A group of 20 patients (average age 55.5 yrs) with advanced arterioscleorosis obliterans and cerebral thrombosis were treated with pyridinolcarbamate. Anginin was given for 6 months, 1,5--2 g. per day. Observation period before, during and after the treatment lasted 2 yrs. Medical and psychological examinations were performed; laboratory test included: sphigmooscylography, photoplethysmography, EKG, EEG, cholesterol, triglyceridis and other routine biochemical blood tests. All data are statistically evaluated. Results. During Anginin treatment clinical improvement was noted in 8 cases, in 9 there was no change in neurological examination; 3 cases--deteriorated. Control examination 6 to 12 months after discontinuation of the treatment revealed no changes in 13 patients; 1 patient deteriorated and 6--died. There was improvement in blood circulation as shown by plethysmography and sphigmooscylography in patients with less advanced vascular changes and no change in cases with more advanced disease. In 75% of the patients there was statistically significant (p less than 0.001) decrease of cholesterol and in 50% of triglicerids (not statistically significant). In patients with advanced disease there was no clinical and EEG improvement, on the contrary 1/3 of them deteriorated clinically and in EEG. In cases with less advanced disease clinical improvement was recorded. Anginin seems to be a good drug for patients with moderately advanced combined peripheral and central arteriosclerosis.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Anti-epileptic and side effects of Didepil].

UNLABELLED: The action of the new antiepileptic preparation Didepil which is a combination of the anticholinergic agent procyclidine (dl-1-cyclohexyl-1-phenyl-3-pyrolidinopropane-1-ol hydrochloride) with phenobarbitone was evaluated in a group of 20 patients of either sex, mean age 28.5 years. These patients had mostly (14 cases) two types of seizures occurring up to several times daily. The mean duration of epilepsy was 12.5 years, the aetiology of the disease was different, and the patients were usually refractory to previously used drugs. Didepil was administered during 3 months, on the average, in doses of 3--4 tablets daily as the only antiepileptic drug or in combination with other anticonvulsants. The duration of follow-up of the patients before, during and after treatment was from 6 to 15 months. In each repeated EEG investigations, biochemical investigation of the blood, liver function tests, and urine analysis were performed. RESULTS: improvement was observed in cases of grand mal as well as temporal lobe seizures in 70% of patients, EEG improvement was found in 50% of patients. Side effects including oral dryness, accomodation disturbances developed in 17 patients but were usually slight and transient, in only 4 cases they were sufficiently severe as to justify reduction of dosage. Improvement of mood and contact with surroundings was noted in 60% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: Didepil seems to be an effective antiepileptic agent in maximal generalized seizures as well as in temporal lobe seizures.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Prophylactic use of penicillin G and ampicillin in stroke. I. Clinical observations].

In 103 patients with strokes without associated infections the prophylactic usefulness of antibiotics was assessed clinically. In 30 patients (group I) and 27 patients (group II) ampicillin was used in daily doses of 2-4 g or penicillin (Polfa) was given 2.4-4.8 million i.u. during 10 days. In the remaining 46 cases (group III) no antibiotics were given and these patients served as controls. During the first 10 days after stroke onset infectious complications developed significantly less frequently in controls (in 15 cases, i.e. 33%) than in those receiving antibiotic phophylaxis (40 cases i.e. 70%). The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p less than 0.001). In the second ten-day period no clinical evidence of new infection was observed in any group. It may be supposed in the light of these diseases that administration of penicillin G or ampicillin to patients with strokes without carrying out antibiotic sensitivity tests is unnecessary. Nearly exclusively pneumonia and urinary tract infection appear in the first ten days after stroke onset which may suggest acute and gradually levelling-off of the neuroregulation of immunological defense mechanisms.

Aged↗

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[Pathogenesis of epileptic focus].

An epileptogenesis as well as relation between epileptogenesis and memory consolidation have been analysed with kindling model. A role of kindling in pathogenesis of seizures in man, including formation of the secondary epileptic foci, has been discussed. An emphasis is on a controversial significance of gliomatous scar for the formation of epileptic focus and spreading of discharges on the adjacent brain structures.

Animals↗

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[Classification of seizures and epilepsy].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Epilepsy↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Value of EEG studies in the differential diagnosis of seizures in children].

The importance of various morphotic elements of EEG tracings in the diagnosis of seizures in children is discussed with particular reference to seizures connected with fever. The common neurophysiological mechanism of epileptic discharges in various epileptic seizures in children and adults is stressed calling attention to the fact that EEG investigation in only one of the elements on which the diagnostic process should be based. Attention is called also to the prognostic significance of duration of post-seizure slowing down of the background activity and occurrence of focal spike discharges at the site of greatest slowing of the activity - the greater is this slowing (above one week) the worse is the prognosis. In view of a considerable range of the concept of electroencephalographic normality in children it is stressed that EEG investigations should be repeated after the seizure to study the dynamics of bioelectric changes: the duration and type of EEG abnormalities.

Age Factors↗

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[Pharmacological possibilities of preventing post-traumatic epilepsy].

The period of the so-called "maturation" of the epileptogenic focus creates a potential field for pharmacological prevention of further development of the disease. The author analysed the experimental investigations carried our by himself on the effects of epileptogenic foci and/or diphenylhydantoin on the process of learning, EEG tracings, and histological findings in the brain and internal organs, and believes that prophylactic administration of diphenylhydantoin in moderate therapeutic doses (20 mg daily) and for a relatively short time period (1 year) is associated with a much lower possibility of side effects than the risk of development of post-traumatic epilepsy. A condition of successful prophylaxis is the administration of the drug immediately after trauma since the experimental investigations of the author indicate that starting treatment at the time of epileptogenic focus development in the EEG, even before the appearance of clinical seizures is too late for complete prophylactic or even therapeutic success.

Craniocerebral Trauma↗

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[Sensory organization of the reticular formation: Specific integrative activity].

On the basis of personal investigations including 1) electrophysiological methods (EEG, averaged evoked potentials), 2) behavior methods, 3) destruction of various parts of the brain (mesencephalic reticular formation, auditory pathways) and 4) pharmacological methods, conducted in the years 1953-1974 the author put forward a concept of sensory organization of reticular formation postulating existence of special systems in the reticular formation differing in their relative physiological and chemical specificity. This relative specificity is, in this concept, the ability of the so-called non-specific neurons in the reticular formation to be included under certain experimental conditions into specific functional systems. The author suggests the term "paraspecific systems" for designating these relatively specific systems. It seems that these systems determine the integrative role of reticular formation in the process of learning. In contrast to this important role the reticular formation is without any greater importance for the process of memory storage. The dynamic and relatively specific functional organization of reticular formation provides potential possibilities of its utilization in the processes of reeducation or rehabilitation in central nervous system damage and in pharmacological treatment of psychic disturbances.

Acoustic Stimulation↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of diphynylhydantoin on the histological appearance of internal organs in cat (preliminary study)].

The effects of DPH on internal organs of cats were investigated. The drug (Hydantoinal POLFA) was administered orally in doses 8 to 20 mg/kg daily during from 27 to 560 days. The initial dose was 1.5 mg/kg and it was increased gradually. Consistently occurring changes were found in the liver, kidneys, salivary glands and spleen. In the liver and kidneys the character of changes was mainly degenerative (fatty infiltration of hepatocytes and renal tubular epithelial cells). In the salivary gland the number of mucus-producing cells was increased, in the spleen proliferation of connective tissue and congestion were present.

Animals↗