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Biomedical subjects

J M Reme

Publications and source records attributed to J M Reme.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Urinary stress incontinence in women: contribution of electromyography of the striated urethral sphincter].

Fourteen women within their menopausal period and suffering from stress urinary incontinence were studied. Electromyographic studies show that sphincter weakness is almost constant (9/14), usually associated with a bladder instability and/or a lack in abdominal urethral transmission, both conditions being known as possible causes of urinary stress incontinence. However, neurological causes at the origin of urinary stress incontinence, such as neurogenous sphincter, may be found (3/14). Electromyography, coupled with urodynamic evaluation, therefore presents itself as the most accurate method for a good assessment of correct pathophysiology in urinary stress incontinence and thereby for good therapeutic prescription.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Results of an experiment in systematic prenatal screening for neural tube malformations by assay of alpha fetoproteins in dried blood samples (12,480 pregnancies)].

Measurement of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in eluate of dried blood was carried out in 12,480 pregnant women, between the 10th and 30th weeks of amenorrhea. In 348 cases, AFP level was greater than normal (greater than 99th centile). 225 control measurements were performed (123 women dropped out of the study). In 173 cases, the AFP level returned to normal (1.4% false positives). In 52 cases, AFP title remained above the 99th centile: in 8 cases, the fetus was malformed (4 anencephalics, 1 spina bifida, 1 hydrocephalus, 1 laparoschisis, 1 exomphalos). Of the 44 remaining cases, 26 were multiple pregnancies, 5 were cases of acute fetal distress, 7 false positives normalized when a second control was made, 5 false positives up to the end of pregnancy, and 1 spina bifida (normal ultrasound scan on two different occasions). During this prenatal screening, 7 false negatives (0.56%) not detected by AFP assay should be noted: 3 anencephalics, 2 spina bifida, 1 hydrocephalus, 1 exomphalos. In all cases except one, the AFP test was carried out too early (before the 10th week) or too late (after the 30th week). The authors stress that screening must be done during the precise period between the 16th and 20th weeks of amenorrhea, and that close collaboration with a competent ultrasonographist is necessary. In 5 cases of false negatives where AFP assay and ultrasound scan had been carried out, the two methods are compared. Measurement of AFP in eluate of dried blood thus seems a reliable test which could be the first stage in a plan for systematic prenatal screening for certain serious fetal malformations with high incidence (1,2% in the Midi-Pyrenees region).

Anencephaly↗
PubMed1983

Assessment of the predictive value of X-ray pelvimetry and biparietal diameter in cephalopelvic disproportion.

The value of X-ray pelvimetry and ultrasonic measurement of the biparietal diameter for trial of labor prognosis was assessed in 172 healthy primiparas with suspected cephalopelvic disproportion. A decision diagram which is able to correctly predict 50% of the cesarean sections without increasing the number of unnecessary cesarean sections is proposed. In addition, the study confirms the superfluity of X-ray pelvimetry in cases of high station of the fetal head at the end of pregnancy.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1980

Detection of gestational diabetes by means of ultrasonic diagnosis of excessive fetal growth.

Excessive abdominal transverse fetal diameter is demonstrated to be a sensitive screening factor in the selection of gestational diabetic patients. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed in 92 pregnant women with potential gestational diabetes criteria and in 21 women without potential diabetic characteristics but with an abdominal transverse fetal diameter above the ninety-fifth percentile. Thirty-eight percent of the women in the latter group had an abnormal oral glucose tolerance test. Moreover, most infants born to gestational diabetic women had an excessive abdominal transverse diameter although the biparietal diameter and birth weight remained fairly normal.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1978

[The value of measuring blood pH in fetal monitoring during labour (author's transl)].

The authors present a series of methodological studies carried out to assess the value of the place of measuring fetal blood pH in monitoring in labour. Comparisons of the measures of pH, pCO2, pO2 and lowering of the base were carried out on the scalp in the 3 minutes which preceded the birth and in the umbilical vessels at birth. Comparing the three modes of taking blood in the mother, intra-arterially and from the capillaries with and without local vasodilatation was carried out. The limits of the values were defined both for the fetus and the mother of the parameters of pH, pCO2, pO2 and base deficit in 100 normal deliveries. A study was carried out of their correlations with the Apgar score at 1 minute and with the arterial pH. A comparison of the two series of measurements was carried out on the vessels of the cord--arterial and venous. The results confirm the value of measuring pH for diagnosing the state of the infant during labour.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Retroperitoneal mesenchymomas. Remarks apropos of 19 cases].

The authors report 19 cases and review the literature. They analyse the pathological and clinical characteristics of retro-peritoneal mesenchymoma. The diagnosis of these tumours is facilitated by intravenous urography, barium enema, arteriography and bidimensional echography. Cavography is interesting to determine the venous risk. The unforeseeable course, which is always severe in these tumours, is characterised by the frequency of local relapse. The prognosis is very poor with only one 8 year survival in this series. Surgical removal is the only possible treatment, in spite of difficulty, especially during recurrences.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ovarian cancer and pregnancy].

The authors report 6 cases of carcinoma of the ovary presenting during pregnancy in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of La Grave University Hospital, Toulouse, between 1972 and 1994. Analysis of this series is followed by a review of the literature which reveals that carcinoma of the ovary fortunately remains a rare event during pregnancy. All reported series conclude that the diagnosis is made at an early stage. Management depends in great part on the age of the pregnancy and stage of malignancy. During the first 6 months, immediate surgery is essential, with sacrifice of the pregnancy, except at stage IA1. During the final 3 months, surgery is delayed until fetal maturity. This classical attitude is currently being questioned. This classical attitude is currently being questioned. Some teams feel that conservative treatment followed by chemotherapy is possible, thereby preserving the pregnancy. The choice of the couple must always be taken into account when making these management decisions.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Uterine inversion: a cause of obstetric hemorrhage not to be missed. Discussion].

Severe obstetric bleeding is the primary cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. While classical causes such as uterine inertia or retained placenta are well known, inversion of the uterus is a rare cause which should not be missed. Only very rapid diagnosis and management can avoid serious and irreversible consequences. A case of inversion of the uterus is reported. The circumstances of onset and treatment possibilities are also discussed.

Adult↗