DocuShock: options for document delivery in the nineties. Introduction.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Malamud.
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The current climate for academic libraries is such that traditional collection development philosophies are being examined anew. The rising cost of journals, coupled with steady or declining budgets, has necessitated a review of the means for providing access to information at the local level. Where once the local collection was all-important, the focus now has shifted in other directions. As Leach describes it, libraries will begin to shift collection development funds to document delivery services. Instead of purchasing resources "just in case," the new paradigm may be purchasing information "just in time". Anticipating this shift and taking advantage of existing technologies, the UnCover Company has developed a service that, although relatively new, has been widely discussed.
Health sciences librarians have been actively responding to the changing information needs of users by extending services which involve the selection of literature in response to specific requests from health care personnel. A further development is Patient Care Related Reading (PCRR), a hospital-based program of continuing medical education in which the librarian actively participates in the preselection, packaging, and routine delivery of literature for use by physicians caring for patients with certain clinical disorders. Criteria for selection of literature packet topics were developed jointly by librarians and physicians at their own hospitals. Librarians compiled bibliographic material, reviewed articles, and prepared preliminary packets. Physicians reviewed these packets and made suggestions for each article. Librarians then prepared final packets following reviewers' recommendations and distributed them as a routine procedure to all physicians caring for patients with a diagnosis corresponding to prepared topics. Librarians were notified of patients with PCRR clinical problems by admitting office personnel, floor nurses, nursing supervisors, utilization review, and Professional Standards Review Organization personnel as a part of their usual activities. Packets are used by physicians to add to their fund of knowledge, and for review and teaching purposes. PCRR has provided increased visibility of the library and its many services. Recognition of the librarian's role in the program reinforces the concept of the community hospital library as a service-oriented entity, and helps to establish the library as an active partner in the development and implementation of hospital-based continuing education programs.
Generally there is a tendency to underrate the value of uterine height in the diagnosis of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). This fact is probably due to the lack of standard normal values for this measurement. In a group of 298 healthy pregnant women, the 10th, 50th, and 90th percentile were calculated by week of amenorrhea. Uterine height was measured with a nonelastic measuring tape, from the symphysis pubis to the fundus uteri. With the use of these standard values the predictive value of the method was established. Of 44 neonates with low birth weight for gestational age, 38 had a uterine height below the 10th percentile (sensitivity 86%). Six cases of IUGR were not diagnosed by this method. Of 95 neonates with adequate birth weight, 85 had uterine values above the 10th percentile (specificity 90%). Ten (10%) of these were predicted as low birth weight but were born with adequate weight. The uterine height measurement is shown to be a very good method for detecting IUGR. It can be used as a screening test to detect impairment in fetal growth and to make early referral of those pregnancies.