PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Manitius

Publications and source records attributed to J Manitius.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Relationship between some parameters of carbohydrate metabolism, proteinuria and glomerular filtration rate in patients with primary glomerulonephritis].

It is very well known that carbohydrate metabolism disturbances may affect progression of renal disease in patients with moderate renal insufficiency. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between glucose, insulin and changes of creatinine clearance and proteinuria in patients with primary glomerulonephritis and normal renal function. Thirteen non-treated patients with primary glomerulonephritis, were given 75 g glucose orally and area under insulin and glucose curves were estimated. Afterwards all patients were followed-up for 17.6 +/- 3.1 months and none of them was subjected to any pharmacological intervention. At the end of the study neither proteinuria nor creatinine clearance changed significantly. But significant linear correlations were found between pre-follow-up glucose and insulin and changes of daily proteinuria (r = 0.632, p < 0.05; r = 0.538, 0.05 < p < 0.1) respectively. No correlations were found between insulin and glucose area and changes of creatinine clearance. Authors analyze the potential role of some factors linking the glucose metabolism and proteinuria.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[The effect of administering Omega-3 acids on lipids in serum, functional state of erythrocyte membrane and function of the kidneys in patients with primary glomerulonephritis].

There are reports concerning profitable influence of unsaturated acids administration on blood pressure, inflammation and proteinuria. The aim of presented study was to estimate the effect of Omega-3 on plasma lipids and renal function in patients with primary glomerulopathies. The tested group consisted of 13 patients (7F and 6M) aged from 22 to 60 years, with primary glomerulopathies and normal renal function. They received Omega-3 (Fishproduct, iceland) 3 x 2 caps for three months. Before, after 2 and 3 months of treatment and 3 months after its discontinuation following parameters were estimated: total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol (HDL, LDL), triglycerides and an order parameter of erythrocyte lipid bilayer (S). Simultaneously N-acetylglutamate (NAG), creatinine clearance and 24-hours proteinuria were measured. For calculation t-Student test was used. In our study we found statistically significant increase of HDL after 2 and 3 months and decrease of LDL after 3 months of Omega-3 administration (p < 0.05). During the 2 and 3 months of treatment statistically significant decrease of NAG was noticed but a month after its discontinuation significant increase of NAG excretion was observed (p < 0.05). The S parameter in tested group of patients was higher than in healthy population but during Omega-3 administration the value of an order parameter of erythrocyte bilayer increased significantly (p < 0.01). On the base of given results we could conclude that unsaturated acids may have profitable influence on plasma lipids, functional status of erythrocyte membrane and probably proximal tubule function in patients with primary glomerulopathies.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

The effect of high fructose intake on renal morphology and renal function in rats.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 2-week fructose feeding on plasma lipids renal function and morphology in the rats. Pair-fed rats were kept individually in metabolic cages for two weeks and given diet containing either 25% fructose or 25% starch (weight/weight). After that time under Nembutal anesthesia blood pressure was measured intra-arterially and blood was withdrawn for cholesterol, triglyceride, insulin, glucose and 24hrs urine was collected to estimate creatinine clearance. At the end of experiment kidneys were removed and fixed for microscopic examination. Creatinine clearance was higher by 15% (p < 0,01) in fructose fed rats and microscopic examination revealed moderate mesangial cells proliferation in animals of the same group. No statistical significant difference was observed with regard to lipids or glucose and insulin between two groups. Our study suggest that fructose feeding is associated with hyperfiltration and hyperplasia of mesangial cells in glomeruli.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Evaluation of acceptance rate and outcome of renal replacement therapy in patients with diabetic nephropathy--multicenter study].

Development of dialysis methods and progress in kidney and pancreas transplantation allowed to treat an increasing number of patients suffering from diabetic nephropathy (D.N.). This report evaluates availability and results of treatment in these patients. 31.12.93 in Gdansk and Bydgoszcz area there were treated 519 patients, including 43 (8.2%) with D.N. It is impossible to evaluate the demand for renal replacement therapy in patients with D.N., because there is no exact data concerning diabetic patients with progressing renal failure. Up to now 88 patients with D.M. (68 with IDDM, 20 with NIDDM) were treat in this area. Most of them (92%) were treated with hemodialysis is and only a few with CAPD, 13 patients received a kidney graft. The average patient survival on dialysis treatment in NIDDM patients was 15 months and in IDDM patients was 11 months. Deaths were mainly caused by cardiovascular complications. The results of renal replacement therapy in these patients cannot be compared with data from other re ports, because the treatment was introduced at advanced stage of D.N. in patients with systemic complications (serum creatinine in IDDM was 9.7 md% and in NIDDM was 6.2% mg%). Following conclusions can be drawn from our observations: 1. There is a need for close cooperation between diabetologist and nephrologist in repeat of evaluation of the demand for renal replacement therapy and time for its institution in a particular patient. 2. The choice of method of renal replacement therapy depends on clinical findings in a particular patient but also on methods available in a particular center. 3. Improvement of therapy outcome can be achieved primarily by earlier institution of dialysis (serum creatinine below 5 m5%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Development of renal transplantation in the Gdansk center].

The kidney transplantation is one of the renal replacement therapy methods, which prolongs live of the patients with the end stage renal disease for many years. Moreover, this method is well known, safe and not so expensive as dialysotherapy. Our purpose was to present the 15-year activity of the transplantation center in Gdańsk. The first renal transplantation took place on the 31st of March 1980 and there have been 137 renal transplantations in Gdańsk until now. We can divide the time between the 31st of March 1980 and the end of 1994 into two periods: I from 31.03.80 to 31.12.89 and II from 1991 to 1994. During the first were 46, and during the second were 91 renal transplantations performed. It means that since the second half of 1991 the activity of the center in Gdańsk has increased. The graft function was noted in 29 patients (63%) during the first period and in 75 (82%) during the second. The acute graft failure was observed in the most of the cases mentioned above. The 5-year living of the transplanted patients and the dialysed patients is comparable and amounts to 90%. Infections were the main reason of death during the first period, and cardiovascular complications during the second. The 5-year graft's functioning is 60%. Nowadays the results of the kidney transplantation center in Gdańsk are good and comparable with the results of other centers in Poland and Europe. Our center, as similar ones in Poland is prepared to extend the kidney transplantation activity. So it is necessary to intensify an effort to gain more organs for transplantations.

Cause of Death↗
PubMed1995

[Concentration of adenine nucleotides in blood of predialysis patients with chronic renal failure].

Intraerythrocyte and blood level ATP concentration is increased in CRF. But little is known on the blood concentration of ADP and AMP in CRF. HPLC was applied to evaluate the ATP, ADP, AMP concentration in blood of 25 CRF patients, with serum creatinine from 2.4 mg/dl to 14.4 mg/dl treated conservatively. Controls were healthy people, with normal renal function. In CRF ATP was higher (p < 0.001) and ADP, AMP and hypoxanthine were lower (p < 0.001) then in controls. Also ATP correlated (r = 0.78; p < 0.001) with serum phosphate and (r = 0.40; p < 0.05) with serum creatinine in CRF patients. Adenine nucleotides turnover is increased in CRF and this process is related to severity of the disease.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1994

[Some clinical aspects of erythropoietin action used at doses not affecting erythropoiesis in hemodialysed patients].

Erythropoietin has become a crucial point in treatment of anaemia in patients with chronic renal failure. Recently a very important point of concern are the non hematological aspects of its action. The aim of presented study was to evaluate the biochemical and clinical effects of using erythropoietin at doses not influence hemopoiesis. 10 hemodialysis patients with stable hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, were given erythropoietin at dose of 7-10U/kg.b.w./d--the dose not affecting erythropoiesis. Erythropoietin was administered subcutaneously, 3 times a week, for 12 weeks. In this way, we tried to evaluate the direct effects of erythropoietin action, not associated with a correction of anemia. After the therapy a statistically significant decrease was seen of total cholesterol (p < 0.01), LDL-cholesterol (p < 0.01) in serum of these patients. The concentration of triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, glucose and insulin changed in a variable mode. We did not find any significant changes in hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, but despite of that we observed a significant decrease of lactate (p < 0.01). It seems that the global result of all mentioned changes was a great improvement in the "quality of life" of this group of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[The role of the adrenergic nervous system in control of extrarenal potassium disposal in acute renal failure--unclear pathophysiological and clinical problem].

The effect of catecholamines on the regulation of extra-renal potassium homeostasis is well known in some pathological conditions such eg. chronic renal failure. However, the role of catecholamines on potassium homeostasis in acute renal failure has not been established yet. There are only scarce amount literature on this issue showing that both clinical and experimental acute renal failure plasma catecholamines are elevated. Presumably, acute renal failure associated hyperkalemia is ameliorated by raised plasma catecholamine concentration.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1994

Effect of epinephrine infusion on plasma potassium and its urinary excretion in rats subjected to subtotal nephrectomy.

Extrarenal potassium handling plays pivotal role in potassium homeostasis and is regulated by several hormones including epinephrine. The aim of this study was to look how epinephrine affects both extrarenal and renal potassium handling in rats with chronic renal failure. In subtotally nephrectomized rats, epinephrine (0.05 micrograms/kg per h) plus KCl (0.5 mmol/kg per h) were infused i.v. Plasma potassium and its fractional urinary excretion were measured simultaneously in five clearance periods. Each clearance period lasted 20 min and glomerular filtration rate was estimated as inulin clearance. Regardless of epinephrine infusion plasma potassium as well as fractional potassium excretion were higher in rats with chronic renal failure than in controls (shame--operated). It was concluded that the effect of epinephrine on both extrarenal and renal potassium handling was ameliorated in rats with chronic renal failure.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Effects of alpha and beta receptor blockaders on urinary excretion of sodium and potassium in healthy rats and in those with chronic renal failure].

The aim the study was to investigate the effects of both alpha and beta adrenergic blockade on sodium and potassium excretion in rats with chronic renal failure. The chronic renal failure was induced by surgical ablation of 75% renal mass. Controls were shame operated rats. All experiments were performed under sodium pentobarbitone anesthesia. Blood pressure was measured intraarterially and glomerular filtration rate was estimated as inulin clearance. Phentolamine (4 micrograms/kg/min)--Group I; or propranolol (4 micrograms/kg/min)--Group II were infused i.v. to controls and chronic failure rats. alpha-receptor blockade with phentolamine lowered GFR and blood pressure to the same extent in controls and rats with chronic renal failure. alpha-blockade caused increased fractional sodium excretion only in controls while urinary excretion of sodium and potassium fell in rats with chronic renal failure. The beta-blockade with propranolol (4 micrograms/kg/min)--Group II did not affect both blood pressure and GFR either in controls nor in rats with chronic renal failure. However propranolol infusion increased sodium and potassium excretion in controls but not in rats with chronic renal failure. Our study showed the divergence in the role of adrenergic receptors in regulation of urinary electrolytes excretion between controls and rats with chronic renal failure.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

An investigation into the neural regulation of calcium excretion by the rat kidney.

1. An investigation was undertaken to examine the action of the renal nerves on the reabsorption of calcium ions from the left kidney of sodium pentobarbitone anaesthetized rats. 2. Renal denervation had no effect on renal haemodynamics but increased urine flow, calcium excretion, absolute and fractional sodium excretions by 26% (P less than 0.02), 73% (P less than 0.02), 90% (P less than 0.001) and 82% (P less than 0.01), respectively, without affecting the calcium to sodium excretion ratio. In a group of animals which were similarly prepared but the renal nerves were not sectioned, neither renal blood flow, nor the excretion of water, calcium or sodium changed during the time course of the experiment although glomerular filtration rate increased significantly (P less than 0.05) by 19%. 3. Low rates (0.8-1.5 Hz at 15 V, 0.2 ms) of renal nerve stimulation did not change renal haemodynamics but reduced urine flow by 31% (P less than 0.001), calcium excretion by 32% (P less than 0.001), sodium excretion by 32% (P less than 0.001) and fractional sodium excretion by 32% (P less than 0.01) while the calcium to sodium excretion ratio was unaffected. Renal nerve stimulation at 3-5 Hz reduced renal blood flow by 15% (P less than 0.02), did not change glomerular filtration rate and reduced urine flow, calcium excretion, absolute and fractional sodium excretions by 35% (P less than 0.01), 30% (P less than 0.01), 32% (P less than 0.01) and 32% (P less than 0.05), respectively, while the calcium to sodium excretion ratio remained unchanged. 4. These data show that the renal nerves can modulate the excretion of calcium by a mechanism which is independent of renal haemodynamics and which may represent a direct action of the nerves on the calcium reabsorptive processes of the tubular cells. It remains to be determined whether this neural control of calcium reabsorption is a direct one or indirect via changes in sodium reabsorption.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

The renal actions of nitrendipine and its influence on the neural regulation of calcium and sodium reabsorption in the rat.

Infusion of nitrendipine at 0.5 micrograms/kg/min into pentobarbitone-anaesthetized rats with either intact or sectioned renal nerves did not change renal blood flow or glomerular filtration rate, but in both groups it significantly increased urine flow between 80 and 100%, calcium excretion between 85 and 130%, absolute sodium excretion between 105 and 140% and fractional sodium excretion by 80 to 105%. Administration of nitrendipine at 1.0 micrograms/kg/min into intact and renally denervated rats decreased blood pressure by 18-20 mm Hg, had no effect on renal haemodynamics, and caused significant increases in urine flow, calcium excretion, and absolute and fractional sodium excretions of identical magnitude observed with the lower dose of nitrendipine. Low-frequency renal nerve stimulation did not change either blood flow or glomerular filtration, but it significantly decreased urine flow by 27%, calcium excretion by 35%, and absolute and fractional sodium excretions by 32 and 36%, respectively. The magnitude and pattern of these responses to renal nerve stimulation were not altered in the presence of either dose of nitrendipine. These results suggest that nitrendipine directly inhibits the tubular reabsorption of calcium and sodium, but that this drug does not interfere with the adrenergic regulation of the reabsorption of these ions.

Animals↗