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Biomedical subjects

J M Buckley

Publications and source records attributed to J M Buckley.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Champ Camp: the Colorado Children's Asthma Camp experience.

To encourage children with asthma to enjoy outdoor activities without physical or psychosocial impairment, children's asthma camps are established throughout the country sponsored by organizations including local and state allergy societies. We wish to describe our Colorado "Champ Camp" experience as a model and reference for future similar efforts and to encourage networking by medical leadership for information sharing and guidelines development nationally. Statistics from parents' satisfaction surveys over 8 years demonstrate a positive influence on attitudes toward asthma and confidence to enter activities and sports with children without asthma.

Asthma↗
PubMed1988

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in obstetrics. I. Maternal anatomy.

We assessed the ability of magnetic resonance, a recently introduced imaging technique, to demonstrate the maternal anatomy in obstetrics. The signal intensity of different maternal tissues using T1 and T2 weighted sequences was examined. The bony pelvis is depicted with sufficient clarity to provide an alternative to conventional X-ray pelvimetry. The placenta and cervix have a distinctive appearance facilitating the diagnosis of placenta praevia. The unique demonstration of cervical morphology will offer the potential for investigation into the ill-understood conditions of cervical dystocia and cervical incompetence.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1988

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in obstetrics. II. Fetal anatomy.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in 36 patients at between 10 and 38 weeks gestation to determine the fetal anatomy that could be identified at different gestations. Fetal motion significantly degraded the image quality in the first and second trimesters, but in the final trimester fetal anatomy was clearly demonstrated. T2 weighted sequences showed the fetal brain and lungs to have a high signal intensity. Shorter TR leading to a T1 weighting gave better resolution of the overall anatomy. MRI has revealed the potential for assessment of lung maturity and the growth-retarded fetus.

Brain↗
PubMed1978

The beneficial effect of nasal breathing on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.

In the first step of a study of the relation of nasal and oral breathing during moderate treadmill exercise to the onset of bronchoconstriction in young patients with perennial bronchial asthma, it was observed that most subjects spontaneously breathed with their mouths open when instructed to breathe "naturally." Subsequently, when they were required to breathe only through the nose during the exercise, an almost complete inhibition of the postexercise bronchoconstrictive airway response was demonstrated. When instructed to breathe only through the mouth during exercise, an increased bronchoconstrictive airway response occurred, as measured by spirometry, flow-volume relationships, and body plethysmography. These findings suggest that the nasopharynx and the oropharynx play important roles in the phenomenon of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Clinical value of bronchial provocation testing in childhood asthma.

Previous studies have shown a positive relationship between the results of skin tests, radioallergosorbent tests, and bronchial provocation testing. The purpose of this study was to compare the results of skin and bronchial provocation testing to determine the extent to which the results of provocation testing could be predicted from puncture and intracutaneous skin tests. In the 1,596 provocation tests performed in 276 patients, more than 90% of patients with a wheal greater than or equal to 5 mm in diameter on skin testing by puncture technique using 1:20 w/v allergen extract experienced positive reactions on provocation testing for most antigens. If the wheal produced by puncture testing was less than 5 mm in diameter, a large wheal on intracutaneous testing only slightly increased the likelihood of a positive challenge, but if the wheal on intracutaneous testing was less than 5 mm, a positive challenge did not occur. It is concluded that the results of provocation tests may often be predicted from simple skin testing, and that in clinical use, provocation testing is likely to be useful primarily in patients for whom skin testing indicates moderate sensitization to allergens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

A comparison of personality types among female student health professionals.

The purpose of the study reported here was to focus on the personality traits of six groups of women students in medicine, pharmacy, medical technology, physical therapy, dietetics, and occupational therapy. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator was administered to all groups to measure Extroversion-Introversion, Sensing-Intuition, Thinking-Feeling, and Judging-Perception. Results show that (a) medical students in contrast to the other five groups are guided more by thinking than feelings in their approach to work and people and (b) pharmacy students prefer well-planned, routine work in contrast to occupational therapy students who like changing situations and flexibility. Some implications of these findings for the health team are mentioned.

Chicago↗
PubMed1976

The total eosinophil count in asthmatic children.

The diurnal variation in total eosinophil count (TEC) in asthmatic children not on medications or on thophylline-containing bronchodilators orally every 6 hr is similar to that reported in normal subjects, with a decrease in TEC in the morning and an increase in the evening. Asthmatic children taking prednisone in 8:00 A.M. on alternate days have diurnal variations in TEC on the "day off" prednisone similar to those on normal children. On the "day on" prednisone, administered either on a daily or alternate-day basis, TECs approach zero 4 to 8 hr after prednisone is taken. The TEC then increases in the evening as it does in children not taking prednisone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

A comparison of pulmonary function tests in detecting exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.

In an attempt to compare most of the available pulmonary function tests in detecting airway obstruction after exercise, two studies were conducted. In the first study 24 bronchodilator-dependent asthmatic boys were evaluated before treadmill exercise (baseline) and at 7 and 30 minutes afterwards. The following pulmonary function parameters were measured: forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), maximum mid expiratory flow (MMEF), peak expiratory flow rate, thoracic gas volume, airway resistance, specific airway conductance (SGaw), and closing volume (CV). Results showed that SGaw, MMEF, and CV were the most sensitive parameters reflecting changes in airway caliber. Less significant changes also appeared in FEV1 and in FVC. The significance of these changes and their relationships to other parameters are discussed. In an attempt to better understand the effects of airway obstruction on the maximum-expiratory flow-volume curve (MMEF curve) after exersise, a second study was conducted. Comparisons were made between "classical" parameters such as MMEF (measured by spirometry), SGaw (measured by body plethysmography), and flow-volume parameters (measured by wedge spirometer). Sixteen asthmatic subjects (9 to 12 years of age) whose airway obstruction was further exacerbated by exercise of a moderate work load on the treadmill (2 w/kg of body weight) were studied. The asthmatic subjects were tested prior to exercise and at 7 and 30 minutes after exercise. All the measurements mentioned above were done in a randomized manner. When both MMEF and SGaw were decreased in the post-exercise period, significant correlations were obtained between these "classical" parameters and all of the flow-volume parameters. However, when only one of the two was decreased, no correlation could be obtained with any of the flow-volume parameters. It was concluded that under certain conditions flow-volume curves reflect airway obstruction satisfactorily, but under other conditions they appear to be less sensitive than the "classic" parameters. These results are also discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

The total eosinophil count and adrenal function in asthmatic children.

In 36 asthmatic children 8:00 a.m. plasma cortisol levels were compared with changes in their total eosinophil count (TEC) from 8:00 a.m. to 9:30 a.m. All children with low cortisol levels had decreases in TEC of less than 2%, whereas 78% of children with normal cortisol levels had decreases greater than 15%. All children with decreases greater than 15% had normal cortisol levels.

Adolescent↗