Clinically subtle primary cutaneous melanoma.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J M Henneberry.
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Based on data from autopsy, radical prostatectomy, and cystoprostatectomy specimens, it has been suggested that the finding of intraluminal crystalloids in benign glands on needle biopsy may indicate a concurrent carcinoma; therefore, repeat biopsy is recommended. We studied data from 56 consecutive needle biopsies from the Johns Hopkins Hospital and Dianon Systems in which the diagnosis of intraluminal crystalloids in benign glands was rendered and follow-up data were subsequently obtained. Cases in which crystalloids were present in glands suspicious for cancer, in glands of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, or in adenosis were excluded from the study. Follow-up data included repeat biopsy results and serum prostatic specific antigen levels. Of the 56 men, 31 (55%) had repeat biopsy (two underwent transurethral resection of the prostate [TURP]); the remaining men were either noncompliant or had medical conditions precluding subsequent biopsy. Of the 31 men who underwent repeat biopsies, 23 (74%) had benign diagnoses, one (3%) had high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, and seven (23%) had adenocarcinoma. There was no difference in serum prostate-specific antigen values between those with and without cancer on repeat biopsy. In a control population of men with a benign first biopsy not showing crystalloids, the incidence of cancer on repeat biopsy was 16.2%, which was not statistically significantly different from the incidence found in our study group. We conclude that men with prostate biopsy results showing benign glands with crystalloids are at no significantly higher risk of having cancer on repeat biopsy than if crystalloids were not present.
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The contribution of each of the seven asparagine-linked oligosaccharide side chains on the hemagglutinin of the A/Aichi/68 (X31) strain of influenza virus was assessed with respect to its effect on the folding, intracellular transport, and biological activities of the molecule. Twenty mutant influenza virus hemagglutinins were constructed and expressed, each of which had one or more of the seven glycosylation sites removed. Investigations of these mutant hemagglutinins indicated that (i) no individual oligosaccharide side chain is necessary or sufficient for the folding, intracellular transport, or function of the molecule, (ii) at least five oligosaccharide side chains are required for the X31 hemagglutinin molecule to move along the exocytic pathway to the plasma membrane, and (iii) mutant hemagglutinins having less than five oligosaccharide side chains form intracellular aggregates and are retained in the endoplasmic reticulum.
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Early detection of melanoma and identification of potential markers or precursor lesions can substantially improve survival. Several risk factors have been identified in the pathogenesis of this potentially lethal cancer. Numerous reports in the literature have confirmed a subset of persons with an increased risk of developing melanoma. These patients are identified by a distinctive clinical phenotype depicted by unusually appearing melanocytic nevi (moles) in association with an increased number of total body nevi. They may have a family history of atypical moles or melanoma. In order to facilitate the recognition of such individuals by the non-dermatologist, a brief overview and salient features of the atypical mole syndrome are presented.