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Biomedical subjects

J M Sloan

Publications and source records attributed to J M Sloan.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Grading of superficial antral gastritis: comparison of cell-counting and photographic-based methods.

A cell-counting technique and a photographic-based scoring system for assessing inflammatory cell infiltration were compared for agreement in 275 endoscopic gastric antral biopsies from 55 dyspeptic patients. Each biopsy was independently scored 0-5 for polymorphs and mononuclear cells using both methods, and a mean score was derived for each patient. There was a highly significant correlation between the mean patient scores obtained using each method (P less than 0.001). Agreement statistics showed that the mean score difference (cell-counting minus photographic score) was negative for polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells, indicating that the photographic method yielded higher mean patient scores. Scatterplots of difference versus mean by the two methods showed that only 3.6 per cent of scores fell outside +/- 2 SD of the mean difference. The use of standard photomicrographs to grade superficial antral gastritis therefore provides accurate results, comparable to those obtained by cell counting, yet is a faster and much cheaper technique.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1991

Appendiceal goblet cell carcinoids: a clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study.

Goblet cell carcinoids are uncommon but distinctive tumours of the appendix. We have reviewed 11 cases diagnosed within the period 1976-1990. The mean age at presentation was 58 years (range 24-76), with a female:male ratio of 8:3. At presentation, in seven patients tumour was confined to the appendix or mesoappendix (mean age 51) and in four there was extension beyond the appendix (mean age 69). Of the seven patients with localized tumour, six are alive and without clinical disease after a mean follow-up period of 32 months and one died with recurrent tumour after 10 years. Of the four with more extensive disease, two died during follow-up (at 23 months with probable liver metastases and at 16 months with intestinal obstruction) and two are alive, one with disease and one clinically disease-free. Immunohistochemistry showed that all of the tumours stained positively for either neuron-specific enolase, chromogranin A or protein gene product 9.5. No tumour stained with antiserum to substance P and none showed glucagon-like immunoreactivity, but four cases stained positively for pancreatic polypeptide, an unusual feature in midgut carcinoids.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Changing patterns in presentation and management of the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome in Northern Ireland, 1970-1988.

The clinical features, diagnostic methods, management and survival in 16 cases of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome encountered in Northern Ireland between the years 1970 and 1988 are described. While the majority of patients in the first decade of the study period had surgical treatment, those presenting in the latter period have been managed with medical therapy in the form of H2-receptor antagonists or omeprazole. The increasing use of these agents seems to be altering the severe clinical features of this condition, reducing the indications for surgery and maintaining patients, with or without evidence of metastatic disease, in clinical remission.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

A comparison of symptoms between non-ulcer dyspepsia patients positive and negative for Helicobacter pylori.

The role of Helicobacter pylori infection in the symptom complex associated with non-ulcer dyspepsia is uncertain, despite the presence of the organism in a high proportion of these patients. In order to exclude physician bias in history taking, 18 patients (9 female) diagnosed as non-ulcer dyspepsia, after endoscopy and gallbladder ultrasonography, underwent computer interrogation using the Glasgow Diagnostic System for Dyspepsia (GLADYS). Five antral and 3 fundal endoscopic biopsies from these patients were also histologically examined for the presence of Helicobacter pylori and quantitatively analysed for polymorph and chronic inflammatory cell densities per mm2 of lamina propria using computer-linked image analysis. In the group of 9/18 patients who were positive for Helicobacter pylori, there were significantly higher antral and fundal inflammatory cell counts than in negative patients. However, analysis of the GLADYS interrogation data showed no significant positive relationships between Helicobacter pylori positivity and any gastrointestinal symptoms. These results confirm a significant association between Helicobacter pylori and superficial gastritis but suggest that non-ulcer dyspepsia in patients with Helicobacter pylori colonisation is probably not a clinically identifiable and distinct syndrome.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1990

Early gastric cancer: a report of 30 cases.

Thirty patients with early gastric cancer have been reviewed. Endoscopy demonstrated gastric abnormality in 93% of patients examined and biopsy was accurate in 96% of cases. Twenty-nine patients were treated by partial gastrectomy, although three required further procedures. The commonest morphological type was type III (45%). Five patients with early gastric cancer had lymph node spread at the time of presentation. The relative 5-year survival rate was 68%. Four patients eventually died of gastric cancer. Three patients (10%) developed a second primary carcinoma. The significance of this diagnosis is emphasized and selective screening is considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

A histological study of the effect of chronic gastritis on gastrin cell distribution in the human stomach.

To determine the effect of varying degrees of gastritis on the distribution of immuno-reactive gastrin cells 38 partial gastrectomy specimens have been studied. Routinely stained histological sections of mucosa were compared with serial and adjacent sections stained by specific immunohistochemistry using peroxidase and fluorescent techniques. While chronic superficial gastritis had no obvious effect, mild atrophic gastritis was associated with an uneven distribution of gastrin cells which became more marked with increasing severity of gastritis. In the region of intestinal metaplasia gastrin cells were almost totally absent. Small numbers of gastrin cells were found within areas of pseudopyloric metaplasia in the fundus, a region where those cells are not normally seen. Similarly, gastrin cells were detected within regenerative gastric polypi in both antrum and fundus.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1977

Treatment of peptic ulcer in renal failure.

The occurrence and pathophysiology of peptic ulcer was studied in 117 uraemic patients. Ulcer disease was unusually frequent, and the highest incidence was found in patients on regular dialysis (48%). Factors implicated were hyperacidity, hypergastrinaemia, and the effect of dialysis itself. We found that the occurrence of gastrointestinal bleeding was lower post-transplant (7%), than pre-transplant (15%), and that bleeding in renal transplant patients was due more commonly to erosive gastritis than peptic ulcer. Cimetidene was given to 9 regular dialysis patients with peptic ulcer. Symptomatic relief and significant reduction of acid secretion was demonstrated, and no major side effects occured. There is a logical basis for conservative treatment of uncomplicated peptic ulcer in the dialysis patient, and further evaluation of cimetidene is indicated.

Cimetidine↗
PubMed1975

Progestogen-induced diabetes in the dog.

The development of diabetes in a small percentage of female beagles receiving large doses of synthetic progestogen for one year is described. The abnormalities in blood sugar and plasma insulin responses to oral glucose arising during induction of diabetes are presented. After a two-year period of diabetes, two animals were examined histologically. Lesions in the kidney and retina, similar to early lesions associated with human diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy, were present. Histologic changes related to the diabetes were also seen in the pancreas and pituitary. The means of induction of the diabetes is discussed. The study supports the view that the dog is a useful species in which to study the long-term pathology of diabetes,

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The porcine endothelial cell in tissue culture.

Endothelial cells from porcine aorta and inferior vena cava have been harvested, using trypsin, EDTA or collagenase, and grown in tissue culture. Growth-behaviour, cytology, scanning and electronmicroscopy findings are reported. It is hoped that this technique will prove useful in the investigation of atherosclerosis.

Animals↗