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Biomedical subjects

J M Whitaker

Publications and source records attributed to J M Whitaker.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

The double stapling technique for low anterior resection. Results, modifications, and observations.

Since the introduction of the end-to-end anastomosis (EEA) stapler for rectal reconstruction, we have used a modification of the conventional technique in which the lower rectal segment is closed with the linear stapler (TA-55) and the anastomosis is performed using the EEA instrument across the linear staple line (double stapling technique). Our experience with this procedure includes stapled colorectal anastomoses in 75 patients and is the basis for the report. This review presents the details and advantages of the technique and the results. Complications include two patients with anastomotic leak (2.7%), and two with stenosis that required treatment (2.7%). Protective colostomy was not done in this series. There were no deaths. Our experience and that of others suggests that this modification of the EEA technique can allow a lower anastomosis in some patients, and that it can be done with greater safety and facility.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Characterization of an inhibitor of granulocyte/monocyte colony formation in leukemic chicken plasma.

The plasma of chicks with myeloblastic leukemia (induced by avian myeloblastosis virus, AMV) contained an inhibitor which blocked colony formation in vitro by marrow cells. It eluted in the second protein peak obtained by Sephadex G-200 gel filtration and was found in the diafiltrate following defiltration through a UM 10 membrane under acidic conditions. It was not extractable with chloroform, was heat-stable (65 degrees C, 30 min), pronase-sensitive and had a molecular weight less than or equal to 5000 daltons as determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Thus, it appears to be a small, acid-soluble, heat-stable peptide. It had no interferon activity. It was not present or present only at very low levels in normal plasma. Furthermore, it was not elevated in chicks infected only with the nonleukemogenic helper virus of AMV, and was, therefore, associated with leukemia rather than virus-replication. Leukemic myeloblasts, purified by passage in suspension culture, released the inhibitor. It acted directly on the colony-forming cell and inhibited normal cells much more than leukemic cells. In normal marrow, macrophage and granulocyte progenitors were affected. A similar inhibitor in normal plasma inhibited only granulocyte progenitors.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The use of cellulose products to reduce agar concentration in microbiological media.

The use of agar in media for culturing microorganisms is fundamental to microbiological investigations. Shortages of agar have caused increased costs and difficulty in obtaining media. Evidence is presented for the use of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), an inert compound, in conjunction with agar to reduce the concentration of agar necessary to achieve a solid plating surface. A variety of bacteria, blue-green bacteria, fungi, and a yeast were tested for growth on CMC agar media. T-2 bacteriophage and three cyanophages were tested for plaque-forming efficiency on CMC agar plates. Selective and differential media were also formulated with a CMC agar supplement. Growth of all microorganisms was comparable on CMC and agar control. Use of cellulose products provides a means of decreasing agar consumption without affecting successful cultivation of microorganisms.

Agar↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comprehensive community-based youth diversion program.

The authors describe a community-based program to divert youths from the juvenile justice system. The program's special features and (1) data collection that permits evaluation and accountability, and (2) liaison with justice personnel, service agencies, and the community.

Adolescent↗