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Biomedical subjects

J M Ivey

Publications and source records attributed to J M Ivey.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Effects of sevin on development of experimental estuarine communities.

The composition of animal communities developing from planktonic larvae in aquariums. A marked increase in the abundance of the annelid Polydora ligni in aquariums containing sand and flowing estuarine water was altered in the presence of the carbamate insecticide Sevin (carbaryl). Treatments were control and concentrations of Sevin that averaged 1.1, 11.1, and 103 micrograms/l; each treatment was replicated 8 times. Animals that colonized aquarium sand were collected in a 1-mm mesh sieve after 10 wk of exposure. Mollusks' arthropods, annelids, and nemerteans were the numerically dominant phyla. The average number of species per aquarium was significantly less (alpha = 0.05) in aquariums containing 11.1 or 103 micrograms/l than in those containing 1.1 micrograms/l or in control aquariums. The abundant clam Ensis minor grew significantly less in length at the higher concentrations of Sevin. The amphipod Corophium acherusicum was particularly affected; significantly fewer were found at all concentrations than in the control aquariums containing 103 micrograms/l corresponded to a marked decrease in the number of other annelids and to a significant absence of nemerteans.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Effects of pentachlorophenol on the development of estuarine communities.

Pentachlorophenol affected the composition of communities of estuarine organisms developed in sand from planktonic larvae in estuarine water that flowed through ten control aquaria and ten aquaria per exposure concentration averaging 7, 76, or 622 microgram/liter. Annelids, arthropods, and mollusks were the numerically dominant phyla when animals were collected in a 1-mm-mesh sieve after 9 wk of exposure. Mollusks were markedly fewer at 7 microgram/liter; annelids and arthropods at 76 microgram/liter. Almost no animals occurred at 622 microgram/liter. The total numbers of individuals and species were significantly less (alpha=0.01) in aquaria exposed to 76 microgram/liter than in those unexposed or exposed to 7 microgram/liter.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Effects of leached mirex on experimental communities of estuarine animals.

Experimental communities of various estuarine animals in outdoor tanks were exposed to a continuous flow of water containing mirex for 10 weeks. The mirex was leached from fire ant bait (0.3% active ingredient) by fresh water which was then mixed with salt water to yield exposure concentrations averaging 0.038 mug/L. The experiment simulated runoff from treated land into estuarine areas. Mortality of grass shrimp (Palaemonetes vulgaris), pin, shrimp (Penaeus duorarum), common mud crabs (Panopeus herbstii), and striped hermit crabs (Clibanarius vittatus) was significantly high in tanks containing the toxicant. Mortality of ribbed mussels (Modiolus demissus) and American oysters (Crassostrea virginica) was significantly lower in treated tanks, probably because numbers of both species of crabs, which ate the bivalves, were reduced. Sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus) were least affected by mirex. Almost all deaths occurred after 10 or more days of exposure. All exposed animals accumulated mirex, with maximum concentrations ranging from 5,500X (pink shrimp) to 73,700X (soft tissues of oysters) above the concentration in the water. Sand substratum contained mirex up to 1,500X that in the water. The study demonstrated that mirex can be leached from bait by fresh water and concentrated by and affect survival of members in an experimental estuarine community.

Animals↗