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Biomedical subjects

J M Henriksen

Publications and source records attributed to J M Henriksen.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Protective effect and duration of action of inhaled formoterol and salbutamol on exercise-induced asthma in children.

The magnitude and duration of protection against exercise-induced asthma (EIA) afforded by salbutamol and the new, long-acting beta 2-agonist, formoterol, were compared in a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study. Twelve children with asthma and EIA (greater than 25% fall from baseline at a pretrial exercise test) were studied on 3 different days receiving, in random order, either formoterol, 12 micrograms, salbutamol, 200 micrograms, or placebo by inhalation. The effect on EIA was evaluated by standardized treadmill-exercise tests repeated at the following times after medication: 1/2 hour (test 1), 3 hours (test 2), and, if the trial drug still demonstrated an effect, 5 1/2 hours (test 3) and 8 hours (test 4). The mean (SD) maximum percent fall in FEV1 at the pretrial test was 45% (14%). Placebo treatment had no effect on EIA. The mean (SD) maximum percent fall in FEV1 was 44% (14%) (test 1) and 39% (13%) (test 2) (not significant). Salbutamol offered good protection against EIA after 1/2 hour (percent fall in FEV1, 18% [18%]; p less than 0.02) but was not significantly different from that of placebo after 3 hours, 39% (13%) fall in FEV1. Formoterol blocked EIA in all the children and demonstrated a significant effect in most children for at least 8 hours. The percent fall in FEV1 after the various tests were 8% (16%) (test 1), 10% (9%) (test 2), 18% (15%) (test 3), and 18% (7%) (test 4; N = 9) (all tests, p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1988

Effect of nedocromil sodium on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in children.

A double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study investigated the efficacy of nedocromil sodium in reducing bronchoconstriction subsequent to exercise challenge in asthmatic children. Twelve children aged 7-14 years (mean 10.8 years) were pretreated with nedocromil sodium aerosol (2 inhalations; 2 mg/inhalation) or matching placebo, 30 min prior to treadmill running. Lung function was measured at regular intervals postexercise and the mean maximum percentage decrease in PEF and FEV1 compared following nedocromil sodium or placebo pretreatment. Nedocromil sodium significantly reduced the fall in PEF (P less than 0.001) and FEV1 (P less than 0.001) and provided significantly greater protection (P less than 0.001) than placebo. No adverse reactions or unusual symptoms were observed.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1986

Red wine asthma: a controlled challenge study.

Drinking red wine may provoke bronchospasm in subjects with asthma. In order to reveal some of the possible agents involved in this reaction, 18 patients with a history of red wine-induced asthma were studied. They received, in a double-blind fashion, red wine with low sulfur dioxide (SO2) and high amine, high SO2 and high amine and low SO2 and low amine content. In each challenge, the wine was administered in stepwise increasing quantities until a total of 385 ml or a fall in peak expiratory flow of greater than 15% was reached. Nine subjects demonstrated a significant fall in peak flow in one or more challenges. In all cases the most severe reaction was observed after the wine with high SO2 content. The study suggests that SO2 is the most important factor in red wine-induced asthma. It is recommended that wine labels provide information on the SO2 content.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Reproducibility of exercise-induced asthma in children.

The reproducibility of exercise-induced asthma (EIA) was studied in children with perennial asthma, using treadmill exercise challenge tests repeated at mean intervals of 1 week (Group I, n = 20), 1 month (Group II, n = 20) and 1 year (group III, n = 18). The protocol was standardized with respect to intensity and duration of exercise, time of last medication prior to exercise, air humidity, use of corticosteroids, asthma attacks, and 6) pollen season. The mean percentage fall in peak expiratory flow (PEF) following exercise remained significantly unchanged in the three groups. The reproducibility of EIA was improved compared with previous studies. Although the random variation of EIA tended to be greater in Group III, the individual severity of EIA was remarkably stable whatever the interval between tests. Improvements in baseline airway function between tests were not followed by a simultaneous decrease in EIA. In conclusion, the severity of EIA is reproducible in children with perennial asthma, when the exercise protocol is standardized for factors known to influence bronchial reactivity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Seasonal variation in children with asthma and in those with rhinitis.

Standardized exercise challenge tests, symptom scores and whole-blood eosinophil and basophil counts were made before and during the pollen season in 32 children suffering from hay fever (n = 16) or hay fever and asthma (n = 16). All participants developed rhinitis symptoms during the season. The hay fever group showed in addition a significant seasonal increase in cough score (but in no other asthma symptom) and in circulating eosinophils (P less than 0.01); mean exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) did not change despite a slight increase in a few subjects. The asthma group showed seasonal increases in EIB (P less than 0.001), asthma symptom score (P less than 0.002), and total eosinophil count (P less than 0.001). The increase in the latter was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) than that in the hay fever group. The relative basophil count remained unchanged in both groups. In conclusion, the hay fever group and the asthma group could be clearly distinguished with respect to EIB during natural pollen exposure. The significantly higher increases in EIB and circulating eosinophils observed in the asthma group might possibly be due to greater pollen antigen sensitivity in the asthmatics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Effect of an intranasally administered corticosteroid (budesonide) on nasal obstruction, mouth breathing, and asthma.

The effect of intranasally administered corticosteroid (budesonide) on nasal symptoms, mode of respiration (nasal versus mouth breathing), and asthma was investigated in 37 asthmatic children who were mouth breathers because of chronic nasal obstruction. After a 2-wk run-in period, the children were allocated randomly to 4 wk of intranasal therapy with either budesonide (400 micrograms/day) or placebo spray. A double-blind, parallel design was used. Diaries for peak expiratory flow, asthma, and rhinitis symptom scores and degree of mouth breathing were recorded at home. Nasal eosinophilia, nasal airway resistance at a flow of 0.2 L/s (NAR0.2), and lung function at rest and after exercise challenge were assessed at the clinic immediately before and at end of the 4-wk treatment. Budesonide, when compared with placebo, significantly decreased nasal obstruction (p less than 0.05), secretion (p less than 0.01), and eosinophilia (p less than 0.02), as well as NAR0.2 (p less than 0.05) and mouth breathing (p less than 0.01). The improvement in nasal obstruction correlated closely to the changes in mouth breathing (r = 0.80, n = 17, p less than 0.001). Furthermore, intranasally administered budesonide resulted in less exercise-induced asthma (EIA) (p less than 0.02) and decreased cough and asthma severity significantly. Pulmonary mechanics were only marginally improved. The present study showed that intranasally administered budesonide is effective in the treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis. An attenuation of EIA and a tendency to less asthma after budesonide therapy suggest a decrease in bronchial reactivity, but the results gave no clear evidence of an association between nasal airway function and asthma.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1983

Effect of physical training on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.

A 6-week period of physical training of 28 asthmatic children reduced the exercise-induced percentage fall in peak expiratory flow (from baseline) from 44 +/- 4% (mean +/- SE) to 30 +/- 4%. Resting pulmonary function was unchanged. Resting and maximum heart rate (submaximal treadmill running) and postexercise plasma lactate were all lowered by training. The individual values for exercise-induced bronchoconstriction and postexercise plasma lactate correlated positively before and after training. Furthermore, the training-induced reduction in these parameters correlated. In 14 asthmatic children, who served as controls, exercise-induced bronchoconstriction and physical fitness remained unchanged during a comparable period. The study demonstrates a beneficial effect of endurance training on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction and working capacity.

Asthma↗
PubMed1983

Effects of inhaled budesonide alone and in combination with low-dose terbutaline in children with exercise-induced asthma.

The effect of aerosolized terbutaline in a dose of 32.5 micrograms and its placebo, administered in a double-blind fashion, was studied in 14 children with exercise-induced asthma (EIA) before and during a 4-wk treatment period with aerosolized steroid (budesonide, 400 micrograms/day). Effects were assessed from the changes in peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and forced expiratory flow (FEF25-75) before and after treadmill exercise challenge. Compared with placebo there was a significant improvement in pulmonary function after terbutaline. During budesonide therapy, pulmonary function improved further, but there was no enhancement of the response to terbutaline. Terbutaline alone, budesonide plus placebo, and budesonide plus terbutaline reduced the exercise-induced fall in FEV1 by 30, 51, and 84%, respectively. The effect of budesonide on EIA was delayed during the 4 wk of treatment as compared with the improvement in resting pulmonary function. The present results suggest that 1 to 4 wk of therapy with inhaled corticosteroids decreases the severity of EIA. Further, the combined effect of inhaled corticosteroid and beta-2 agonist on pulmonary function appears to be additive.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Influence of relative humidity and repeated exercise on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.

The relationship between previous exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) of different magnitude and the pulmonary response to exercise 1 h later was examined in asthmatic children. After acclimatization they performed repeated, paired exercise tests in a clean-air climatic chamber at 23 degree C. The first test of each pair was carried out in 15%, 50% and 85% relative humidity (RH), respectively, to produce different degrees of EIB. All second tests were performed in 50% RH. Changes in pulmonary function were assessed by measuring PEF and FEV1. Bronchodilatation during exercise was not influenced by RH, whereas dry air increased and humid air decreased the bronchoconstrictive response to exercise. When both tests were performed in 50% RH, the second test caused significantly less EIB than did the first test. However, no differences were found between the three second test responses. This suggests that the relative refractoriness after an episode of EIB is not related to the severity of previous bronchoconstriction, but could be associated with exercise as such or other mechanisms in EIB.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Effects of physical training on plasma citrate and exercise-induced asthma.

Plasma citrate was determined in seven asthmatic children exposed to 6 min treadmill running before and after 6 weeks of physical training. Resting plasma citrate concentration increased from 116 +/- 9 mumol/l (mean +/- SE) before to 158 +/- 11 mumol/l after training (p less than 0.02). Plasma lactate increase during exercise was lowered by training (p less than 0.02); the individual change correlated inversely with the training-induced rise in resting plasma citrate concentration (r = -0.77, p less than 0.05). The postexercise percentage fall in peak expiratory flow rate decreased from 32 +/- 13% before to 15 +/- 8% after training (p less than 0.05). The results agree with the hypothesis that an increased citrate concentration of tissues, by inducing an inhibition of phosphofructokinase, may be of regulatory importance for the decreased lactate accumulation following endurance training in man. In addition, a beneficial effect of training on exercise-induced asthma is demonstrated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Effect of oral and inhaled sodium cromoglycate in exercise-induced asthma.

Ten patients with bronchial asthma reacting with bronchoconstriction after exercise were studied to compare the effect of oral sodium cromoglycate against sodium cromoglycate inhalation and placebo. Only sodium cromoglycate inhalations protected against exercise-induced asthma. The effect of sodium cromoglycate seems to be a local action of mucosal surfaces.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

Inhibition of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction by nebulised sodium cromoglycate in patients with bronchial asthma.

In this double blind study, 10 patients with bronchial asthma underwent exercise challenge on five occasions. The first of these was a control test carried out without prior drug administration; the other tests were preceded by the administration, in random order, of a sodium cromoglycate (SCG) capsule, a placebo capsule, an ampoule of sodium cromoglycate solution, and a placebo ampoule. Comparisons of the largest falls in PEFR after exercise showed statistically significant inhibition of exercise-induced bronchospasm, compared with control, with both SCG inhalation solution (P less than 0.01) and SCG powder (P less than 0.01). SCG powder was more active, but the difference was not significant. A significant difference in protection was found between SCG powder and its placebo (P less than 0.01). SCG inhalation solution was also more effective than its placebo, but the difference did not reach significance, since the latter conferred some protection.

Adolescent↗