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Biomedical subjects

J Machado

Publications and source records attributed to J Machado.

52 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Myxoma of the left atrium presenting as repeated cerebrovascular disorders].

Infarction of the central nervous system secondary to embolism from a left atrial myxoma is a recognized phenomenon. However, a myxoma as the source of an embolus may be overlooked, if, during the evaluation of a patient with a stroke of unknown etiology, an index of suspicion is not present. We report a case of a 57-year old woman presenting three episodes of cerebral infarction always in the same brain territory, suggesting a carotid pathology. The physical examination of the patient only showed a loud S1 with no other sounds and neurologic alterations, namely, right hemiparesia and aphasia. Diagnosis was made by two-dimensional echocardiography and better delineation was obtained by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The patient subsequently received a successful ressection of the myxoma. Eighteen months later the patient was well.

Cerebrovascular Disorders↗
PubMed1994

[Mucocutaneous pathology in HIV infection].

Several infectious, neoplastic or inflammatory skin diseases, may be early manifestations of HIV infection. We reviewed the clinical data of 226 HIV seropositive male patients with cutaneous disease, from a total of 337 inpatients at the Infectious Diseases Unit--Department of Medicine 1--Curry Cabral Hospital, from 1985 to 1991. Some considerations are made about the most common dermatological disorders: oral candidiasis, seborrheic dermatitis, Kaposi's sarcoma, herpes simplex infection, drug-related skin disorders, herpes zoster and dermatophytosis. The high prevalence of cutaneous manifestations in HIV infection, the uncommon clinical findings and their occasional therapeutic problems, makes an early diagnosis essential.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1993

[Yersinia enterocolitica. A seroprevalence study and report of 3 clinical cases].

Yersinia enterocolitica is a gram negative bacillus that emerged in the past two decades as an important enteric pathogen associated with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. The authors present a seroepidemiological survey, in 200 hospitalized patients, and describe three curious case reports of this infection, including a serious case of endocarditis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Prevalence of Salmonella in chicken carcasses in Portugal.

During 1986-87 57% of 300 chicken carcasses yielded salmonellas where tested by a swabbing method. Serotypes isolated were Salmonella enteritidis (66%), Salm. agona (12%), Salm. newport (6%), Salm. saintpaul (6%), Salm. derby (4%), Salm. typhimurium (3%), Salm. bardo (1%), Salm. ohio (1%) and untypable (2%). The results are compared with those of avian and human salmonellosis registered in Portugal during the same period.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1990

[Significance of the captopril test in the diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism --apropos of 4 clinical cases].

We describe four cases of primary hyperaldosteronism whose initial presentation was a moderate to severe hypertension. In three patients an adrenal adenoma was found; in another patient was due to unilateral adrenal hyperplasia. A good therapeutic response was achieved in all cases by unilateral adrenalectomy. The captopril test (Lyons version) proved useful to exclude essential hypertension and, may be, in distinguishing the new sub-types of primary hyperaldosteronism recently described. Indeed, only in the case of unilateral adrenal hyperplasia a fall in plasma aldosterone levels was observed. However, we feel that further investigation is needed to clarify this point.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Reconstruction of the chest wall].

In cases of malignant disease of the chest wall, such as primary tumors or extensive metastases, a particularly large resection is necessary. This leads to great problems in restoring an adequately functional chest wall. In addition to the cosmetic effect one must pay particular consideration to the dynamic parameters of pulmonary function. In a 54 years old male suffering from recurrent malignant schwannoma we performed an extensive chest wall resection. It included the ribs 3-8 on the right. The extension of the defect was 15 X 22 cm. We reconstructed the pleura with Vicryl-mesh. The covering was done with musculus pectoralis major, musculus rectus abdominis and a musculocutaneous obliquus externus abdominis flap. Three months after operation a small restriction of vital capacity is observed. In a 29 years old male partial resection of the right chest wall had to be done for a local extended chondro-sarcoma. The tumor included the ribs 4-9: chest wall defect after resection amounted to 15 X 18 cm. We performed a primary reconstruction using Vicryl-mesh as substitute for the pleura. We covered the pleura with a musculocutaneous latissimus dorsi flap. Three months after successful reconstruction the parameters of pulmonary function reached normal values again. In these and further cases the combination of Vicryl-mesh as a resorbable substitute for the pleura and musculocutaneous flaps for the chest wall has been successful in restoring a good pulmonary function.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

[Effect of chlormandinone acetate upon seizures in epileptic children with latent signs of hyperandrogenism].

The effect of chlormadinone acetate (24 mg/day) upon the plasma levels of pituitary gonadotropins and gonadal hormones on the number of generalized convulsions and spike EEG density was investigated in a group of epileptic children with intractable seizures and with clinical signs suggestive of hyperandrogenism. In each case, the effect of chlormadinone was evaluated in relation to hormonal levels and seizures observed during a control period and under the effect of placebo as follows: Control (PC)-Chlormadinone acetate (PCL1)-Placebo (PP)-Chlormadinone acetate (PCL2). In a male child (4MS), the number of convulsive attacks observed in the control period (26/month) was reduced during PCL1 (2/month) increased during PP (12/month) and was reduced again during PCL2 (0/month). Spike EEG density showed a parallel course to the clinical attacks. In this case, control levels of testosterone were markedly elevated (40 ng/ml) and were decreased during PCL1 to 4.0 increased again during PP to 34.0 and decreased again during PCL2 to 1.2 ng/ml. Plasma levels of pituitary gonadotropins were unchanged throughout the entire period of study. In other cases, neither the number of epileptic attacks nor spike EEG density were apparently affected by this regime and plasma levels of pituitary gonadotropins and gonadal hormones were also unmodified. These results suggest that a latent state of hyperandrogenism may be detected in some epileptic patients with intractable seizures and that chlormadinone may reduce convulsive attacks in these patients, probably by decreasing testosterone plasma levels.

Androstenedione↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antiviral activity and resistance profile of phosphazid--a novel prodrug of AZT.

Both AZT and its novel 5'-hydrogen phosphonate derivative, Phosphazid, possess similar in vitro activity and resistance profiles. Experiments involving AZT-resistant virus isolates revealed a strong correlation between resistance to AZT and cross-resistance to Phosphazid. In vitro selection for resistance to Phosphazid yielded viruses that were about 15-fold less sensitive than wild-type virus to this drug. Sequencing of the reverse transcriptase region of seven Phosphazid-selected viruses revealed a single codon mutation, D67N, that is associated with resistance to AZT.

Anti-HIV Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The hemolytic-uremic syndrome].

The microangiopathic thrombotic syndromes--thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)--are characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, renal dysfunction, fever and central nervous system abnormalities. Today they are considered as two extremes of a continuous spectrum named TTP--HUS. The syndrome is an uncommon disease with a high mortality rate, despite treatment. The authors describe a case of hemolytic uremic syndrome in a young adult patient. Initially the clinical course and the first biopsy suggested a favourable prognosis, but the early recurrence with severe hypertension was followed by a fatal outcome 6 months later. Concerning this clinical case, the authors present a review of the most recent aspects of the pathogenesis and treatment of this syndrome.

Adolescent↗