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Biomedical subjects

J M Llibre

Publications and source records attributed to J M Llibre.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Determinants associated wtih the presence of risk behaviors in HIV infected patients].

BACKGROUND: Determinants associated with risk behaviours are evaluated in a known HIV-infected population not belonging to the great metropolitan nuclei. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 110 unselected HIV+ patients were interviewed, including 77 variables. Their association with sharing needles, and unprotected sex is analysed. RESULTS: Sharing needles was associated to: low academic achievement (p = 0.045), no children (p = 0.045), any physical limitation (p = 0.004), previous admission to detoxification unit (p = 0.014), and depression. With unprotected sex were associated: low academic achievement (p = 0.005), lesser time of HIV infection (p = 0.009), no family support (p = 0.005), and scanty information about HIV transmission (p = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS: A cohort of HIV-infected subjects who persist with risk practices is remaining. Some easily recognizable variables may be useful for their early recognition.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia associated with acute Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.

A patient with bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) associated with acute Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is described. Although mycoplasmas have occasionally been associated with bronchiolitis obliterans, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first well-documented case of BOOP associated with M. pneumoniae infection. The diagnosis of BOOP was made by open-lung biopsy after fiberoptic transbronchial biopsy proved nondiagnostic. Corticosteroid therapy was administered and a dramatic improvement was observed; the patient remained without complaints during a 3-year follow-up period.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Efficacy and safety of alpha-interferon treatment for chronic hepatitis C in HIV-infected patients. HIV-Hepatitis Spanish Study Group.

The efficacy and safety of recombinant alpha-interferon (IFN) therapy for chronic hepatitis C (CHC) was assessed in 57 HIV-infected individuals with CD4+ T cells above 200/mm3 and compared to the response obtained in 21 HIV-negative patients with CHC. IFN 5 megaU was given three times a week subcutaneously for 3 months. In responding patients, IFN 3 megaU three times a week was additionally administered for 9 months. After 8 months follow-up in HIV-infected patients, 38% (22/57) achieved normal (complete response, CR) alanine aminotransferase (ALT) values. Partial response (PR) was seen in 21% (12/57), and 40% (23/57) did not respond. Patients with CD4+ cells above 500/mm3 achieved CR in 58% (14/24) of cases compared to 24% (8/33) among those having a lower CD4+ count (P < 0.01). Females attained CR in 60% (9/15) of cases, and men in only 30.9% (13/42) (P < 0.01). No serious side effects or opportunistic infections were observed during the study period. However, three (5.2%) patients showed a dramatic fall in total CD4+ T cell count after beginning IFN therapy. Among 21 HIV-negative patients, after 8 months follow-up, CR was achieved in 10 (47%), PR in four (19%), and seven (33%) did not respond. We concluded that IFN therapy seems to be well tolerated and useful in HIV-infected patients suffering CHC. The rate of CR was not significantly different compared to that observed in HIV-negative patients (38% vs. 47%), relative risk (RR) = 0.67 (0.19-2.37).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Haemophilus influenzae pulmonary infection in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus].

BACKGROUND: Haemophilus influenzae has frequently been identified as the etiologic agent in pneumonias of patients with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The experience of the authors is reviewed and the significance of isolating this microorganism in respiratory samples commented upon. METHODS: The clinical, radiological and microbiological data of patients with HIV infection in whom H. influenzae was identified in blood, lung tissue, or samples of the lower respiratory tract obtained by fibrobronchoscopy were retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS: Twenty cases were diagnosed with 75% presenting bilateral lung infiltration. In 70% the isolation sample was that of bronchoalveolar lavage. In 40% of the total another microorganism was identified in coinfection with H. influenzae, of which Mycobacterium tuberculosis was the most frequent. Thirty-five percent of the cases presented antecedents of one or several previous pulmonary infections. H. influenzae infection was not observed with either concomitant or previous infections in 20% of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: A high frequency of pneumonias by Haemophilus influenzae with bilateral radiologic presentation have been found. H. influenzae is frequently demonstrated as in coinfection with other agents. The role that this microorganism has in pulmonary infection of patients with HIV infection is not clearly defined.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1992

Risk stratification for dissemination of tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients.

The location of tuberculosis (TB) early in the course of HIV-induced immunosuppression was located, and an attempt was made to determine the correlation between the degree of immune suppression and prognostic variables to stratify the risk for dissemination of TB in HIV-infected patients. Clinical and laboratory characteristics were reviewed in 73 HIV-infected patients with TB admitted between 1984 and 1990. The presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was investigated in different clinical samples to verify the diagnostic yield of different sources. TB was extrapulmonary in 46.6 per cent of patients in whom it was their first opportunistic infection, and in 46.7 per cent of patients with previously diagnosed AIDS (p = NS). TB was frequently associated with other opportunistic infections, particularly oesophageal candidiasis (p = 0.006). Patients with localized extrapulmonary or disseminated TB presented more often with cytopenias, hypoalbuminaemia and oral thrush. The existence of extrapulmonary TB or another opportunistic coinfection allowed AIDS to be diagnosed in the same admission in 30 patients and a mean of 8.4 months later in another eight. Extrapulmonary TB was found to be as common in early HIV infection as in patients with established AIDS. Haematological derangements were common in these patients, and cytopenias, hypoalbuminaemia and oral thrush were useful predictors of TB dissemination. The location of TB and its dissemination were not significantly linked to a more advanced CDC stage of HIV infection or a more profound fall in CD4 count.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗