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Biomedical subjects

J Maher

Publications and source records attributed to J Maher.

79 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Cardiovascular and autonomic actions of ciclazindol and tricyclic antidepressants.

The novel antidepressant ciclazindol had no significant effect on blood pressure at doses of up to 25.6 mg/kg i.v. in anaesthetised rats. Desipramine, imipramine, nortriptyline and amitriptyline evoked significant decreases at 0.8-1.6 mg/kg. Ciclazindol had no sustained haemodynamic actions in anaesthetised cats apart from a small rise in dp/dt. The ECG waveform showed only minor voltage changes. Desipramine and nortriptyline elevated haemodynamic variables at low doses but decreases occurred at higher doses. Amitripyline and imipramine decreased blood pressure. ECG changes evoked by the tricyclics included QRS complex distortion, ventricular ectopic beats, nodal rhythm, bundle branch block and ventricular tachycardia. In skin wheal tests ciclazindol was equiactive with the tricyclics as a local anaesthetic. In isolated tissues ciclazindol was not anticholinergic, showed no marked antagonism of 5-HT, potentiated responses to noradrenaline and was weakly antihistaminic. Ciclazindol appears to be pharmacologically different from the tricyclics and may not produce the unwanted side effects associated with these compounds.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Recurrent heat exposure: effects on levels of plasma and urinary sodium and potassium in resting and exercising men.

Heat acclimatization was induced in a group of healthy young men by walking on a treadmill (5.6 km/h, 49 degrees C/27 degrees C dry/wet bulb, 90 min/day, 7 d) and confirmed by observing significantly reduced final rectal temperatures and heart rates on the seventh day of exercise in the heat. A second group of men, paired for maximal oxygen consumption and body weight, remained sedentary under identical environmental conditions. While the mild exercise combined with the severe heat conditions induced significant hyperkalemia (p less than 0.02, minimal significance) on both the first and final days, there did occur an attenuated response with significantly (p less than 0.01) reduced plasma K+ after 45 min on the seventh day when compared with first day levels. No significant inter- or intragroup differences in plasma Na+ content of 24-h urine samples showed that men exercising in the heat retained an increased ability to conserve Na+, while sedentary individuals consistently displayed increased excretion of Na+. Thus, we concluded that even the mild exercise described herein effected hyperkalemia at each sampling time, but the level of hyperkalemia was attenuated after acclimatization, and while Na+ was conserved in the exercising men, no such adaptive processes occurred in sedentary individuals.

Acclimatization↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Collecting quality of life data in EORTC clinical trials--what happens in practice?

Problems with poor compliance when collecting quality of life data (QoL) in randomised clinical trials have prompted investigators to suggest measures to improve data collection. This study sought to look at the practical problems encountered by data managers and nurses in the cross-cultural setting of EORTC trials. A literature search was followed by a poster workshop session at a meeting of the EORTC study Group on Data Management and finally a postal questionnaire. The key problems identified centred around the lack of interest from some clinicians, lack of resources, inadequate protocols and a desire for training in the rationale for collecting QoL data to aid discussions with patients. Despite these problems many data managers and nurses found it rewarding to be on the 'frontline'. Since this study, the EORTC Data Center and in particular the Quality of Life Study Group and the Quality of Life Unit have implemented a number of measures to improve compliance. These include written guidelines for EORTC trials and a training course planned for Autumn 1999.

Data Collection↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Urticaria and angioedema. A simple approach to a complex problem.

Urticaria is a complex problem for both primary care practitioners and patients. Patients often present in considerable distress, with pruritus and uncomfortable lesions. They are frightened and frustrated about their condition and are searching for answers. Attempting to identify the cause by evaluating patient medications, contacts, and dietary history can be challenging. A multitude of laboratory tests can be performed, but they often do not provide a diagnosis. Skin allergy testing is frequently difficult at this stage. A working knowledge of the underlying pathology and causes of urticaria is essential during diagnosis. Astute evaluation can provide the clues necessary to accurately identify and treat the problem with available medications and modalities.

Acute Disease↗