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Biomedical subjects

J Maeda

Publications and source records attributed to J Maeda.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Y-29794--a non-peptide prolyl endopeptidase inhibitor that can penetrate into the brain.

A novel non-peptide prolyl endopeptidase (PPCE) inhibitor, Y-29794, has been identified. Y-29794 selectively and competitively inhibited rat brain PPCE (Ki = 0.95 nM) in a reversible manner. Ex vivo study demonstrated that Y-29794 could penetrate into brain to exhibit dose-dependent and long-lasting inhibition. Furthermore, Y-29794 was found to potentiate the effect of TRH on the release of ACh in the rat hippocampus. These results indicate that Y-29794 is an orally active, potent and specific PPCE inhibitor and should be of value in studies on the physiological role of the enzyme in neuropeptide metabolism especially in memory process.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1992

Serum laminin P1 in small cell lung cancer: a valuable indicator of distant metastasis?

Serum laminin P1 was studied in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), respiratory infections, pulmonary fibrosis, and in normal subjects. The level of serum laminin P1 was elevated (greater than 1.27 U ml-1) in 58.9% of SCLC and in 11.5% of NSCLC patients. Median value in SCLC was significantly higher than that in NSCLC (P less than 0.01), respiratory infection (P less than 0.01), and in normal subjects (P less than 0.01), but not statistically different from that in pulmonary fibrosis. The levels of serum laminin P1 in SCLC were related to therapeutic response. However, no certain correlation was established between the level of laminin P1 and the clinical stage of SCLC.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1992

A comparison of endocrine and exocrine function after pancreatic fragment autotransplantation into splenic pulp, portal vein, and hepatic parenchyma.

Three sites were evaluated for potential pancreatic fragment autotransplantation. Both endocrine and exocrine functions were evaluated following autotransplantation into splenic pulp, portal vein, or hepatic parenchyma in 44 pancreatectomized dogs. Cholecystic bile amylase concentrations in the hepatic parenchyma group surviving more than 2 months were elevated significantly, and choledochal bile amylase concentrations increased markedly following pancreozymin-secretin injection. In contrast, bile amylase concentrations in dogs with intrasplenic or intraportal implants were low and did not respond to PS injection. Histologically pancreatic autografts in hepatic parenchyma revealed marked proliferation of exocrine tissue with abundant zymogen granules and reconstruction of the acinar lobules with a few islets. These acinar cells in the hepatic parenchyma were ultrastructurally normal. Transplant endocrine function, estimated by K values, was significantly better after splenic pulp and portal vein than after a hepatic parenchyma implantation, but no group improved during 1-year follow-up. Glucose-stimulated initial insulin responses were abnormally low in all recipients. Islet B cells lacked mature insulin granules, such as seen in normal resting B cells. This ultrastructural finding implies a persistent demand on the B cells and may explain the spontaneous recurrence of hyperglycemia and the diminished initial insulin response to a glucose load. This study indicates that euglycemic recipients of pancreatic fragment autotransplantation remain unstable and prediabetic.

Amylases↗
PubMed1992

Small cell lung cancer with extensive cutaneous and gastric metastases.

A case of a 60-year-old Japanese woman with small cell lung cancer involving skin and stomach is reported. She was diagnosed as primary small cell lung cancer accompanied by extensive cutaneous metastases. Three months after the last chemotherapy, she complained of nausea and vomiting. Brain CT scan showed no evidence of central nervous system involvement. Upper gastrointestinal study and upper gastrointestinal fiberscopy revealed multiple metastatic gastric tumors. Skin and stomach are uncommon metastatic sites for any malignancy. Furthermore, only a few cases with gastric metastasis could be diagnosed during their lifetime.

Carcinoma, Small Cell↗
PubMed1992

A case of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the bronchus producing cancer-associated antigen, CA19-9.

A 73-year-old male was admitted to Hyogo College of Medicine Hospital for further evaluation of chest x-ray abnormalities. Chest roentgenogram taken at admission showed right lower lobe atelectasis and bronchoscopic examination revealed an endobronchial tumor obstructing the left lower lobe bronchus. The biopsy specimen showed cribriform adenoid cystic carcinoma. The serum CA19-9 level was markedly elevated at admission, leading to immunohistochemical analysis of the biopsy specimen. As a result, in the tumor, CA19-9 was positively stained. This is probably the first reported case of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the bronchus which produces CA19-9.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Immunohistochemical analysis of CA19-9, SLX, and CA125 in adenoid cystic carcinoma of trachea and bronchus].

We examined the usefulness of 3 carbohydrate antigens, CA19-9, CA125, and SLX, as tumor markers in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the trachea and bronchus, immunohistochemically and clinically. CA19-9 and SLX were detected immunohistochemically in normal tracheal and bronchial glands, but CA125 was not detected. Bronchial secretions obtained from 7 patients without cancer contained high levels of these 3 carbohydrate antigens. There was positive immunohistochemical staining for CA19-9, CA125, and SLX in 5 of 9, 1 of 9, and 3 of 8 patients with tracheal or bronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma, respectively. In a case of bronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma in whom pretreatment serum CA19-9 showed a very high level, this marker changed in parallel with the clinical course. These results suggest the possibility that CA19-9 and SLX could be used as useful markers in patients with tracheal and bronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗
PubMed1992

[A study on reaction mechanism of sodium lauryl sulfate-hemoglobin (SLS-Hb), Part 1].

The cyanmethemoglobin (HiCN) method has been adopted as the international standard procedure for hemoglobin (Hb) determinations due to the accuracy and stability of result. However, the presence of potassium cyanide (KCN) and potassium ferricyanide (K3-Fe(CN)6) in the reagents has raised problems of laboratory and environmental pollution. In 1981, Oshiro and colleagues developed a cyanide free method of Hb determination that is based on a low toxicity compound Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS). The SLS-Hb method provides stable SLS-Hb formation through the following steps. 1) Reaction of SLS to erythrocytic membrane (disruption of the erythrocytic membrane). 2) Conformation change of Hb by SLS. 3) Iron oxidation by oxygen (Fe2+----Fe2+). 4) Formation of stable SLS-Hb (coordination of SLS). The paper presents several findings on the reaction mechanism of the SLS-Hb method.

Blood Cell Count↗
PubMed1992

[Atrial natriuretic peptide and plasma renin activity in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

The relationship between plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and plasma renin activity (PRA) was examined in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, n = 17). The plasma ANP level in patients was approximately twice that in normal subjects. A reciprocal relationship between ANP and PRA was shown in normal subjects; however, this relationship was not observed in COPD. Plasma ANP levels inversely correlated with PaO2, and tended to inversely correlate with angiotensin converting enzyme activity in serum. These results demonstrate that patients with COPD have higher plasma ANP concentration, and that ANP and PRA are not reciprocally related in stable COPD.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[A case of central nervous system sarcoidosis, presenting with psychomotor seizure].

A rare case of neurosarcoidosis presenting with psychomotor seizure is reported. A 35-year-old woman was admitted to our ward for further evaluation of syncopal attacks and suspected sarcoidosis. The patient had a history of syncopal attacks for about 15 years prior to admission; however, the pathogenesis was not clarified in spite of various examinations. Three months prior to admission, left peripheral facial nerve palsy, bilateral hypopion and bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy on plain chest film were noted at the departments of neurosurgery and ophthalmology of our hospital. She was referred and admitted to our ward. The diagnosis of sarcoidosis was made by scalene node biopsy. The syncopal attacks could not be controlled by several anticonvulsant agents. Although no significant findings were observed on brain CT and cerebral angiography, spike wave was revealed on electroencephalography (EEG) in the parieto-temporal lead. The syncopal attacks were diagnosed psychomotor seizures from both the clinical features and the EEG findings. We concluded that syncope was caused by neurosarcoidosis. The patient was prescribed steroid with much improvement of these symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Atypical large plasma cells in lymph node granulomas in cat-scratch disease.

A histological variant of plasma cells found in the granulomas of cat-scratch disease (CSD) lymphadenitis is reported. Though the lesion shows the typical features of suppurative granulomatous lymphadenitis, many atypical giant cells which have abundant basophilic cytoplasm and bizarre nuclei with occasional multinucleated forms are noted among epithelioid histiocytes. The diagnosis of CSD lymphadenitis was confirmed by comparing clinical; histopathological, and histochemical (Warthin-Starry silver impregnation stain) studies on lymph node sections from five cases with features typical of the disease. Histochemical (methyl green-pyronine stain) and immunohistochemical examination provided several lines of evidence indicating that the atypical giant cells in our case were plasmacytic and confirmed that its proliferation was reactive, not neoplastic. Multinucleated giant cells were also occasionally present in the other five cases, but they had histological and immunohistochemical features of Langhans' type giant cells. We stress the importance of distinguishing such atypical large plasma cells from neoplastic cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Genetic, immunological and functional studies on lymphocytes with OKT4-epitope deficiency].

Although it is well-known that Leu3a-epitope on CD4 molecule functions as a receptor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the function of OKT4-epitope is still obscure. In order to learn the significance of OKT4-epitope, we performed immunological and functional studies on lymphocytes obtained from individuals with incomplete/complete OKT-4 epitope deficiency. Their lymphocytes did not show any abnormality in their susceptibility to HIV infection, the internalization of CD4 molecules by TPA-treatment, the capability of producing IL-2 in vitro or the expression of IL-2R (alpha/beta-chain) by PHA-stimulation. By flow cytometric analysis it was demonstrated that quantity of OKT4-epitopes in the incomplete deficiency was approximately one-half less than that of normal individuals. Coupled with this fact and DNA analysis previously reported, individuals with incomplete/complete OKT4-epitope deficiency were considered to be heterozygote and homozygote, respectively. These results led us to the conclusion that OKT4-epitope deficiency was inherited as an autosomal codominant trait. Individuals with complete OKT4-epitope deficiency were found in 7 cases out of 1486 random samples (0.47%), from which individuals with incomplete OKT4-epitope deficiency were estimated to account for 12.8%.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1991

[A case of paragonimiasis Miyazakii with bilateral pleural and pericardial effusion].

A 38-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for further examination of bilateral pleural and pericardial effusion. He had complained of dyspnea on exertion occurring six months after ingestion of raw freshwater crabs, Patomon dehaani. X-ray films and CT scan of the chest taken on admission revealed massive bilateral pleural and pericardial effusion. High serum IgE level and eosinophilia were noted on laboratory examination. Antibody against Paragonimus Miyazakii antigen was detected in patient's serum as well as pleural and pericardial fluids by the Ouchterlony test. The patient was treated effectively by Bithionol.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[A case of diphenylhydantoin-induced pneumonitis].

A 60-year-old man had been administered diphenylhydantoin (DPH) for prevention of convulsive seizures following clipping of an aneurysm of the middle cerebral artery. About one month after the commencement of DPH administration, he developed cough and low grade fever. He was treated with various antibiotics, but his condition increasingly worsened. Chest X-ray film revealed bilateral interstitial processes throughout the entire lung fields. Transbronchial lung biopsy was performed and the obtained specimen showed histological findings compatible with drug-induced pneumonitis. Administration of DPH was stopped immediately and 50 mg/day of prednisolone was started. The patient's condition rapidly improved, and the abnormal shadows on chest X-ray film gradually diminished. The lymphocyte stimulation test by DPH was positive with a stimulation index of 282%.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

[Burkitt's lymphoma with monoclonal pattern (IgG, kappa type) of cytoplasmic immunoglobulin--clinical report and review of Japanese literature].

A 52-year-old male was admitted to the hospital because of abdominal mass. Bone marrow examination revealed 26% blasts, which morphology was L3 in FAB criteria. Abdominal tumor was resected and histologic feature of the tumor was malignant lymphoma, small non-cleaved cell, Burkitt's. Lymphoma cells from the resected tumor were cultured and a cell line was established. Cytological studies of the original tumor cells and the cell line revealed that the lymphoma was negative both for EBNA and EBV DNA, and possessed t(8;14) (q24;q32) in chromosome analysis. Surface antigens were positive for HLA-DR, CD19 and CD20, but negative for CD10. The lymphoma also expressed a monoclonal pattern (IgG, kappa type) both of surface immunoglobulin and cytoplasmic immunoglobulin. Thus, the lymphoma was originated from mature B-lymphocyte. We analysed clinicopathological findings of 216 patients who were reported as Burkitt's lymphoma in Japan. Of 35 cases examined for cell EBNA, 7 (20%) were positive for EBNA. Of 86 cases tested for surface immunoglobulin of tumor cells, 67 expressed IgM alone and 10 IgG alone on tumor cells. Cytoplasmic immunoglobulin of tumor cells was positive in 61% of patients. Of 11 cases positive for cytoplasmic immunoglobulin, IgM was detected in 8 patients and IgG only in our patient.

Burkitt Lymphoma↗
PubMed1991

[Reliability of the exercise ECG in detecting silent ischemia in patients with prior myocardial infarction].

To assess the reliability of the exercise ECG in detecting silent ischemia, ECG results were compared with those of stress-redistribution thallium-201 single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in 116 patients with prior myocardial infarction and in 20 normal subjects used as a control. The LV was divided into 20 segmental images, which were scored blindly on a 5-point scale. The redistribution score was defined as thallium defect score of exercise subtracted by that of redistribution image and was used as a measure of amount of ischemic but viable myocardium. The upper limit of normal redistribution score (= 4.32) was defined as mean +2 standard deviations derived from 20 normal subjects. Of 116 patients, 47 had the redistribution score above the normal range. Twenty-five (53%) of the 47 patients showed positive ECG response. Fourteen (20%) of the 69 patients, who had the normal redistribution score, showed positive ECG response. Thus, the ECG response had a sensitivity of 53% and a specificity of 80% in detecting transient ischemia. Furthermore, the 116 patients were subdivided into 4 groups according to the presence or absence of chest pain and ECG change during exercise. Fourteen patients showed both chest pain and ECG change and all these patients had the redistribution score above the normal range. Twenty-five patients showed ECG change without chest pain and 11 (44%) of the 25 patients had the abnormal redistribution. Three (43%) of 7 patients who showed chest pain without ECG change had the abnormal redistribution score. Of 70 patients who had neither chest pain nor ECG change, 19 (27%) had the redistribution score above the normal range. Thus, limitations exist in detecting silent ischemia by ECG in patients with a prior myocardial infarction, because the ECG response to the exercise test may have a low degree of sensitivity and a high degree of false positive and false negative results in detecting silent ischemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Temperature-dependent pseudoleukocytopenia and in vitro studies on the underlying mechanism].

Spuriously low electronic white-cell count was obtained on EDTA-anticoagulated blood from a 54-year-old male suffering from liver cell carcinoma. In an attempt to understand better the phenomenon, in vitro studies were performed. The blood smear anticoagulated with EDTA revealed remarkable agglutinations of leukocytes, mainly neutrophils but not lymphocytes. The EDTA-treated blood showed maximal leukocytes-agglutinations at room temperature but no agglutination at 37 degrees C. The agglutinated leukocytes, moreover, were dispersed by incubating the blood at 37 degrees C. Although agglutination occurred in some degree in the blood anticoagulated with Na-heparin or Na3-citrate, it was much less pronounced compared to the EDTA-treated blood. Remarkable leukocytes-agglutinations were induced when EDTA-anticoagulated blood from healthy donor was mixed with serum from the patient at room temperature. These results suggest that the phenomenon of in vitro leukocyte agglutination and consequent pseudoleukocytopenia is due to leukocyte agglutinin in serum from the patient. The mechanisms were discussed comparing with pseudothrombocytopenia caused by platelet agglutinin.

Adolescent↗