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Biomedical subjects

J M Sala

Publications and source records attributed to J M Sala.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Catalase in the heat-induced chilling tolerance of cold-stored hybrid Fortune mandarin fruits.

Hybrid Fortune mandarins developed chilling injury (CI) upon cold storage, unless the fruits were conditioned at 37 degrees C for 3 days before they were held at low temperature. This heat treatment induced 2.5-, 1.2-, and 1.4-fold increases in the activities of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), respectively, and reduced the activity of glutathione reductase (GR). The differences in the activities afforded by the heat treatment were, in general, maintained during cold storage. However, SOD levels in nonconditioned Fortune fruits exhibiting CI were similar to those of conditioned fruits stored for 0 or 6 weeks at 2 degrees C. No difference between APX activity in the conditioned and nonconditioned fruits stored for 6 weeks at 2 degrees C was found. The data indicate that CAT may be a major antioxidant enzyme operating in the heat-induced chilling tolerance of cold-stored Fortune mandarin fruits.

Ascorbate Peroxidases↗
PubMed1999

Carbohydrate content and metabolism as related to maturity and chilling sensitivity of cv. Fortune mandarins.

Fruits of cv. Fortune mandarin were periodically harvested throughout the ripening period to evaluate changes in carbohydrate content and metabolism in flavedo tissue and to determine the potential role of carbohydrates in the tolerance of citrus fruit to chilling injury (CI). Sucrose showed little change in the flavedo during the season, but fructose and glucose increased, in nearly equal amounts, throughout the fall and winter, reaching a maximum in January. Starch levels were less abundant than soluble carbohydrates and rose continuously until March. Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS; EC 4.1.14) activity decreased from December throughout ripening. Changes in sucrose synthase (SS; EC 2.4.1.13) and acid and alkaline invertase (Inv; EC 3.2.1.26) activities correlated with changes in the reducing sugars, but acid invertase was less active than the other sucrose-metabolizing enzymes. Carbohydrate changes in the flavedo of Fortune mandarins with fruit maturity appear not to be related to the chilling tolerance of fruits during cold storage.

Carbohydrate Metabolism↗
PubMed1988

Transvaginal parametrial needle biopsy for detection of postirradiation recurrent cancer of the cervix.

During the 27-year period from 1956 to 1982, transvaginal parametrial needle biopsies were performed on 76 patients clinically suspected of harboring postirradiation recurrent cervical cancer without mucosal lesions suitable for biopsy under direct vision. Needle biopsies indicated cancer in 41 patients, resulting in 20 abdominal explorations. Eleven of these patients underwent total pelvic exenteration. Three patients survived longer than 5 years. Among 35 patients whose biopsies did not suggest cancer, eight proved to be false-negative as demonstrated by later progression of local and systemic disease. The remaining 27 patients in whom biopsies showed negative results were cured by radiation therapy. Bleeding, easily controlled by vaginal packing, occurred in one patient; in another, a pelvic abscess was drained 7 days after the biopsy. The authors conclude that when judiciously performed, transvaginal parametrial needle biopsy has a high diagnostic yield (89%) with minimal morbidity (2.6%). Its application during the careful observation of patients suspected to harbor recurrence may increase the operability rate and may offer selected patients a chance for cure by radical pelvic surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Tissue reaction & tumor response with negative pi mesons.

As a prelude to a randomized trial of negative pi meson (pion) radiotherapy, as compared to conventional radiation treatment, tolerance of several normal tissues was investigated. Fifty-three of 108 patients received at least 2700 peak pion rads at a usual dose rate between 100 and 125 rads daily. The major sites treated were head and neck, pancreas, prostate, rectum and brain. Acute normal tissue reactions, late effects, and tumor response are correlated with the two dose levels. Pancreatic tumors have not fared well. At this point, tumors that can be observed disappear more rapidly, and, for tumors that cannot be observed, symptoms disappear more rapidly and normal tissues exhibit less reaction than with conventional radiotherapy. It is believed that the dose level can be raised an additional 7 percent above the current 4100 rads, measured at the maximum within the treatment volume.

Elementary Particles↗
PubMed1979

Experience with pion radiotherapy.

Forty-one patients with a total of 86 tumors were treated with negative pimesons (pions) at the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility (LAMPF) through December 31, 1977. An additional 30 tumors in the total patient population were treated with 100 kVp x-rays to assess comparative effects on skin nodules and 8 patients received additive photon or electron radiation to pion-treated portals. Of 52 evaluable tumors in 20 patients treated with pions only and followed for 3 to 22 months, 81% (42 tumors) completely regressed; 6% (3 tumors) partially regressed; and 13% (7 tumors) did not respond, although 5 of the 7 have shown no growth for 10 months. Of eight tumors in seven patients treated with a combination of pions and conventional radiation, three tumors showed complete response and five tumors showed partial response, though the resected specimens in two (one with complete and one with partial response) revealed no tumor microscopically. Reactions in normal tissues have been mild, with some patients exhibiting no normal tissue reaction, as compared with relatively marked tumor response.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of encephalogram bispectral index monitoring during total intravenous anesthesia with propofol in outpatient surgery].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of monitoring the encephalogram bispectral index (BIS) during outpatient surgery. Outcome measures were amount of propofol administered, awakening and discharge. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty consecutive outpatient surgery patients were studied. The patients gave informed consent and received general intravenous anesthesia with propofol administered through a laryngeal mask using a computerized system (Diprifusor(R)). Two groups were formed: in group A, BIS was monitored, although the information was hidden from the anesthesiologists, who used the usual signs (loss of blinking reflex, pupil size and hemodynamic response) to guide anesthesia; in group B the anesthesiologists used BIS monitoring to guide propofol administration. Measurements were blood pressure, heart rate and BIS at six times during the procedure (T1-T6). Other data recorded were age, weight, height, propofol consumption in relation to weight and duration of procedure, consumption of rocuronium and alfentanil, duration of propofol infusion, time from withdrawal of propofol until eye opening, duration of stay in the post-anesthesia intensive care unit and time until total recovery. A questionnaire assessed the presence of intraoperative awareness and degree of satisfaction. The data were analyzed by Student's t and a chi square tests, with statistical significance at p < 0.05. RESULTS: Demographic variables (age, weight and height) were similar, as were duration of propofol infusion, total dose of alfentanil and rocuronium, evolution of blood pressure and heart rate. Statistically significant differences in BIS were observed at two times, T4 and T5; total propofol administered was 32.6% lower in group B; and time until eye opening was significantly shorter in group B. No significant differences were observed for time until full recovery. No instances of intraoperative awareness were reported and satisfaction was high in both groups. CONCLUSION: BIS monitoring allows for propofol titration that leads to a mean reduction of 32.6% in consumption, shortening the time until eye opening without causing intraoperative awareness or reducing patient satisfaction.

Adult↗