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J Madić

Publications and source records attributed to J Madić.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Immune complex-based vaccine for pig protection against parvovirus.

The insoluble immune complexes (ICs) were prepared under the conditions of double immunodiffusion in gel, using the suspension of the ultrasound treated PK-15 cell-line infected with porcine parvovirus (PPV) containing both viral particles and viral proteins, as well as pig or rabbit anti-PPV polyclonal immune sera. The immunodiffusion performed in an agarose gel allows only viral subunits with a molecular mass equal to or less than 1000 kDa, rather than the viral particles, to diffuse through the gel and reach the point where the immunoprecipitate is to be formed. The immunoprecipitation under the conditions of the diffusion ensures the optimal, i.e. equimolar ratio of both immunoprecipitating components, antibody/antigen in the IC. The sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the Western blot analyses showed the ICs were composed of two proteins, a protein in which molecular mass corresponded to the VP2 of the PPV and a protein with a molecular mass of the IgG. This suggests that the ICs are mainly composed of the VP2 antigen and IgG class antibodies. The potency of the IC-vaccines prepared in the form of a water-in-oil-in-water emulsion was compared with that of a commercially available, inactivated oil vaccine. The vaccination of gilts, 6 weeks before mating, with the IC containing allogeneic pig antibodies, resulted in the development of high and long-lasting anti-PPV antibody titres, similar to those generated by the licenced vaccine (P > 0.01). The content of the virus material administered by the IC was twice lower than that in the licenced vaccine. Neither systemic nor local reactions were observed in the gilts during the period of the trial with the IC vaccine. The number of viable piglets per litter varied between 9 and 12 and no signs of the PPV infection were detected. Rabbits were used as one of the alternative laboratory animal models accepted for the testing of the vaccine against the PPV. The rabbit humoral immune response generated by the IC containing the allogeneic antibodies were higher than that generated by the ICs containing the xenogeneic pig antibodies. It was similar to that generated by two-times higher content of the virus material administered by a commercially available vaccine. The IC-based vaccines belong to non-replicating, subunit vaccines, which are both ecologically convenient and the safest vaccines of all.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[An acute pancreatitis in a child caused by Na-valproate].

Na-valproat (Apilepsin, Eftil), is is a commonly prescribed medication approved for treatment of epilepsy, trigeminal neuralgy, migraine, and bipolar disorder. Although the common adverse effects associated with Na-valproat are usually benign, more serious and fatal complication like liver failure and acute pancreatitis (AP) can occur. Acute pancreatitis may take place in all ages, regardless of dose and serum levels of the medicine. An acute pancreatitis is relatively common after intravenous administration. The authors presented a case of acute opancreatitis in 13-years girl caused by Na-valproat.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2003

Genetic typing of recent classical swine fever virus isolates from Croatia.

During a period of 5 years (1997-2001) several outbreaks of classical swine fever (CSF) were recorded in Croatia. For genetic typing, fragments of 150 nucleotides within the 5'-non-translated region (5'-NTR) and 190 nucleotides within the E2 glycoprotein coding gene of nine field isolates that were derived from domestic pigs and wild boars were used. For better epizootiological understanding, isolates from other European countries were included in the study. The results show that the isolates belong to subgroups 2.1 and 2.3 of CSF virus. Isolates from subgroup 2.1 were collected from domestic pigs during sporadic outbreaks in June 1997 and are genetically closely related. A genomic similarity between these isolates and CSF virus isolates from pigs in other European countries from the same year could also be confirmed. In contrast, the isolate from October 1997 was found to be a member of subgroup 2.3, and is closely related to European CSF virus isolates from outbreaks in the last decade in Western and Central European countries. These results show that two different sources of CSF virus caused outbreaks in Croatia during the same year. Furthermore, a close relationship was found between an isolate from a domestic pig in 1999 and isolates of subgroup 2.3 that originated from Croatian wild boars.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Comparison of antibody values in sera of pigs vaccinated with a subunit or an attenuated vaccine against classical swine fever.

Ten pigs, aged 85 days, were vaccinated with a subunit vaccine containing 32 microg of classical swine fever virus glycoprotein E2 (gp E2) (group 1), and a further 10 pigs were vaccinated with a C strain vaccine (10(4+/-0.15) TCID50/ml), produced by amplification in minipig kidney (MPK) cell culture (group 2). Nine non-vaccinated pigs served as a control group (group 3). Serum samples were collected before (day 0) and at 4, 10, 21 and 28 days after vaccination and were analysed by two commercially available enzyme immunoassays and by a neutralizing peroxidase-linked assay (NPLA). At the same times, peripheral blood was taken for determining the total leukocyte count and the body temperature was taken daily. Antibodies were not detected in serum samples collected before vaccination (day 0), and no side-effects that could be connected with vaccination were observed during the trial. Ten days after vaccination 6/10 pigs vaccinated with the subunit vaccine were seropositive. On days 21 and 28, the ratios of serologically positive to vaccinated pigs were 9/10 and 10/10, respectively. Four of the ten pigs that were vaccinated with the C strain vaccine were positive on day 21 and 9/10 on day 28. However, the results of the NPLA showed that only 4/10 pigs had an antibody titre > 1:32 at the end of the trial in both the vaccinated groups, even though the subunit vaccine initiated an earlier and higher level of neutralizing antibodies than the vaccine produced from the C strain. Challenge was performed 28 days after vaccination on four randomly selected pigs from both vaccinated groups. The pigs survived the challenge without showing any clinical signs of classical swine fever (CSF), while two nonvaccinated control pigs died on the 10th and 12th days after infection.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of 183 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from dogs to selected antipseudomonal agents.

During the years from 1993 to 2000, 183 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated from different pathological specimens originating from dogs. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns against 10 antipseudomonal agents were obtained on 183 P. aeruginosa strains. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer). Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles showed that among beta-lactam antibiotics, imipenem was the most active compound. Out of the 183 strains tested, 96.7% were sensitive to imipenem. Cefoperazone showed good in vitro activity against 86.9% of the tested strains. Against ceftazidime, 77.0% of strains showed sensitivity. An old penicillin, carbenicillin, gave only 71.6% sensitive strains. Sensitivity to amikacin was 87.4% and it was 83.1% to gentamicin. Pipimedic acid, a first-generation quinolone, was the least active compound of all those tested, 47.0% were resistant. The in vitro sensitivity against enrofloxacin showed that 71.0% strains were sensitive and 26.2% showed resistance. Almost all strains tested, 93.4%, were susceptible to ciprofloxacin and marbofloxacin. Besides imipenem, the quinolone antibiotics, marbofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were the most effective against P. aeruginosa strains isolated from dogs.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Classical swine fever virus (C strain) distribution in organ samples of inoculated piglets.

Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and a nested polymerase chain reaction after reverse transcription (RT-PCR) were used for the detection of the Chinese strain (C strain) of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) in blood and tissue samples of experimentally inoculated piglets. One group of 10 piglets was inoculated with C strain material from rabbits and a second one with material from infected minipig kidney (MPK) cell culture. Tested blood samples were taken on the day of inoculation as well as on days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 13 and 16. Samples of spleen, tonsil and brain tissue were collected from piglets on days 6, 8, 10, 13 and 16 and tested for glycoprotein E(RNS) and protein NS2-3 using commercially available ELISA kits. E(RNS) and NS2-3 were detected earlier in blood samples of piglets inoculated with the C strain propagated in a cell culture. Regardless of propagation the presence of the viral E(RNS) and NS2-3 was detected in spleen and tonsil samples simultaneously. The C strain propagated in a cell culture was found in only one brain sample, whereas, the virus propagated in rabbits was detected in 70% of the brain samples. For the detection of the CSFV RNA in blood samples, a part within the 5' non-coding region was amplified. The differences in the results gained by antigen detection in blood samples decreased when nested RT-PCR was used.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Prevalence of antibodies to IBR and BVD viruses in dairy cows with reproductive disorders.

We determined the prevalence of antibodies to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in sera of dairy cows on 4 different farms in the Republic of Croatia. A high percentage (60.8%) of cows had various reproductive disorders. The results showed that seroprevalence of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) was 85.8% and that of bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) was 79.2% in tested cows. Antibodies to both viruses were found in 80.8% of cows with reproductive disorders but in only 46.8% of cows without reproductive disorders. This difference was statistically significant (P<0.01), and indicated a connection between reproductive disorders and simultaneous infections with IBR and BVD viruses in dairy cows.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1999

Spontaneous BHV1 recombinants in which the gI/gE/US9 region is replaced by a duplication/inversion of the US1.5/US2 region.

In a bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1) vaccine strain, a spontaneous BHV1 mutant (Za) was found that arose from a recombination between two isomeric forms of the BHV1 genome. In this Za mutant one end of the U(S) region, containing part of the US1.5 gene, was found duplicated in an inverted orientation at the other end of the U(S) region. Concurrently, a 2.7 kb deletion was found in Za that encompasses both the US8 (gE) and US9 gene. Analysis of the in vitro growth properties of a genetically modified BHV1gE(-) mutant showed that at 11 hours post infection BHV1gE(-) viruses were secreted ten times more efficiently than wild type virus. Using this observation we developed a protocol to enrich for spontaneous gE deletion mutants in a BHV1 field isolate and found another mutant (Rof3) with similar properties as the Za mutant. Rof3 has a duplication/inversion of the US1.5 gene and part of the US2 gene and a simultaneous 3.5 kb deletion that encompasses the US7 (gI), US8 (gE) and US9 genes. The nucleotide sequences of the recombination points of both recombinants were determined and compared. No obvious sequence similarities were found, suggesting that non-homologous recombination events led to the observed recombinations. The implications for the use of BHV1 gE deletion mutants as marker or diva vaccines are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

An outbreak of abortion in mares associated with Salmonella abortusequi infection.

An abortion outbreak occurred in a herd of 38 horses, 26 of which were pregnant mares. Twenty-one mares aborted between 5-10 months of gestation. In no case were there indications of impending abortion. Pathoanatomical, histopathological, virological and bacteriological examinations were carried out on 4 aborted fetuses. Histopathology identified Gram-negative bacteria compatible with salmonella in all 4 placentae. By subsequent bacteriological examination Salmonella abortusequi was isolated as the single causative agent in each case. Nonmotile Salmonella abortusequi with antigenic formula 4,12:-:- was isolated from one of the 4 fetuses. The described episode of equine abortion clearly indicates that Salmonella abortusequi has not been eradicated from Europe as previously thought.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1996

Mycoplasmas associated with bovine conjunctivitis and keratoconjunctivitis.

In two separate herds of fattening calves a sudden-onset outbreak of ocular disease with profuse lacrimation occurred. The disease resembled the early stage of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis but after a few days the clinical signs of bronchopneumonia appeared. From conjunctival swabs Mycoplasma (M.) bovigenitalium, M. bovirhinis and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus were isolated. Moraxella bovis infection was not established. In one of the herds M. bovigenitalium was also found in the pneumonic lungs of dead calves. In one herd M. bovoculi was isolated from a cow with chronic keratoconjunctivitis, housed together with affected calves. Mycoplasmas were not isolated from ocular swabs of six bulls originating from a Reproductive Centre with temporary occurrence of unilateral serous conjunctivitis resistant to antibiotic therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

An inactivated vaccine based on a glycoprotein E-negative strain of bovine herpesvirus 1 induces protective immunity and allows serological differentiation.

The bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1) strain Za is a conventionally attenuated strain with a 2.7 kb deletion that encompasses the complete coding region for glycoprotein E (gE). This gE-negative strain was used as whole-virus antigen in an inactivated virus vaccine. Three different antigen concentrations of this vaccine were evaluated for safety and efficacy in a vaccination-challenge experiment in calves. No adverse effects were observed in any of the calves vaccinated with the gE-negative vaccines. Calves given the vaccine with the highest antigen concentration were adequately protected against challenge; clinical symptoms were virtually absent and challenge virus shedding was significantly reduced as compared with unvaccinated calves. We developed a sensitive blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect antibodies against gE. After vaccination, calves did not produce antibodies against gE, but these antibodies were detectable within 2 weeks after challenge both in vaccinated and in unvaccinated calves. These results demonstrate the efficacy of a gE-negative inactivated BHV1 vaccine and the detectability of antibodies against gE after infection. The combined use of the marker vaccine and the gE-blocking ELISA makes it possible to differentiate between vaccinated animals and infected animals. This possibility may be very useful in BHV1 control programmes.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

A conventionally attenuated glycoprotein E-negative strain of bovine herpesvirus type 1 is an efficacious and safe vaccine.

We examined the vaccine properties of a conventionally attenuated bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) mutant strain A. This strain has a deletion that encompasses the glycoprotein E gene and may therefore be used as a marker vaccine. We compared strain A with a commercial live BHV-1 vaccine B. Calves were intranasally vaccinated with strain A or with vaccine B. Strain A was virtually avirulent for young calves. After challenge, vaccinated calves were protected against disease and virus shedding was considerably reduced. After dexamethasone treatment, strain A was not recovered, whereas vaccine B and challenge virus were. We conclude that strain A is suitable for inclusion in a vaccine and has the potential advantage of being used as a marker vaccine.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1993

Serologic survey for selected viral and rickettsial agents of brown bears (Ursus arctos) in Croatia.

Sera from 22 (13 wild and nine captive) European brown bears (Ursus arctos) from Croatia were tested to 18 viral and rickettsial agents. Serologic evidence of exposure was found to the following agents (number positive/number examined): Bhanja virus (3/15), Tahyna virus (3/15), West Nile virus (4/15), Naples sandfly fever virus (1/15), human adenovirus (1/22), influenza A (1/22) and B (1/22) virus, cytomegalovirus (1/22), parainfluenza virus 1 (2/22), Chlamydia psittaci (1/22), Coxiella burnetii (2/22), and canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2) (7/22). Evidence of exposure to arboviruses was found exclusively among free-living bears. Evidence of exposure to agents usually transmitted directly was predominant among captive bears. Canine parvovirus 2 antibodies were the most frequently found antibodies and the only antibody common to both groups of bears. This may be the first report of antibodies to CPV-2 in bears.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Zoonoses caused by new viruses in the Paramyxoviridae family].

Based on the literature data, the outbreaks of new zoonoses caused by new members of the family Paramyxoviridae are briefly presented. Some characteristics of Hendra and Nipah virus, epidemiological aspects, clinical picture and pathology are described. Fruit bats are mentioned as the key to the epidemiology of Hendra virus. The virus was isolated from affected humans, horses, and from the uterine fluids of a grey-headed fruit bat (pteropus poliocephalus). New morbillivirus designated Nipah virus was isolated from pigs and humans. It caused encephalitis and pneumonia in humans.

Animals↗