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Biomedical subjects

J M Maloney

Publications and source records attributed to J M Maloney.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Tazarotene gel is safe and effective in the treatment of acne vulgaris: a multicenter, double-blind, vehicle-controlled study.

Retinoids reverse the abnormal pattern of keratinization seen in acne vulgaris. Tazarotene is the first of a novel family of topical receptor-selective acetylenic retinoids. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of topical tazarotene 0.1% and 0.05% gels, in comparison to vehicle gel, applied once daily for 12 weeks, in the treatment of mild-to-moderate facial acne vulgaris. A total of 446 patients with facial acne vulgaris were enrolled, and 375 patients, ranging in age from 14 to 44 years, were evaluable in this multicenter, double-blind, randomized study. In comparison to vehicle gel, treatment with tazarotene 0.1% gel resulted in significantly greater reductions in noninflammatory and total lesion counts at all follow-up visits, and inflammatory lesion counts at Week 12. Tazarotene 0.05% gel resulted in significantly greater reductions in noninflammatory and total lesion counts than vehicle gel at Weeks 8 and 12. At Week 12, treatment success rates were 68% and 51% for tazarotene 0.1% and 0.05%, respectively (40% for vehicle gel). Tazarotene gel was an effective, safe, and generally well-tolerated therapy for the treatment of acne vulgaris.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1998

Clobetasol propionate emollient 0.05% in the treatment of atopic dermatitis.

A 4-week, double-blind, randomized clinical trial, comparing the efficacy and safety of clobetasol propionate emollient cream 0.05% and its vehicle, was conducted at four private dermatology clinics in 81 non-hospitalized patients (> or = 12 years old) with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis covering 2% or more of their body surface. All patients had at least one lesion 2 cm or more in diameter. Three signs/symptoms of target lesions (erythema, pruritus, and induration/papulation) were scored by investigators on a scale of 0-3 (in 0.5-point increments; 0 = absent, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, and 3 = severe); the total of the three scores had to be > or = 6 for patients to qualify for study entry. Patients were excluded if they were immunocompromised, pregnant, or nursing; had skin atrophy, telangiectasia or striae in skin areas to be treated; or had received topical treatments for atopic dermatitis within 1 week prestudy, intramuscular triamcinolone within 6 weeks prestudy, or long-term systemic corticosteroid usage within 6 months prestudy. Patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either clobetasol propionate emollient 0.05% twice daily (n = 41), or the emollient vehicle twice daily (n = 40), for 4 weeks. A fingertip unit, equaling approximately 0.5 g in males and 0.43 g in females (enough to cover approximately 2% of the body), was used to measure and apply a thin film of study drug to the affected areas. The efficacy was evaluated by investigators and patients on days 4, 8, 15, and 29 after initiation of therapy, and 2 weeks after the end of treatment (day 43). Investigators performed a physician's gross assessment based on the percentage improvement of the target lesion. They also rated changes from baseline in mean severity scores for six individual signs/symptoms (erythema, pruritus, induration/papulation, lichenification, erosion/oozing/crusting, and scaling/dryness) and for total signs/symptoms according to the severity scoring system described above. Patients rated their response to treatment as excellent, good, fair, poor, or worse. Laboratory assessments were made on days 15, 29, and (if necessary) day 43.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1992

Iontophoretic administration of lidocaine anesthesia in office practice. An appraisal.

BACKGROUND: Obtaining anesthesia for dermatologic, office-based surgeries often involves the pain of needle stick and burning upon injection of local anesthetic agents. No truly effective method for obtaining painless anesthesia is well accepted in the United States. OBJECTIVE: A study was carried out using iontophoresis of lidocaine with epinephrine to determine the practicality of this method of delivering local anesthesia prior to invasive procedures in dermatology offices. METHODS: A two-center, open-label study was undertaken using iontophoretic administration of 4% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:50,000 before painful procedures occurring in the dermatologists' office. RESULTS: Ninety-four procedures in 64 patients were evaluated. Both patients and physicians recorded 51% of procedures as painless, 36% as minor (partial), and 14% causing moderate to severe pain. Iontophoretic local anesthesia was 80 to 100% effective for pain relief for injections, abrasions, laser surgery, and cautery; it was significantly less effective in effecting pain relief for dermal excisions. CONCLUSIONS: Iontophoretic administration of anesthesia is a useful adjunct to the armamentarium of dermatologists performing surgical procedures in their office.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Nitrous oxide-oxygen analgesia in dermatologic surgery.

Nitrous oxide-oxygen analgesia is a safe and effective means of abating pain and anxiety. It is applicable to a wide range of patients and procedures, has minimal side effects, and minimizes need for additional sedation. Determination of its ultimate usefulness and practicality in dermatologic surgery requires controlled clinical trials.

Analgesia↗
PubMed1980

Analgesia induced by nitrous oxide and oxygen as an adjunct to local anesthesia in dermatologic surgery. Results of clinical trials.

Clinical trials were carried out to determine if analgesia induced by nitrous oxide and oxygen could be useful as an adjunct to local anesthesia in dermatologic surgery. Patients readily accepted the procedure. The analgesia obtained reduced anxiety and pain, and no important adverse side effects were encountered. Overall, the agents and method are effective and have advantages over more commonly used agents and methods used as adjuncts to local anesthesia.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infections caused by Mycobacterium szulgai in humans.

Mycobacterium szulgai is a scotochromogenic species that has recently been recognized as a human pathogen. Twenty-four cases of disease caused by M. szulgai in humans have been reported in the English-language literature. The clinical features of these cases were reviewed, and three additional cases (two pulmonary, one extrapulmonary) were studied. Pulmonary disease indistinguishable from that caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis was the commonest type of infection caused by M. szulgai (18 of 27 cases). Olecranon bursitis was reported in three cases, and disseminated infection was noted in three cases occurring in immunocompromised patients. M. szulgai is more susceptible to standard antimycobacterial agents than are other nontuberculous mycobacteria, notably the Mycobacterium avium complex. Clinical improvement and cure of pulmonary disease can be anticipated when treatment includes at least three drugs effective in in vitro susceptibility tests. Surgical excision appears unnecessary in pulmonary disease but may be indicated in olecranon bursitis.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗