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Biomedical subjects

J M James

Publications and source records attributed to J M James.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Hodgkin's disease: the value of prognostic criteria and of the combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in localised lymphoid stages (I and II). 94 patients undergoing laparotomy (author's transl)].

Criteria reputed to be of grave prognostic significance were studied in 94 patients suffering from Hodgkin's disease at stages I and II, after laparotomy and splenectomy. The parameters studied (age, general signs, histological type, mediastinal involvement) are less prognostic factors than indications of unrecognised extension of the disease: almost 1/3 of unrecognised lesions in the presence of one of the criteria; almost 2/3 with two or more. Exploratory laparotomy revealed lesions unsuspected on the basis of clinical evaluation only in 10% of patients with no criteria of poor prognosis. The long term prognosis of the disease depends, in fact, not upon the existence of these criteria but upon the method used in initial treatment. Five year survival and cure rates are significantly better in patients treated with combined polychemotherapy (MOPP) and radiotherapy than in those treated with radiotherapy alone. These results would indicate that routine laparotomy should be abandoned in patients with a localised clinical staging if it is decided to begin treatment with a combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. So-called prognostic factors could then be used simply to vary the intensity of the treatment prescribed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

A canine model for reaginic hypersensitivity and allergic bronchoconstriction.

Immunization of neonatal dogs with a conjugate of 2,4-dinitrobenzene and ovalbumin (DNP2-OA), using aluminum hydroxide as the adjuvant, elicited long-lasting (over 30 wk) anti-DNP and anti-OA IgE antibody responses of high titers as determined by homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. Low antigen doses of 10 or 50 mug were more effective than the higher doses of 250 or 1,250 mug in inducing high IgE antibody levels. However, this method of immunization failed to elicity any detectable IgE antibody response in adult dogs. Bronchoprovocation with antigen of sensitized animals having IgE antibody titers in excess of 64 resulted in a marked increase in airflow resistance, which could be corrected by the administration of nebulized isoproterenol. On the other hand, sensitized animals with IgE antibody titers in the order of 64 did not manifest significant bronchoconstriction on inhalation challenge but developed anaphylaxis following intravenous injection of the antigen.

Aging↗
PubMed1975

Prevention of peritoneal adhesions in the rat. The effects of dexamethasone, methylprednisolone, promethazine, and human fibrinolysin.

Peritoneal adhesions were created in rats by brisk scrubbing of the terminal part of the ileum. Adhesions were graded by total number and the presence of small bowel obstruction. Adhesion prophylaxis was evaluated using dexamethasone, methylprednisolone sodium succinate, promethazine hydrochloride, and human fibrinolysin (Thrombolysin) in various combinations, doses, and routes of administration. Methylprednisolone and dexamethasone, depending on the route of administration, modified the total number of adhesions but did not modify their severity when compared to control animals. Promethazine by itself modified peritoneal adhesions in the rat. Used together, methylprednisolone and promethazine also modified adhesions, but were not substantially better than the combination of dexamethasone and promethazine. Methylprednisolone, promethazine, and human fibrinolyzin, when used in combination intraperitoneally, virtually eliminated adhesion formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Acute myelo-monocytic leukaemia: a terminal complication of paroxysmal nocturnal haemolobinuria.

The authors report a case of acute myelo-monocytic leukaemia occurring in a patient, 3 years after the beginning of a typical paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH). An intermediate phase characterized by worsening of the anaemia was observed, with disappearance of the in vitro haemolysis tests. The kinetic studies showed a replacement of the early peripheral haemolysis by a bone marrow insufficiency with intra-medullary cell death. A review of the five previous reported cases of this association show that PNH is generally a typical one, so that acute leukaemia must be considered as an unfrequent but possible complication of PNH.

Adult↗