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Biomedical subjects

J M Portillo

Publications and source records attributed to J M Portillo.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

Post-traumatic diffuse brain swelling: isolated or associated with cerebral axonal injury. Clinical course and intracranial pressure in 18 children.

Eighteen children with severe head injuries and diffuse brain swelling were studied. They were separated into two groups based on the computed tomography (CT) findings. Seven patients had small ventricles in the normal location and small or absent cisterns. Eleven had these signs plus small deep-seated intraparenchymal hemorrhagic foci and/or intraventricular hemorrhage. Patients in the first group were in relatively good neurological condition; their intracranial pressure was easily controlled and all had a favourable outcome. On contrast, children in the second group had a more severe clinical presentation, frequently had uncontrollable intracranial hypertension, and more than 50% died.

Axons↗
PubMed1986

Symptomatic subependymoma: report of four new cases studied with computed tomography and review of the literature.

The authors describe four cases of subependymoma studied with computed tomography (CT) and review 18 previously reported cases in an attempt to define the most characteristic CT presentation of this rare, benign tumor. Subependymoma usually appears as an isodense, or even hypodense, intraventricular tumor on plain CT scan and shows minimal or no enhancement in postcontrast studies. Differential diagnosis between subependymoma and the more malignant true ependymoma is difficult, particularly when the tumor occurs in the posterior fossa. Recognition of subependymoma should prompt the surgeon to attempt radical tumor removal because it can be achieved without sacrificing contiguous tissue and carries a good prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Extradural hemorrhage in the posterior fossa in neonates.

The case of a neonate with an extradural hemorrhage in the left posterior fossa, the result of trauma at birth, is reported. The routine axial transverse CT scan did not detect the exact preoperative location of the clots in the extradural space of the posterior fossa. Good recovery was achieved following the operation.

Birth Injuries↗
PubMed1981

Giant cerebral arteriovenous malformation producing a noncommunicating hydrocephalus.

The case of a woman with a large, mixed, cerebral arteriovenous malformation mainly involving the posterior fossa and producing a noncommunicating hypertensive hydrocephalus is reported. Relief of ventricular enlargement by means of a cerebrospinal fluid shunt unexpectedly resulted in stupor and Parinauds' syndrome. These complications were completely relieved by ligating the shunt. The vascular and mechanical factors involved in the production of hydrocephalus in this patient are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Observations on 82 patients with extradural hematoma. Comparison of results before and after the advent of computerized tomography.

A consecutive, unselected series of 82 patients with epidural hematoma treated between 1973 and 1980 is presented. Forty-one patients were managed before the advent of computerized tomography (CT) and the other 41 after this neuroradiological method was available. Mortality and disability rates which were 29.2% and 31.7% during the pre-CT period decreased to 12.1% and 19.5%, respectively, with the aid of CT scanning. This technique allowed a more rapid and accurate diagnosis of the hematomas than angiography, and defined better the presence and the evolutional changes of the associated cerebral lesions. As a consequence, surgery has been more effectively planned and executed during the CT era.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Hydrocephalus in cerebral cysticercosis. Pathogenic and therapeutic considerations.

The cases of 11 patients with hydrocephalus secondary to cerebral cysticercosis are analyzed. Most of the patients had suffered from epilepsy before they developed hydrocephalic symptoms, and computerized tomography showed that infestation of the parenchyma coexisted with ventricular or cisternal colonization. In four cases, the parasitic vesicles compromised cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow in the ventricular system, resulting in internal hydrocephalus. Communicating hydrocephalus, caused by the presence of Cysticercus larvae in the basal cisterns (Cysticercus racemosus), or by the occurrence of a chronic basal meningitis, or both, developed in seven more patients. Changes in CSF pressure were related to the number and location of the cysts and to the leptomeningeal inflammatory reactions evoked by them. The majority of patients presented with a chronic and relatively normotensive hydrocephalus. All patients except one had identifiable ventricular or cisternal Cysticercus larvae; these patients were treated with open removal of the cysts, and did well. However, most of them had impairment of CSF flow through the basal cisterns and required permanent CSF shunting. Communicating hydrocephalus due to leptomeningeal scarring was also successfully managed with extracranial shunting. Epilepsy was controlled with anticonvulsant therapy. Although good lasting results may be obtained with aggressive treatment of neurocysticercosis, patients are liable to relapse because surgery is only palliative in most instances.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Vetebral hemangiomas: spinal angiography and preoperative embolization.

Seven cases of symptomatic spinal hemangiomas are discussed. Special emphasis is given to a patient in whom pre-operative embolization was necessary. A marked reduction in the blood supply was achieved, with the result that the subsequent laminectomy was carried out without great difficulty.

Adolescent↗