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Biomedical subjects

J M Dobson

Publications and source records attributed to J M Dobson.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Radiotherapy of oral malignant melanomas in dogs.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate response to radiotherapy in dogs with oral malignant melanomas. DESIGN: Clinical trial. ANIMALS: 36 dogs with histologically confirmed oral malignant melanomas. PROCEDURE: The prescribed radiation dose was 36 Gy given in 4 fractions of 9 Gy at 7-day intervals. The primary radiation source was a linear accelerator. RESULTS: In 25 of 36 dogs, complete remission was achieved, and in 9 dogs, partial remission was achieved. Recurrence of the primary tumor was the cause of euthanasia of 4 dogs. Twenty-one dogs were euthanatized because of metastasis. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Radiotherapy was an effective palliative treatment for the primary tumor in dogs with oral malignant melanomas. However, rapid development of metastatic disease remained a major challenge.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Malignant histiocytosis in three Bernese mountain dogs.

Malignant histiocytosis is a rare disease which is characterised by the neoplastic proliferation of tissue macrophages (histiocytes) leading to excessive phagocytosis of erythrocytes. The clinical signs and pathological findings in three Bernese mountain dogs are described. Two of the dogs had the same sire. The disease has been established as a familial problem in Bernese mountain dogs in other countries, although it has not been previously recorded in the United Kingdom.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Use of tamoxifen in the control of canine mammary neoplasia.

Ninety-three bitches which had undergone mammary tumour surgery were entered into a clinical trial to examine the effects of ovariohysterectomy (spaying) at the time of mammary surgery and the use of the drug tamoxifen in preventing the recurrence of the tumour and/or the development of new mammary tumours. Twenty-three of the bitches which had been spayed were allocated tamoxifen but only 18 of them complied with the treatment and in nine of these the treatment was stopped owing to side effects (mostly oestrogenic). Too few animals were studied to draw conclusions about the possible preventative effects of tamoxifen on mammary neoplasia, but the high percentage of bitches affected by oestrogen-like side effects may reduce the compliance of owners and prevent tamoxifen being widely used in dogs.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Generation of blood-derived dendritic cells in dogs with oral malignant melanoma.

Advances in treatment of human melanoma indicate that immunotherapy, particularly dendritic cell (DC) immunization, may prove useful. The aim of this study was to investigate whether blood-derived DCs could be generated from canine melanoma patients. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from three such dogs and cultured with recombinant canine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), canine interleukin 4 and human Flt3-ligand for 7 days. The resulting cells demonstrated a typical dendritic morphology, and were enriched for cells expressing CD1a, CD11c and MHC II by flow cytometric analysis. Thus, canine blood-derived DCs can be generated in vitro and DC immunization should be feasible in dogs.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Response of 145 spontaneous canine head and neck tumours to radiation versus radiation plus microwave hyperthermia: results of a randomized phase III clinical study.

The results of a phase III, clinical trial of local microwave hyperthermia (target = 2 x 44 degrees C for 30 min) and megavoltage radiation (4 x 9 Gy fractions) in the treatment of 145 naturally occurring canine head and neck cancers are reported. Patients were re-examined at regular intervals following treatment until death. The median follow up time was 90 weeks. Tumour response, patient survival and normal tissue toxicity were analysed by treatment allocation. There was no significant difference in best tumour response nor patient survival between the two treatment groups. There was no difference in acute normal tissue toxicity but there was a suggestion that patients receiving RT and HT may suffer a higher incidence of late skin reactions. Histological type and tumour volume were of prognostic significance with smaller tumours and carcinomas showing higher response rates. There were also positive associations between minimum tumour dose and best tumour response and percentage of tumour heated and best tumour response. The results of this study must be interpreted in the knowledge of limitations on the dose and fractionation schedule for radiation therapy, the small number of hyperthermia treatments applied and the variation in tumour type and size that is inevitable in a clinical study. It is concluded that the quality of hyperthermia in terms of intra-tumour temperatures and the uniformity of heating is of paramount importance in governing response to adjuvant hyperthermia.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

SEPPD and HPPD: more effective control of nursing care costs.

A study of acute care hospital inpatient units demonstrates that the level of correlation between salary expenses per patient day (SEPPD) and hours per patient day (HPPD) is not strong enough to support the continued use of HPPD as the only parameter for monitoring and controlling nursing salary expenses. Findings indicate that chief nursing executives (CNEs) must consider hours and dollars, if they are to achieve effective fiscal management and appropriate influence within the organization.

Cost Control↗