PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J M Mallafre

Publications and source records attributed to J M Mallafre.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Prostatic abscess: diagnosis and treatment].

Prostatic abscesses are an infrequent pathology, probably due to a better and early management of prostatic infections. Predisposing factors in this pathology are diabetes mellitus, urethral catheterism or manipulation, and immunodepressed states like AIDS. Nowadays, ultrasonography is an excellent diagnostic method of this pathology, and serves as a guidance of directed drainage. We present five cases in which the size of the abscess was determining in relation to the therapeutic attitude. Abscesses of less than 2 cm, measured by transrectal ultrasonography, can be evacuated by directed puncture, followed by antibiotic treatment. When the diameter of the abscess is greater than 2 cm, we realize a perineal drainage with a catheter placed with transrectal ultrasonography. Currently, TUR and other methods seems to be overcome.

Abscess↗
PubMed1995

Markers of hepatitis C infection among hemodialysis patients with acute and chronic infection: implications for infection control strategies in hemodialysis units.

To evaluate strategies for screening patients on hemodialysis (HD) for markers of acute and chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, we studied sixty-nine patients at a single center over a 36-month period. Serum samples were tested for alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, anti-HCV and HCV RNA at 3-4 month intervals. Anti-HCV was tested for by EIA1, EIA2, and RIBA2. HCV RNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, IgM antibody to the c33 antigen of HCV was detected by an experimental EIA. Of the 43 HD patients at the start of the study, anti-HCV was detected by EIA1 in 13 (30%). All EIA1 positive patients and 14 (47%) of the 30 EIA1 negative patients tested positive by EIA2. Thus, at the start of the study 27 (63%) of 43 patients tested positive for anti-HCV by EIA2. The presence of anti-HCV among EIA2 positive patients was confirmed by RIBA2 in all patients. Based on the PCR results, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for EIA1 were 48%, 100%, 53% and 100%, respectively, and for EIA2 were 100%, 100%, 100% and 100%, respectively. During follow-up, 26 EIA2 negative patients began HD in the unit. Of the 42 EIA2 negative patients, five (12%) seroconverted for anti-HCV during follow-up. All five patients with new HCV infection tested positive for HCV RNA three months prior to the detection of anti-HCV by EIA2.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

[Intermittent hydronephrosis].

Intermittent hydronephrosis is a frequent cause of obstruction in the ureteropelvic junction in the adult. Diagnosis is based on intravenous pyelography, echography and renal scintigraphy with or without hyperdiuresis. We report a case of intermittent hydronephrosis successively affecting both kidneys.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Late seroconversion of C virus markers in hemodialysis patients.

We examined the prevalence of the IgG C virus C 100-3 antibody (anti-HCV) in a group of 43 patients on hemodialysis in our center during three periods: A: 1988; B: 1989; C: 1990. During period A, the anti-HCV prevalence was 30% (13 of 43 patients), these patients being regarded as chronic carriers of these antibodies. In period B, two patients displayed seroconversion, and another seven during period C, all of whom had tested negative during period A. These patients were considered acute. During the three years under study, all of the patients shared the same hemodialysis monitors. High ALT values were found in four of nine acute patients (44.4%) and nine of thirteen (69.23%) of the chronic patients. In 10 anti-HCV patients, hypertransaminemia continued long-term (> 6 months). Two patients had been given contaminated blood, four were multi-transfused (> 14 transfusions), two less than 4 units, and one had never received a transfusion. The period between the initial high and/or maximum ALT and the determination of HCV Ac was up to 10 to 11 months in three patients. These findings indicate the lack of sensitivity of ALTs as a diagnostic tool for HCV, the possible late C 100-3 seroconversion, which makes it necessary to carry out periodic serological checks in hemodialysis patients and the decisive role transfusions in HCV transmission, without excluding other possible intra-dialysis contagion sources.

Adult↗