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Biomedical subjects

J M Katzenellenbogen

Publications and source records attributed to J M Katzenellenbogen.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Management of incomplete abortions at South African public hospitals. National Incomplete Abortion Study Reference Group.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this report was to review and describe the management of incomplete abortion by public sector hospitals. DESIGN: A descriptive study in which data were collected prospectively from routine hospital records on all women admitted with incomplete abortion to a stratified random sample of hospitals between 14 and 28 September 1994. SETTING: Public sector hospitals in South Africa. PATIENTS: Women with incomplete abortions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Length of hospital stay, details of medical management, details of surgical management, determinants of the above. MAIN RESULTS: Data were collected on 803 patients from the 56 participating hospitals. Of these, 767 (95.9%) were in hospital for 1 day or more, and 753 (95.3%) women underwent evacuation of the uterus. Sharp curettage was the method employed in 726 (96.9%) and general anaesthesia was used for 601 (68%) of the women requiring uterine evacuation. Antibiotics were prescribed for 396 (49.5%) and blood transfusions were administered to 125 (17%) women. Statistical analysis showed length of stay to be longer in small hospitals (under 500 beds) and when the medical condition was more severe. Antibiotic usage and blood transfusion were more common with increasing severity and a low haemoglobin level on admission. However, some inappropriate management was identified with regard to both. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that uncomplicated incomplete abortion can be more effectively and safely managed using the manual vacuum aspiration technique with sedation/analgesia as an outpatient procedure. Attention should be directed at the introduction of this management routine at all types of hospital and to the ensuring of appropriate management of women with complicated abortion.

Abortion, Incomplete↗
PubMed1996

Design and baseline characteristics of a hypertension intervention program in a South African village.

The Mamre Hypertension Project was initiated in response to studies indicating that hypertension and cardiovascular disease were prevalent in a rural community of Mamre, located in the Western Cape, South Africa. A survey was done to collect baseline information on the prevalence of hypertension and other cardiovascular disease risk factors. The age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension in people aged 15 years or more was 13.9% in men and 16.3% in women. Of the hypertensive subjects, 27% were not aware of their hypertension, a further 14.4% were not on treatment, and only 16.8% had their blood pressure (BP) controlled at under 140/90 mm Hg. There was a high prevalence of smoking, heavy alcohol use (in men), obesity (in women) and physical inactivity. The survey results will be used to assess the impact of the intervention programme using a before and after design, and are being used to direct interventions. The intervention programme comprises a BP station catering primarily for people with hypertension, and a health education and promotion programme directed at the general community. The BP station screens for hypertension, monitors BP and compliance with medication in hypertensives, and encourages risk factor modification. Health promotion activities include a smoking cessation group and a weight reduction and exercise group. These are run by community volunteers with support from outside consultants. The effects of the programme will be assessed after 4-5 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

The prevalence and identification of risk factors for NIDDM in urban Africans in Cape Town, South Africa.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of NIDDM and associated risk factors in urban Africans in Cape Town, South Africa. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: With a three-stage, proportional, stratified, random cluster method, we sampled 1000 Africans, > 30 yr of age, living in African residential areas in Cape Town. We assessed glucose tolerance with a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, according to World Health Organization criteria, and obtained anthropometric and demographic data. RESULTS: The response rate was 79%. The prevalence of NIDDM was 8.0% (confidence interval 5.8-10.3%), age-adjusted to world population figures and that of impaired glucose tolerance, 7.0% (confidence interval 4.9-9.1%). Multivariate analysis indicated that increased age (odds ratio 4.18), upper-segment fat distribution (odds ratio 2.94), proportion of life spent in an urban area (odds ratio 2.32), and obesity (odds ratio 2.31) were significant independent risk factors for NIDDM. In contrast, sex, family history, alcohol intake, and physical activity were not independent risk factors. Only increased age (odds ratio 4.06) was a significant risk factor for impaired glucose tolerance. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of NIDDM in urban Africans in Cape Town, South Africa, is moderately high, and considerably higher than previous reports from Africa. The association of NIDDM with urbanization has important implications in view of the large-scale urbanization occurring in southern Africa.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The 1918 influenza epidemic in Mamre.

The 1918 influenza epidemic was a historic, health and demographic landmark in South Africa. In Mamre the mortality rate was 39/1,000, which was similar to the rate in Cape Town. The male/female ratio was 1,33, with males between the ages of 20 and 40 years accounting for 60% of deaths.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Mamre--history and development.

Mamre's history spans the period of Khoikhoi habitation of the area to the present-day village. In 1808 a Moravian mission station was established there. The church remains an important feature of the modernising community, which is currently under secular control.

History, 19th Century↗
PubMed1988

Mamre Community Health Project--demographic, social and environmental profile of Mamre at baseline.

Demographic, social and environmental information was collected from 4,623 residents in 870 Mamre households: 34.3% of the population were under 15 years and 4.4% over 65 years of age, while 2.7% of adults had had no education, 42.1% had only primary school education, 51.1% secondary school education and 4.1% had had some tertiary education. Education and age were inversely related. Of employable adults 64.7% were working. Community, social and personal services and manufacturing accounted for 76% of the male and 92% of the female jobs. Cape Town or Atlantis was the workplace for 78% of male and 87.2% of female workers. Of the labour supply 17.2% were unemployed; 75% of employed people were semi-skilled and unskilled workers. There was a mean of 5.3 persons per household, with a median of 3 rooms per household. Of the houses 18.4% were older than 80 years; 38% of households had inside taps and 98% had outside tap(s). Sewage disposal by the bucket system was used in 86% of households while 13% used flush toilets. The mean amount of money spent on fuel was R10.92 per person per month. The Mamre community is well past the initial phase of rural-urban transition in terms of its sociodemographic profile. At present, critical environmental infrastructural changes are being introduced.

Demography↗
PubMed1988

Community participation in the Mamre Community Health Project.

From the outset, community participation has been a working principle of the Mamre Community Health Project. The health planning approach was the predominant one used in Mamre. Attempts at improving community participation include the involvement of a steering committee elected by community members, the use of local people as interviewers and the feedback of results to the community in an accessible way. The process of negotiation of entry into the community was concluded. While consent and passive participation of the community were achieved, active participation remains a challenge for the future. Means of realistically evaluating community participation need to be developed.

Community Health Services↗