The present rabies situation in Denmark.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
J Müller
Publications and source records attributed to J Müller.
Distribution of mast cells in human synovial tissue of patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Mast cells are demonstrated in synovial membranes of patients with osteo-arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis using a new staining principle based on interaction of heparin in mast cell granules with peroxidase labeled avidin. It was found that mast cell numbers in the subsynovial layer of patients with rheumatoid arthritis were significantly lower than those in patients suffering from osteo-arthritis. This decrease can be mainly attributed to patients with rheumatoid arthritis whose synovitis was characterized by a distinct histomorphological pattern consisting of lining cell ulcers and granulation tissue. However, when mast cell numbers in rheumatoid arthritis and osteo-arthritis patients were compared without respect to mast cell distribution in the subsynovial layer or the stratum fibrosum, no statistical differences between the diseases could be observed.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
[Enzyme histochemical demonstration of immunoglobulins in joint capsules in chronic polyarthritis and active inflammatory arthritis].
In rheumatoid arthritis, immunoglobulins are detectable in joint capsules within the subsynovial space and in superficial cell layers in significantly greater frequency as compared with osteoarthritis. These extravascular immunoglobulins were demonstrated in good agreement by a three-step immuno-peroxydase technique and a two-step alkaline phosphatase technique, the former being preferable because of reduced unspecific background staining. Both techniques are at least as sensitive as conventional immunofluorescence while in addition rendering the histological evaluation of the entire joint capsule possible. Thus, the detection of extravascular immunoglobulins can be related to their activity as mediators of inflammation. Accordingly, hypertrophy and hyperplasia of superficial cells as well as stromal proliferation could be consequences of immunoglobulins or immune-complexes persisting in the joint capsule. The histochemical techniques described here are suitable to morphologically distinguish osteoarthritis from chronic polyarthritis in histological sections. The presence of immunoglobulins in superficial cell layers and/or extravascular spaces argues in favour of rheumatoid arthritis.
Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
[Distribution of immunoglobulin classes in joint capsules in osteoarthritis (arthrosis) and chronic polyarthritis].
The distribution of the various classes of immunoglobulins (IG) in synovial membranes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in osteoarthritis (OA) is analyzed. Both plasma cells and extravascular deposits of immunoglobulins are stained using class-specific antisera and the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique. It can be shown that the local humoral immune response in RA-Synovialitis occurs at a higher level than that of OA; inflammatory infiltrates are denser and plasma cells are activated to a higher degree which is evident in the greater intensity of cytoplasmic staining. While there is no difference in the relation between singular classes of IG in these two groups of diseases, the fraction of plasma cells synthesizing an immunoglobulin is greatly elevated in RA-Synovialitis and there is a correlation of this to the morphological degree of RA-Synovialitis. This applies even more to extravascular deposits of IG with rheumatoid-factor-activity. The determination and staining of extravascular immunoglobulins with a polyvalent anti-human-serum or with antisera specific for the gamma, alpha, and mu-antigens of heavy chains as well as the demonstration of rheumatoid-factor activity of these IG constitute a possibility to histochemically discriminate between RA-Synovialitis and OA-induced synovialitis. In OA, intensely stained areas of IG with rheumatoid-factor-activity located extravascularly are never found.
Antibody Formation↗
Reliable noninvasive rejection diagnosis after heart transplantation in childhood.
Rejection diagnosis was exclusively handled with noninvasive techniques in 16 children (mean age, 8.6 +/- 5.7 years; range, 0.9 to 15.2 years) over a total follow-up period of 18.3 patient years. No endomyocardial biopsies were performed. Intramyocardial electrogram recordings and echocardiographic investigations were used as two noninvasive techniques for rejection diagnosis. Daily noninvasive telemetric monitoring of the overnight intramyocardial electrogram was the major diagnostic guideline. The intramyocardial electrogram signal of the sleeping child was transmitted to a bedside receiver by an implanted telemetric pacemaker. The QRS amplitude was automatically analyzed and transferred to the in-hospital computer via a telephone modem connection. Rejection was diagnosed when QRS amplitude fell more than 8% below average baseline levels for 3 successive days, which was the indication for hospital admission. Medical antirejection treatment was instituted only if echocardiography showed impaired early diastolic left ventricular relaxation concomitant with a QRS-amplitude loss. The echocardiographic criterion was a prolongation of the parameter Te (Te is defined as the time span between onset of diastole and peak relaxation velocity of left ventricular wall) by more than 10 milliseconds compared to previous intraindividual values. Survival after a mean follow-up time of 13.7 months (range, 2 to 57 months) is 100%. A total of 22 rejection episodes were treated. During the first 6 postoperative months, the incidence of rejection requiring treatment was 1.4 episodes per patient. In patients at home, distant monitoring detected 13 episodes of a significant QRS-amplitude drop, which led to hospital readmission. In eight children, echocardiography was likewise positive, and rejection treatment was instituted. One child with positive intramyocardial electrography received antirejection treatment because of clinical evidence of rejection, although echocardiography was negative. In three instances, systemic infection was associated with the QRS-voltage loss. In one child a reason for QRS-complex reduction could not be identified. One rejection episode was treated on the grounds of clinical signs and positive echocardiography without a significant QRS-voltage drop. We conclude that distant noninvasive rejection monitoring based on meticulous application of the techniques described is a safe procedure. Daily monitoring of QRS amplitude in patients at home is an excellent safeguard against overlooking significant rejection episodes. This is of special importance in infants and children, in whom routine endomyocardial biopsy cannot be performed. Distant overnight monitoring minimizes psychosocial disturbance during follow-up after heart transplantation.
Adolescent↗