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Biomedical subjects

J M Kyle

Publications and source records attributed to J M Kyle.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Exercise-induced pulmonary syndromes.

When respiratory distress occurs in the exercise arena, the clinician must differentiate between a potential serious bout of EIA or the commoner EIB. The physician's game day medical kit should include epinephrine for initial treatment in suspected EIA. Sports medicine personnel need to maintain a high index of suspicion for EIB in athletes at risk and confirm the diagnosis with a treadmill exercise challenge test. Initial pharmacologic management should consist of a trial of albuterol inhaler use 15 minutes before exercise. Early identification and treatment of EIB may enhance sports performance as well as enjoyment.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1992

Exercise-induced bronchospasm in the young athlete: guidelines for routine screening and initial management.

Exercise induced bronchospasm (EIB) commonly occurs several minutes into or following an exercise event. Respiratory heat loss and respiratory water loss have been suspected as the precursor to exercise-induced bronchospasm. Obstructive EIB has been reported in elite Olympic athletes as well as the recreational athlete. Although exercise-induced bronchospasm presents as wheezing, chest tightness, or dizziness during or after exercise, cough post-exercise is a common and an easily detected characteristic of EIB. When exercise induced bronchospasm is suspected in the young athlete, an exercise challenge test should be performed. A 10% or more decrease in the peak expiratory flow rate in the post-exercise period is diagnostic of EIB. Once the diagnosis of EIB has been made, both nonpharmacological and pharmacological interventions are beneficial in reducing the airway responsiveness. Nonpharmacological measures include extensive education and cardiovascular fitness evaluation. Initial pharmacological management should consist of a trial of albuterol inhaler use 15 min prior to exercise. Early identification and treatment of EIB may enhance sports performance as well as enjoyment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Eight-year school performance, neurodevelopmental, and growth outcome of neonates with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a comparative study.

Eight-year outcome is reported for three groups of preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia--group 1 with a birth gestation of less than or equal to 31 weeks receiving supplemental oxygen until the equivalent of 36 weeks' gestation, group 2 of the same gestation receiving supplemental oxygen to 28 days postnatal age but not to 36 weeks gestational age, and group 3 with a gestation of greater than or equal to 32 weeks requiring supplemental oxygen for greater than 28 days--and for an individually matched preterm neonatal comparison group and a term peer comparison group for each bronchopulmonary dysplasia group. The subjects all had parents whose mother tongue was English and were matched for gender, mother's education, and father's socioeconomic status, and in the case of the neonatal comparison groups they also were matched for birth gestation and birth weight. Physical growth and psychoeducational and school performance test scores were similar for the three bronchopulmonary dysplasia study groups with the exception of lower intelligence quotient for those receiving supplemental oxygen for the longest time. Children in groups 1 and 2 had outcome scores similar to those of the neonatal comparison group and significantly below those of their peer comparison groups. On multivariate analysis for group 1 children, 61% of the variance of academic achievement was related to lowest recorded pH, father's socioeconomic status, and lowest recorded PaO2. Compared with the peer groups, the study groups continued to show academic delay when the disabled children were excluded from analysis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia↗
PubMed1991

Parents' view of parent-child relationship eight years after neonatal intensive care.

Eight years after neonatal intensive care, parents of 597 survivors indicated whether the initial illness and separation had had a long-term effect on their parent-child relationships. Forty percent felt there was an effect on the parent-child relationship, sixty percent did not. Neonatal, medical and social conditions, and the child's outcome (i.e., disabled or not) were variables analyzed to determine differences between the two groups of parents. Parents who felt an effect from the initial illness and separation had children who required supplemental oxygen significantly longer and were from significantly higher socioeconomic and education levels. Length of stay in neonatal intensive care and outcome were among the not significant variables.

Child↗
PubMed1991

A young wrestler with antecedent both-knee Osgood Schlatter's disease and JOCD.

A 15-yr-old high school wrestler with an antecedent history of bilateral knee Osgood Schlatter's disease and juvenile osteochondritis dissecans (JOCD) presented with a 6-month complaint of episodic bilateral knee pain. History and physical examination results were consistent with a diagnosis of patello-femoral dysfunction secondary to prior intraarticular knee pathology. Radiographic evaluation demonstrated resolution of the previous osteochondral defects in both femoral condyles. After participating in a short course of supervised rehabilitation, the athlete was able to return to full activity. Review of the patient's record since initial diagnosis of bilateral Osgood Schlatter's disease and JOCD suggested a delay in diagnosis secondary to previously existing knee pathology. Informed consent was obtained from the subject and respective guardian prior to preparation of this case review.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Student athlete cholesterol screening during routine precompetition examination.

BACKGROUND: When properly organized and conducted, the preseason physical examination process for scholastic athletes can identify existing medical and musculoskeletal problems as well as provide for age-specific anticipatory guidance. This examination may also present an ideal opportunity to screen for adolescent hyperlipidemia. METHODS: Seven-hundred seventy-seven (777) students, aged 11 to 15 years, from seven junior high schools received fingerstick cholesterol screening during a complete preseason physical examination. Elevated values were verified by repeat examination. Values were compared with previously published national norms for this age group. All students received information on cholesterol, and the parents and pediatrician or family physician of those with confirmed positive tests (higher than 4.8 mmol/L [185 mg/dL]) were notified. RESULTS: One hundred fourteen (114), or approximately 15%, of the subjects were found to have elevated cholesterol levels. Of the 74 who returned for a second test, 38 (51%) were confirmed as having elevated cholesterol levels. Feedback from parents, principals, and coaches regarding the value of the screening and the associated education was overwhelmingly positive. CONCLUSIONS: In our experience, the precompetition examination provides an opportunity to screen for elevated cholesterol levels and to educate young people about hyperlipidemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Eight-year school performance and growth of preterm, small for gestational age infants: a comparative study with subjects matched for birth weight or for gestational age.

Eight-year school performance and growth outcome are reported for three groups of preterm infants: one group that was small for gestational age (SGA; 36 infants) and two comparison groups that were appropriate in size for gestational age, one matched for birth weight and the other for gestational age. The subjects all had white parents whose mother tongue was English and were matched for gender, mother's height, mother's education, and father's socioeconomic status (Blishen Scale). A comparison peer group of term infants was also studied. The three preterm groups did not differ in school performance or physical growth, with the exception of head circumference, which was smaller in the SGA children. All preterm groups had growth measures, intellectual and visual-motor integration scores, reading and arithmetic grade levels, and behavior rating levels significantly inferior to those of the peer group. Receptive vocabulary scores and spelling grade levels did not differ between the preterm groups and the peer group. On multivariate analyses, mother's education was the primary predictor of academic grade levels for the preterm SGA group, and the only predictor when the disabled children were excluded from analyses. Preterm SGA children without disabilities had academic scores similar to those of their term peers, but their scores indicated more hyperactivity. Intrauterine growth retardation did not appear to impose a disadvantage on the preterm children in this study.

Alberta↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Planning for scholastic cardiac emergencies: the Ripley project.

Fatalities during sports participation are usually cardiac in origin. Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) from ventricular fibrillation has been reported in several sporting venues over the last decade. Successful treatment of stadium SCA requires a rapid response team equipped with defibrillator capabilities. The use of automated external defibrillators (AED) by responders in sports arenas is critical to help prevent catastrophic scholastic athlete and spectator cases of unexpected sudden cardiac death.

Adolescent↗