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Biomedical subjects

J M Coleman

Publications and source records attributed to J M Coleman.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Synovial fluid lactic acid in septic arthritis.

Lactic acid concentrations in the synovial fluid of 71 patients with inflammatory arthritis were determined by an enzyme method. In 63 samples from 54 patients with a variety of non-septic arthritides, including rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis and gout, the concentration of lactic acid was never greater than 10.2 mmol/l, whereas all twelve patients with septic arthritis had concentrations of 11 mmol/l or greater. Two patients with gonococcal arthritis did not have raised lactic acid concentrations. The enzyme method of lactic acid estimation is an accurate reproducible means of differentiating septic from nonseptic arthritis prior to the isolation of the infecting organism. However, caution is necessary when interpreting the results in those patients who have recently received antibiotic therapy, or in whom gonococcal arthritis is suspected.

Arthritis, Infectious↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hypercarbic ventilatory responses of infants at risk for SIDS.

We examined the hypercarbic ventilatory responses (HVR) of 143 infants at risk for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and 34 normal control infants. Sixty-five of the at-risk infants had experienced apparent life-threatening events (ALTE), and 78 were siblings of SIDS victims. Twenty-three (35%) of the ALTE infants experienced subsequent apnea; one died of SIDS. Seven (9%) of the SIDS siblings experienced subsequent apnea; two ultimately died of SIDS. In the HVR studies, we measured tidal volume (VT), minute ventilation (VE), frequency of breathing (f), and end-tidal PCO2 (PETCO2) at rest and while breathing 2% and 4% CO2. Mean HVR vales for the ALTE, sibling, and control groups were all similar. The mean HVR values for those at-risk infants who experienced subsequent apnea were not different from those who did not experience subsequent apnea. However, those infants experiencing subsequent apnea had higher mean VT/kg values (P less than 0.01) and lower mean PETCO2 values (P less than 0.001) than those who did not. The SIDS siblings had significantly lower resting VT/kg values than either the near-miss infants or normal controls (P less than 0.01). We did not find depressed HVR values in infants at risk for SIDS. On the contrary, those infants who experienced subsequent apnea had evidence suggesting relative hyperventilation. SIDS siblings had evidence suggesting relative hypoventilation. These findings are interesting and thought-provoking. However, HVR studies do not appear to be sensitive, specific, or appropriate for the general screening of infants at risk for SIDS.

Apnea↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Learning disabilities and social competence: a social ecological perspective.

To explore the relationship between learning disabilities (LD) and social competence, various indexes of social and academic competence were collected from a sample of students with LD, as well as a matched sample of children without disabilities, in Grades 3-6. Measures included academic grades, teacher perceptions, peer perceptions, self-perceptions, social network outside of school, and direct observation of social interactions. Results suggest that children with LD differ from children without disabilities on virtually all indexes of academic competence, regardless of social status. In the social domain, children with LD had higher self-concept scores than did children without disabilities. Most social differences were linked to the child's peer status, independent of disability.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR of the spinal cord in a patient with herpes zoster.

Increased signal intensity on initial magnetic resonance images of the spinal cord in a patient with herpes zoster demonstrated that this virus caused inflammation of the cervical spinal cord. This pathology corresponded well with neurologic deficits seen clinically, but the extent of the neurologic deficits ultimately could not be determined by magnetic resonance of the spinal cord alone because the nerve roots were also affected.

Aged↗