of superior incisor gemination].
An 11 year old child presented to our department with an isolated abnormality of the left superior median incisor which was bigeminate. The existence of two distinct roots allowed the separation of 21 and 21 b with extraction of 21 b and preservation of 21, whose crown was reconstituted by means of a composite. There was a favourable outcome with conservation of the vitality of the tooth and no signs of ankylosis.
[Pathogenesis of infraclusions].
Any case of infraclusion should be considered to be a defect of the vertical adaptation of the dental system, i.e. as a local alveolar disturbance. Two types of pathogenesis can be proposed: an interposition between the dental arches of an obstacle which prevents the egression of the teeth and, the lesser known pathogenesis, the pressure exerted simultaneously on the vestibular and lingual surfaces of the incisors can, because of the oblique surface of contact, result in a system of forces which results in the arrest of dental eruption.
[Management of neuromuscular training and psychotherapy].
In 9 out of 10 cases it is a very simple matter to persuade children age 7 to 9 years to stop sucking their thumbs by means of very elementary and brief supportive psychotherapy. In the majority of cases it is possible, three months after interruption of the habit and after studying the morphologic improvement, to decide whether treatment should be completed by education of deglutition and of phonetic articulation, possible after previous mechanical treatment if this is justified by the residual vestibulolingual bite disorder.
[Pitfalls in the symptomatology of orthodontics].
Certain anatomical characteristics typical of infancy may be the cause of problems during clinical examinations in orthodontics. The rounded cheeks of our small patients often mask the presence of a cephalic dysymmetry . Furthermore, the particular relation between the gums and the dental crowns makes it more difficult for evaluation of the vestibulo-lingual and mesio-distal inclinations of the teeth and the interpretation of the articulation. However, most pitfalls arise during examination of the buccal musculature at rest and during activity. These errors in infants can be avoided by the use of simple precautions.
[Critique of the interpretation of Angle's classification].
Physiological mesiodistal inclinations of the permanent first molars are now well recognized. These inclinations can be measured without difficulty on a lateral teleradiographic image of the head. Several cases are reported where anatomical normality of articulation of the molars did not correspond with physiological normal limits.
[Pathogenesis of spontaneous late changes in the dental arches].
During childhood and adolescent years, the buccal musculature characteristics as well as the anatomical relation between the lips and the incisors, change. The consequence of these maturation phenomena is the retroclination of the incisors. In certain cases, this results in a decrease of the dental arches' length which is sufficient to create those belated dental malpositionings due to lack of space.
[Growth of the jaws and anisochronia of bone growth].
Teleradiographic recordings were employed to compare growth of maxillary skeleton and changes in dental systems. Facial growth occurs at a constant rate during the period when growth in stature is firstly slowed, and then accelerates with the approach of puberty. Growth rates of different parts of the skeleton are not parallel and the face is not involved in the prepubertal acceleration in statural growth. In contrast, puberty affects the adaptation of the dental system to its maxillary insertion bases by its action on buccal musculature.
[Statistical study of alveolar process inclination. Analysis of results of teleradiographic examinations of the head, in sagittal and vertical projection, in 1 600 children referred for consultation in a specialised dentofacial orthopedic unit (author's transl)].
For 1 600 children sent to a dental facial orthopedics consultation, the vestibulo lingual inclination of the incisors and molars was measured on two cephalograms of the head, the first one in profile, the second in vertical incidence, the X-Rays being perpendicular to the plane of the biting surfaces of the molar teeth. A statistical analysis was realized on the dental inclination previously observed in order to precise the frequency and amplitude of each anomaly, test their associations and evoke their muscular causes.
[Maxillomandibular dysfunction (author's transl)].
After 7 years, mandibular growth is on the average over three times the deepening of the upper maxilla's. The exact superimposing of X-rays taken of the same child at different ages makes it possible to observe relationships varying widely from this average. The greatness of these individual variations is a supplementary proof in favour of the autonomy of mandibular growth with respect to that of the rest of the facial mass.
[Changes in compensatory inclination of the alveolar processes (author's transl)].
When facial growth occurs in a manner outside general rules, progressive adaptation of the dental system to slow modification in the anatomical relations of the upper and lower jaws occurs by means of progressive compensatory inclination of the alveolar processes. This results, according to the direction of movement, in an increase or decrease in the space available for the teeth. In the two cases presented as examples, teleradiography of the head in lateral and vertical views demonstrated changes in the length and width of the dental arcades.
[Recent concepts about the narrowness of the dental arch].
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[Teleradiographic angle from the front of the face].
An antero-posterior teleradiographic view of the face, with the prinicipal ray parallel with the biting plane of the molars, makes it possible to complete the morphological study undertaken with lateral teleradiography and that taken with a vertical incidence. It is well known that certain complex dysmorphoses can be analysed only with three views taken in orthogonal planes. However it is obvious that whilst one now has available valuable methods of examination for precise morphological study, not all of the useful radiological signs are known. New research is required in order to exploit as efficiently as possible these examinations and thus enrich knowledge of radiological appearances. Finally, it is also desirable that these precise films should be useful not only in facio-dental orthopaedics but also in other branches of our specialty.
[Psychology and dentofacial orthopedics. Apropos of various results].
What should be done about the child who sucks his thumb? If the child has no dento-maxillary deformity, he should be left to suck his thumb. In the presence of deformities, it would seem wise not to interfere before the age of 6 or 7 years. Firstly, the majority of thumb suckers abandon this behavior spontaneously between 3 and 7 years, and secondly it is only at the age of 6 years that the milk teeth begin to be replaced by the adult dentition. An early intervention has the risk of being ineffective or even of reinforcing the habit and leading to other problems. After 7 years, the child with deformities should be examined and in the absence of an psychological contraindication, "invigoration psychotherapy" should be undertaken in order to put a stop to the thumb sucking habit. Finally, when the 8 year old continues to suck his thumb despite psychotherapy by the psychologist or the stomatologist, the advice of a child psychiatrist must be sought in order to determine whether the symptom which the habit represents should be disturbed or not.
[Statistical study of the duration of mineralization of the crown of the upper wisdom tooth. Its incidence in germ enucleation].
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[Abnormal inclinations of the alveolar process; incidence of total forms].
Statistics from 1500 orthodontic cases confirm the frequency of total clinical forms of inclination abnormalities of the alveolar processes. The results obtained emphasize the importance of teleradiography of the head in a vertical position, the X-rays being directed perpendicularly in the direction of the plane of bite of the molars, completing in a transverse direction the morphological examinations begun by teleradiographies of the side of the face.