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Biomedical subjects

J Małolepszy

Publications and source records attributed to J Małolepszy.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

[The results of research on the prevalence of allergy to Hymenoptera venom in Southwestern Poland].

A questionnaire designed to estimate the prevalence of allergic reactions to Hymenoptera venom was posted to 1000 inhabitants of south west Poland. 881 persons responded to the questionnaire. 255 (28.9%) reported allergic reactions to stinging insects venom 141 persons (16%) report large local reactions (LL) and 114 (12.9%) systemic reactions (SYS) after stinging. At the second stage of the study 95 persons, out of the 255, were examined by a physician and tested with the intracutaneous skin test. Anamnesis carried out by the physician initially confirmed venom allergy in 87% of the LL group and 77.5% of the SYS group. Skin test results verified the above assessments confirming venom allergy in 38% persons initially reporting LL reactions and in 55% of those initially reporting SYS reaction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Toxic reaction induced by Hymenoptera stings].

Clinical symptoms of toxic reactions occurred in two patients following multiple stinging by bees and wasps respectively. The first cause is that of 76-year old woman attacked by a swarm of bees (about 200 stings), the other case presents a 69-year old man who was stung by several dozen of wasps. In the first case the toxic reaction was manifested by shock, acute renal failure, tissue damage of the skin, muscles and liver and haemolysis which resulted in the patients death. These symptoms occur as a results of the cytotoxic effects of bee venom components such as melittin, phospholipase and kinins. In the course of the disease, noteworthy are: the initial phase mimicking an anaphylactic shock, haemolysis and rhabdomyolysis which lead to acute renal failure with tubular necrosis. In the second case skin symptoms prevailed. Additionally, laboratory tests showed increased CPK as a results of myolysis caused by components of insect venom. The progress of toxic reactions following multiple stinging especially by bees, calls for hospital observation of stung patients with careful monitoring of renal function.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1998

[Specificity and sensitivity of some signs, symptoms and basic laboratory findings for differentiation between bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

The aim of this study was to asses the importance of the most frequently observed signs and symptoms, as well as commonly used laboratory tests for differentiation between bronchial asthma and chronic obturative pulmonary disease (COPD). Sensitivity(Se) and specificity (Sp) indices were calculated for 140 analysed variables. Sixty one patients diagnosed as having COPD and 89 as suffering from asthma were analysed. For each patient the modified ATS-DLD-75-C questionnaire was filled out, and laboratory tests results were collected. Laboratory findings included: basic spirometry, diurnal PEF variation, bronchodilator tests with salbutamol, ipratropium bromide and corticosteroids, challenges with histamine and exercise, blood gas analysis, skin tests, chest X ray, ECG, blood cell count, blood and sputum eosinophilia. The results obtained have shown that there is no single parameter characterised by specificity and sensitivity that enable to differentiate between the diseases of interest with sufficient accuracy. Sputum expectoration for et least 3 months of the year (Se = 84%, Sp = 69%), smoking index (cigarettes number per day x years of smoking) > or = 200 (Se = 89%, Sp = 74%), have appeared to have the highest sensitivity and specificity for COPD. Most typical of asthma are: intermittent episodes of wheezing (Se = 89%, Sp = 69%), positive bronchodilator tests: with salbutamol (Se--73%, Sp--93%), with ipratropium bromide and with corticosteroids (Se--66%, Sp--94%) and diurnal variation of PEF > or = 20% predicted (Se--64%, Sp--92%). Challenge test with histamine is of limited value for differentiation bronchial asthma from COPD (Se--96%, Sp--40%), while blood eosinophilia, resting spirometry or blood gases are useless for this purpose.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Spontaneous motility and chemotaxis of neutrophils is influenced by glycocorticosteroid therapy.

The migration of neutrophils is an important part of the allergic inflammatory response. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of glucocorticosteroids (GCS) on the stimulated and unstimulated migration of neutrophils. The study comprised 103 asthmatics including 44 subjects under GCS therapy (20 GCS resistant and 24 GCS sensitive) as well as 96 healthy control individuals. Unstimulated (random) motility as well as chemotactic response towards fMLP (10-8 mol/l) were determined after Boyden method. Neutrophil motility was determined by the distance of the leading front in filter. In both resistant and sensitive asthmatics under GCS therapy we observed significantly increased unstimulated motility as compared to normal controls (p < 0.001). However, this effect was not demonstrated in the GCS untreated group. Neutrophil chemotaxis towards fMLP was increased in GCS untreated group as compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05). In GCS sensitive subjects the chemotatic activity was decreased. In GCS resistant asthmatics it was moderately increased. We conclude that increased unstimulated neutrophil motility might be one of the immunosuppressive mechanisms of GCS by preventing the cell accumulation at the sites of inflammation.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Spontaneous histamine release by basophils and bronchial hyperreactivity in patients with hay fever].

Basophil spontaneous histamine release test was performed in seventeen patients suffered from seasonal allergic rhinitis before, 2 weeks after immunotherapy and during pollen season. During pollen season at the same day non-specific bronchial hyperreactivity to histamine was estimated. Values of spontaneous basophil histamine release before immunotherapy were not different from control group but significantly increased after immunotherapy and during pollen season. There was no correlation between degree of nonspecific bronchial hyperreactivity and values of spontaneous histamine release from basophils.

Allergens↗
PubMed1995

[Concentration of eosinophil cationic protein in blood serum during early and late asthmatic reaction].

Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) was measured in blood serum of 15 atopic asthmatics during early (EAR) and late (LAR) asthmatic reaction triggered by specific allergen provocation. Nonspecific bronchial hyperreactivity was evaluated in histamine provocation test before and 48 hours after the allergen challenge. We observed dual asthmatic reaction (DAR) in 8 and an isolated EAR in 7 patients. The ECP serum level and nonspecific bronchial hyperreactivity were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the DAR group when compared to EAR responders. An inverse correlation between PC20 for histamine and ECP level was shown before and after the allergen challenge in all examined subjects (R = -0.5472, p < 0.05).

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Peripheral blood eosinophilia in patients with bronchial asthma before and after bronchial provocation].

The study was set up in order to check the usefulness of peripheral blood eosinophilia in asthma diagnosis and asthma therapy monitoring. Twenty mild asthmatics entered the study--ten atopic and ten nonatopic. Eosinophilia was estimated twice: on the day of admission and twenty four hours after bronchial provocation. Bronchial hyperreactivity was measured on both occasions. We showed, that there was no difference in eosinophilia between atopic and nonatopic subjects before provocation but the difference was significant 24 hrs after provocation. In both groups of asthmatics eosinophilia correlated with bronchial hyperreactivity before and after provocation. We concluded, that eosinophilia is an easy and valuable parameter in monitoring the degree of allergic inflammation in asthmatics.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Evaluation of allergic inflammation parameters in bronchoalveolar lavage in patients with asthma].

The study was set up to evaluate the changes in broncho-alveolar lavage cell-count in asthmatics after bronchial provocation. Similarities and differences between atopic (A) and nonatopic (N) asthma were given a special concern. Twenty mild asthmatics--10 A and 10 N. There was no difference in BAL eosinophila between these groups before provocation. After provocation more eosinophils were found in A group (p = 0.06). Neutrophils were more numerous in N on both occasions--0 = 0.00003 and p = 0.006 respectively). Lymphocytes showed a similar pattern--p = 0.03, p = 0.003. A positive correlation between BAL eosinophilia and bronchial hyperreactivity was shown in both groups. Inflammation, including inflammatory cells plays a major role in bronchial asthma pathophysiology. It seems to be more expressed in nonatopic patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Role of the autonomic nervous system (adrenergic, cholinergic and nonadrenergic, noncholinergic) in regulation of respiratory system function].

There is now recognized that the autonomic innervation of airways consists of classic adrenergic and cholinergic nerves as well as of a "third" - nonadrenergic noncholinergic (NANC) - nervous system. Taking into account its complex regulatory role can be crucial for better understanding of various phenomena attributable to bronchial asthma.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1994

Specific pollen allergen activates eosinophils of the patient with chronic allergic contact urticaria.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the activation of eosinophils in an unique case of a young man with atopy manifested as chronic pollen contact urticaria. In order to reveal the role of eosinophils in that case, the study was performed by means of monoclonal antibodies EG2 and chemiluminescence. In addition, comparative electron microscopic study of peripheral blood and skin infiltrating eosinophils were performed for which the name ultrastructural morphometric analysis of intracytoplasmic eosinophil granules has been proposed. The results indicated, that 40% of peripheral blood eosinophils were activated spontaneously and they were more active than those in skin infiltrates. Specific pollen allergen caused activation of 100% of peripheral blood eosinophils. The study suggests presence of a systemic pattern of eosinophil activation in atopy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Spontaneous and allergen induced basophil histamine release and bronchial hyperreactivity].

In this study we have measured spontaneous and allergen induced basophil histamine release before and 24 hours after specific allergen bronchoprovocation challenge. Non-specific bronchial hyperreactivity was estimated twice: before and after allergen challenge. 15 atopic asthmatic entered the study. 8 of them developed only early asthmatic reaction and 7 demonstrated dual asthmatic reaction. In dual responders group higher values of spontaneous basophil histamine release before and increase of allergen induced basophil histamine release after specific allergen bronchoprovocation challenge were observed. There was an inverse correlation between values of allergen induced basophil histamine release and values of PC20 for histamine.

Asthma↗
PubMed1994

[Allergic bronchitis in bronchial asthma].

Asthma was known already in ancient times. International Consensus Report on Diagnosis and Management of Asthma published in 1993 gives its updated definition, classification and treatment, but pathomechanism and pathophysiological differences between atopic and non-atopic asthma remain unclear. Most commonly accepted is the inflammatory conception of asthma presented by Kay in 1983. Eosinophil, lymphocyte and their products seem to play an important role in allergic inflammation. A raise of interest toward adhesion molecules role has been observed lately.

Asthma↗
PubMed1994

[Granulocyte chemiluminescence during early and late asthmatic reaction].

Allergic asthmatic patients were challenged with specific allergen resulting in early and dual asthmatic reaction. FMLP induced granulocyte chemiluminescence was measured before and in 10 min, 60 min, 4 hours and 24 hours after allergen challenge. We have observed significant decrease of granulocyte chemiluminescence in both groups. In patient with early asthmatic reaction decrease of luminescence was observed during first hour only. In patients with dual asthmatic reaction decrease of luminescence was observed during 24 hours after allergen challenge.

Adult↗